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Principal Photography
Principal photography is the phase of producing a film or television show in which the bulk of shooting takes place, as distinct from the phases of pre-production and post-production. Personnel Besides the main film personnel, such as the actors, director, cinematographer(s) or sound engineer(s) and their respective assistants ( assistant director, camera assistant, boom operator), the unit production manager plays a decisive role in principal photography. They are responsible for the daily implementation of the shoot, managing the daily call sheet, the location barriers, transportation, and catering. Additional typical roles during filming include the script supervisor to record changes to the script and the still photographer to produce images for advertising and documentation. Several reports are prepared each day to track the progress of a film production, including the daily production report, the daily progress report, and the sound report. Process Prepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daily Production Report
A daily production report (DPR) or production report (PR) in filmmaking is the form filled out each day of production for a movie or television show to summarize what occurred that day. There is no standard template for a production report and each show usually has an original template, often created before production begins by one of the assistant directors. Besides superficial differences, most forms record the same information and are simply a series of blank tables created in Excel printed double-sided on a legal sized (8 × 14) sheet of paper. The purpose of this form is to keep track of a production's progress and expenses. It is finally sent to studio executives and is permanently filed to serve as a legal record. Front The very top lists the production company name, production title, director, producers, unit production managers, assistant directors, the total number of scheduled production days, and the current production day. Below this, the majority of the DPR combin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Production Board
A production board, stripboard, or production strip is a filmmaking term for a chart displaying color-coded strips of paper, each containing information about a scene in the film's shooting script. The strips can then be rearranged and laid out sequentially to represent the order one wants to film in, providing a schedule that can be used to plan the production. This is done because most films are shot "out of sequence," meaning that they do not necessarily begin with the first scene and end with the last. For logistical purposes, scenes are often grouped by talent or location and are arranged to accommodate the schedules of cast and crew. A production board is not to be confused with a stripboard used for electronics prototyping. Historically, strip boards were manually assembled by hand on specially-made multi-panel boards made of vinyl or wood, about 15 to 18 inches tall (38 to 45 cm), whose panels could be easily folded up. In the 21st century, such boards are obsolete, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Production Schedule
The production schedule is a project plan of how the production budget will be spent over a given timescale, for every phase of a business project. The scheduling process starts with the script, which is analysed and broken down, scene by scene, onto a sequence of breakdown sheets, each of which records the resources required to execute the scene. These resources include: * Cast Actors * Special Effects * Wardrobe * Special Equipment * Stunts * Extras/Silent Bits * Props * Make-up/Hair * Extras/Atmosphere * Vehicles/Animals * Sound Effects/Music * Production Notes * Others From the breakdown sheets, the Production Manager compiles a production board which is used as the basis for a shooting schedule A shooting schedule is a project plan of each day's shooting for a film production. It is normally created and managed by the assistant director, who reports to the production manager managing the production schedule and production board. Both ... for every day of the shoot. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Script Breakdown
A script breakdown is an intermediate step in the production of a play, film, comic book, or any other work that is originally planned using a script. Film and television In film and television, a script breakdown is an analysis of a screenplay in which all of the production elements are reduced into lists. Within these lists are, in essence, the foundation of creating a production board, which is fundamental in creating a production schedule and production budget of an entire production of any film or television program in pre-production. This process is a very tedious and complex task, and is usually the responsibility of the Assistant Director or first or 1AD within the production staff of any given production company. However, many film directors and film producers have knowledge of breaking down a script. In particular, literally breaking down the script is a very a thorough and detailed creative analysis of dramatic action in filmmaking, highlighting the reciprocal strug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filming Permit
Filming permits are permits issued by governments to allow the filming of motion pictures. Every city and state has some sort of council or office that handles filming permits.Jolliffe, Genevieve; Zinnes, Andrew (2006). ''The Documentary Film Makers Handbook: A Guerilla Guide.'' Continuum International Publishing Group, Obtaining film permits is part of the process of location scouting, and they are usually the responsibility of the location manager. Permits are issued prior to the shooting with details about location, date, time, equipment, personnel, special effects, actions and stunts. The process of applying for filming permits may include fees and often requires production insurance. Sometimes this process is handled directly by the city, and sometimes it is handled by a non-profit organization such as FilmLA in Los Angeles. In addition, each state may have its own permitting commission for state land. The process of film permitting can often make it difficult for independent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer-generated Imagery
Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is a specific-technology or application of computer graphics for creating or improving images in Digital art, art, Publishing, printed media, Training simulation, simulators, videos and video games. These images are either static (i.e. still images) or dynamic (i.e. moving images). CGI both refers to 2D computer graphics and (more frequently) 3D computer graphics with the purpose of designing characters, virtual worlds, or scenes and Visual effects, special effects (in films, television programs, commercials, etc.). The application of CGI for creating/improving animations is called ''computer animation'', or ''CGI animation''. History The first feature film to use CGI as well as the composition of live-action film with CGI was ''Vertigo (film), Vertigo'', which used abstract computer graphics by John Whitney (animator), John Whitney in the opening credits of the film. The first feature film to make use of CGI with live action in the storyline of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Stock
Film stock is an analog medium that is used for recording motion pictures or animation. It is recorded on by a movie camera, developed, edited, and projected onto a screen using a movie projector. It is a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast and resolution of the film.Karlheinz Keller et al. "Photography" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. The emulsion will gradually darken if left exposed to light, but the process is too slow and incomplete to be of any practical use. Instead, a very short exposure to the image formed by a camera lens is used to produce only a very slight chemical change, proportional to the amount of light absorbed by each crystal. This creates an invisible latent image in the emulsion, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dogme 95
Dogme 95 (; Danish for "Dogma 95") was a Danish avant-garde filmmaking movement founded by Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg, who created the "Dogme 95 Manifesto" and the "Vows of Chastity" (). These were rules to create films based on the traditional values of story, acting, and theme, while excluding the use of elaborate special effects or technology. It was supposedly created as an attempt to "take back power for the directors as artists" as opposed to the movie studio. Von Trier and Vinterberg were later joined by Kristian Levring and Søren Kragh-Jacobsen, forming a group known as the Dogme 95 Collective or the Dogme Brethren. French-American filmmaker Jean-Marc Barr and American filmmaker Harmony Korine are also seen as major figures in the movement. ''Breaking the Waves'' (1996), von Trier's first film under his own production company Zentropa, became the precursor of the movement. History Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg wrote and co-signed the manifesto and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French New Wave
The New Wave (, ), also called the French New Wave, is a French European art cinema, art film movement that emerged in the late 1950s. The movement was characterized by its rejection of traditional filmmaking conventions in favor of experimentation and a spirit of iconoclasm. New Wave filmmakers explored new approaches to film editing, editing, visual style, and narrative, as well as engagement with the social and political upheavals of the era, often making use of irony or exploring existential themes. The New Wave is often considered one of the most influential movements in the history of cinematography, cinema. However, contemporary critics have also argued that historians have not sufficiently credited its female co-founder, Agnès Varda, and have criticized the movement's prevailing themes of sexism towards women. The term was first used by a group of French film critics and cinephiles associated with the magazine in the late 1950s and 1960s. These critics rejected the ("T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sound Stage
A sound stage (also written soundstage) is a large, soundproof structure, building or room with large doors and high ceilings, used for the production of theatrical film-making and television productions, usually located on a secured movie or television studio property. Compared to a silent stage, a sound stage is sound-proofed so that sound can be recorded along with the images. The recordings are known as ''production sound''. Because most sound in movies, other than dialogue, is added in post-production, this generally means that the main difference between the two is that sound stages are used for dialogue scenes, but silent stages are not. An alternative to production sound is to record additional dialogue during post-production (known as dubbing). Early history Structures of this type were in use in the motion picture industry before the advent of sound recording. Early stages for silent movies were built, either as a three-wall open-roof set, or with large skylights, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filming Location
A filming location is a place where some or all of a film or television series is produced, instead of or in addition to using sets constructed on a movie studio backlot or soundstage. In filmmaking, a location is any place where a film crew will be filming actors ''and'' recording their dialog. A location where dialog is not recorded may be considered a second unit photography site. Filmmakers often choose to shoot on location because they believe that greater realism can be achieved in a "real" place; however, location shooting is often motivated by the film's budget. Many films shoot interior scenes on a sound stage and exterior scenes on location. Types of locations There are two main types of locations: * Location shooting, the practice of filming in an actual setting * Studio shoots, on either a sound stage or back lot History Video cameras originally designed for television broadcast were large and heavy, mounted on special pedestals and wired to remote recorders in se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
