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Principality Of Kandahar
The Principality of Kandahar () was a state that existed in Kandahar from 1818 to 1855. It was ruled by the Dil brothers, members of the Barakzai dynasty, as a confederation. In 1855 the principality was conquered by the Kabul-based half-brother of the Kandahari Dil brothers, Dost Mohammad Khan. History In 1818, the Dil brothers seized Kandahar and its surroundings and declared independence. Sher Dil Khan was in charge of the military in the principality. The rule of the four brothers was very unpopular. Sher Dil Khan was supposed to be in charge of Kandahar's walls but after his death in 1826, the brothers fought each other and allowed the city's walls to fall into decay. In 1842 Kohan Dil Khan, Mehr Dil Khan, and Rahim Dil Khan left their exile in Kerman and set out towards Kandahar. They occupied Kandahar and re-established the principality. In the aftermath of the First Anglo-Afghan War, Kohan Dil Khan aimed to expand his influence into Sistan, which had fractured into a n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Language
Persian ( ), also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Farsi (, Fārsī ), is a Western Iranian languages, Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and used officially within Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan in three mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible standard language, standard varieties, respectively Iranian Persian (officially known as ''Persian''), Dari, Dari Persian (officially known as ''Dari'' since 1964), and Tajik language, Tajiki Persian (officially known as ''Tajik'' since 1999).Siddikzoda, S. "Tajik Language: Farsi or not Farsi?" in ''Media Insight Central Asia #27'', August 2002. It is also spoken natively in the Tajik variety by a significant population within Uzbekistan, as well as within other regions with a Persianate society, Persianate history in the cultural sphere o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deh Rawood District
Deh Rawood is a district in Uruzgan Province, southern Afghanistan, and the name of the town that serves as district seat. Deh Rawood lies along the Helmand River. The tribes in the district are Pashtun, dominated by the Noorzai and Populzai sub-tribes. The Netherlands, representing the NATO International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) force in Uruzgan Province, has established a military base in Deh Rawod, adjacent to pre-existing U.S. and Afghan Army bases. Security and Politics Government includes a district governor, chief of police, court, line departments, and three district shuras: * A 29-person development shura composed of tribal elders and engineers who monitor the implementation of development projects. * A 40-person tribal shura. * A 73-person malikan (village representative) shura that serves as a contact point for international actors. On 19 November 2009 it was reported that a suicide bomber blew himself up in Deh Rawad district in a crowded area. The attack kil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hotak
The Hotak () or Hotaki () is a tribe of the Ghilji confederacy of the Pashtun people who live mainly in Afghanistan. History The first king to take power in Kandahar, Afghanistan, was Mirwais Hotak (1673–1715). Mirwais Hotak led a revolt against the Safavid dynasty and successfully established the Hotak dynasty in 1709. After his death in 1715, he was succeeded by Abdul Aziz Hotak. Abdul Aziz was killed in 1717 by his nephew, Mahmud Hotak, who would go on to war with the Safavids. Mahmud successfully captured Isfahan and established Hotak rule in Iran. Mahmud Hotak was assassinated in 1725 by his cousin, Ashraf Hotak. Under Ashraf's rule, the Hotaks would be kicked out of Persia. After Ashraf's death, Hussain Hotak would succeed him and would be deposed from power by Nader Shah in the Siege of Kandahar, ending the Hotak dynasty. Later Hotak rulers include Mullah Omar, who founded the Taliban, and was the ruler of the Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. The Taliban would regain p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokhi
Tokhi (Pashto; توخئ) is a Ghilji tribe found in Afghanistan. Tokhi are one of the largest branches of the Ghilji confederation. The mythical patriarch of the Ghilji confederacy is Madhnai Nika (مړنئ نيکه) who had three sons ranches ''Thoraan (توران)'', ''Tholar (تولر)'' and ''Bolar (بولر)''. The ''Thoraan'' has two Branches, the first one being the Hotak (هوتک) and the second one is the Tokhi tribe. They are the largest branches. The Ghilji historically offered strong resistance against many enemies and also ruled over the Persian Asfahan Empire as well as ruling India.Naval Postgraduate School - Program for Culture and Conflict Studies Zabul Provincial Overview' History The Tokhi hikmat chiefs arose in the Ghilzai revolt of 1801 to 1802 against Shāh Mahmud but were put down and executed. The Tokhi were among the first in the disturbance of British Colonial Occupation during the First Afghan War and were among many troops led to attack th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nurzai
Noorzai () is the name of a Pashtun tribe, part of the Panjpai section of Durrani Pashtuns. Their name means "son of light" whereas Nur is an Arabic word that means "light", and "zai" means "son of" in the Pashto language. Tribally speaking, they are disputed by many Zirak Pashtuns to neither be Durrani nor Ghilji. Historically the Noorzai tribe can be found in Kandahar province, as well as Helmand province, Herat and Farah. Furthermore, the tribe is even spread out as far as Pakistan. They are specifically centered in Panjwai district, Maywand district, Nawzad, Garmsir and Washir districtbr>These places were infamous for being one of the main battlegrounds during the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), war in Afghanistan. Notable individuals *Hibatullah Akhundzada, Supreme Commander of the Taliban and Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan * Bashir Noorzai, Former Afghan drug lord known for being the "Pablo Escobar of the Middle East". He was one of the earliest members of the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alizai (Pashtun Tribe)
Alizai or Alizay (; ) is a Pashtun tribe in southwestern and central Afghanistan. It belongs to the Panjpai confederation of the larger Durrani tribe of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Qadyr Alizai, an entrepreneur and economist in Kabul, is the chief. Their heartland is Zamindawar, north of Helmand province. They primarily inhabit the Musa Qala district. Geographic distribution In 2007, Alizai tribesmen in the village of Musa Qala in Helmand province united under Mullah Abdul Salam and fought alongside the Taliban. Mullah Abdul Salam later agreed to change sides and was appointed by President Hamid Karzai as the governor of Musa Qala district. Notable people * Abdul Salaam Alizai – Governor of Uruzgan Uruzgan (Pashto: ; Dari: ), also spelled as Urozgan or Oruzgan, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. Uruzgan is located in the center of the country. The population is 436,079, and the province is mostly a tribal society. Tarinkot ... * Ahmadullah Alizai – Govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Masson
Charles Masson (1800–1853) was the pseudonym of James Lewis, a British East India Company soldier, independent explorer and pioneering archaeologist and numismatist. He was the first European to discover the ruins of Harappa near Sahiwal in Punjab, now in Pakistan. He found the ancient city of Alexandria in the Caucasus (modern Begram) dating to Alexander the Great. He unlocked the now-extinct script known as Kharoshthi. At the time of the 1838 First Anglo-Afghan War, Masson had spent more time in Afghanistan than any other British subject. He was a minority voice critical of the invasion and accurately predicted it would be a disaster for the British Empire. Early life Charles Masson was born on 16 February 1800 at 58 Aldermanbury within the City of London. He was the elder son of George Lewis and Mary Hopcraft. His father was a tradesman and a member of the Needlemakers Company. His mother's family were farmers in Croughton, Northamptonshire, who subsequently became bre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Kalat
The Khanate of Kalat, also known as the Brahui Confederacy, was a Brahui Khanate that originated in the modern-day Kalat region of Pakistan. Formed in 1666 due to the threat of Mughal expansion in the region,"Baluchistan" ''Imperial Gazetteer of India'' Vol. 6p. 277 from the Digital South Asia Library, accessed 15 January 2009 it controlled the wider Balochistan at its greatest extent in the mid-18th century, extending from Kerman in the west to Sindh in the east and from Helmand River in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south. The Khanate of Kalat lost considerable area to Qajar Iran and the Emirate of Afghanistan in the early 19th century, and the city of Kalat was itself sacked by the British in 1839. Kalat became a self-governing state in a subsidiary alliance with British India after the signature of the Treaty of Kalat by the Khan of Kalat and the Brahui Sardars in 1875, and the supervision of Kalat became a task of the Baluchistan Agency. Kalat was briefly i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talpur Dynasty
The Talpur dynasty () was a Baloch people in Sindh, Baloch dynasty that ruled the Sind State (present-day Sindh, Pakistan) after overthrowing the Kalhora dynasty in 1783 until British conquest of Sindh in 1843. A branch of the family continued to rule Khairpur (princely state), Khairpur, under Suzerainty#India, British suzerainty and later as a Princely states of Pakistan, Pakistani princely state, until 1955 when it was amalgamated into West Pakistan. For most of their rule, they were subordinate to the Khanate of Kalat and subject to the Durrani Empire, being forced to pay tribute to them. History The Talpurs were ethnically Sindhi language, Sindhi-speaking Baloch people, and were descendants of Mir Sulaiman Kako Talpur, who had arrived in Sindh from Choti Bala in southern Punjab. The Talpurs had served the Kalhora dynasty until 1775, when the Kalhora ruler had ordered the assassination of the chief of the Talpur, Talpur clan, Mir Bahram Khan, leading to a revolt among th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uruzgan Province
Uruzgan (Pashto: ; Dari: ), also spelled as Urozgan or Oruzgan, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. Uruzgan is located in the center of the country. The population is 436,079, and the province is mostly a tribal society. Tarinkot serves as the capital of the province. Uruzgan borders the provinces of Kandahar, Daykundi, Ghazni, Zabul, and Helmand. Geography Uruzgan province is located in southern Afghanistan, bordering Zabul and Kandahar to the south, Helmand to the southwest, Daykundi to the north, and Ghazni to the east. Uruzgan covers an area of . Much of the province is mountainous or semi-mountainous terrain, while the rest of the area is made up of flat land. History The Arabs were first to arrive in Uruzgan in the 7th century when they brought Islam to the region followed by the Saffarids who conquered the place in the 9th century. The region was part of ancient Arachosia, and was ruled by the Medes before it fell to the Achaemenids. In 330 BC, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hazaras
The Hazaras (; ) are an ethnic group and a principal component of Afghanistan’s population. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan, primarily residing in the Hazaristan (Hazarajat) region in central Afghanistan. Hazaras also form significant minority communities in Pakistan, mainly in Quetta, and in Iran, primarily in Mashhad. They speak Dari and Hazaragi, dialects of Persian languages, Persian. Dari, also known as Dari Persian, is the Languages of Afghanistan, official language of Afghanistan. The Hazaras are one of the most Persecution of Hazaras, persecuted groups in Afghanistan. Between Hazara genocide, 1888 and 1893, more than half of the Hazara population was List of massacres against Hazaras, massacred under the Emirate of Afghanistan, and they have faced Persecution of Hazaras, persecution at various times over the past decades. Widespread ethnic discrimination, religious persecution, organized attacks by terrorist groups, harassment, and arbitrary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sibi
Sibi (; ;) is a city situated in the Balochistan (Pakistan), Balochistan Subdivisions of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. The city serves as the administrative headquarters of the Sibi District, district and Sibi Tehsil, tehsil of the same name. Etymology The origin of the town's name is attributed to Rani Sewi, a Hindu lady of the Sewa Dynasty who ruled Balochistan before the 7th century.The tribal Baluchistan by Syed Abdul Quddus page 49 Geography The climatic and topography of Sibi District is quite varied compared to other districts of Balochistan. It is also known as the "Hot spot" of Pakistan where the temperatures in the summer exceed far above normal 52.6 °C (126.7 °F). The district has two tehsils, Sibi and Lehri, which are further organized into sub-tehsils. Sibi is connected to Quetta via the Bolan Pass and Nari pass through Harnai. Bolan Pass depicted on a 1910 advertisement card for Liebig Meat Extract Company. History Until the end of the 15th c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
