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Princess Jeguk
Princess Supreme Jeguk (; 28 June 1259 – 11 June 1297; ), also known as Queen Jangmok () and Queen Mother Inmyeong () was a Yuan imperial princess as the daughter of Kublai Khan and Chabi khatun. She became the first Goryeo queen consort from Yuan. She was the primary wife of Chungnyeol of Goryeo and the mother of his successor, Chungseon of Goryeo. Her personal name was Borjigin Qutlugh Kelmysh (). She was the great-granddaughter of Genghis Khan and was known as a princess supreme (, ) as the aunt of the Emperor. She was the aunt of Temür Khan, who later succeeded her father as the Yuan emperor. From all of Mongol consorts in Goryeo, just she who was Yuan Emperor's daughter. Biography Early life Borjigin Qutugh Kelmysh (보르지긴 쿠틀룩 켈미쉬 ��도로게리미실 or 홀독겁미사 孛儿支斤 忽都魯揭里迷失) was born on 28 June 1259 in Mongol Empire as the youngest daughter (Imperial Princess) of Kublai Khan and Chabi khatun. Marriage relation wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess
Princess is a title used by a female member of a regnant monarch's family or by a female ruler of a principality. The male equivalent is a prince (from Latin '' princeps'', meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a monarch. A crown princess can be the heir apparent to the throne or the spouse of the heir apparent. Princess as a substantive title Some princesses are reigning monarchs of principalities. There have been fewer instances of reigning princesses than reigning princes, as most principalities excluded women from inheriting the throne. An example of a princess regnant is Constance of Antioch, princess regnant of Antioch in the 12th century. Since the president of France, an office for which women are eligible, is ''ex-officio'' a co-prince of Andorra, then Andorra could theoretically be jointly ruled by a princess. Princess as a courtesy title Descendants of monarchs For many centurie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism
Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century Before the Common Era, BCE. It is the Major religious groups, world's fourth-largest religion, with about 500 million followers, known as Buddhists, who comprise four percent of the global population. It arose in the eastern Gangetic plain as a movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia. Buddhism has subsequently played a major role in Asian culture and spirituality, eventually spreading to Western world, the West in the 20th century. According to tradition, the Buddha instructed his followers in a path of bhavana, development which leads to Enlightenment in Buddhism, awakening and moksha, full liberation from ''Duḥkha, dukkha'' (). He regarded this path as a Middle Way between extremes su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Sunan
Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of Royal family, royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are ranked below grand dukes and above or below princes, depending on the country or specific title. The title comes from French ''duc'', itself from the Latin language, Latin ''dux'', 'leader', a term used in Roman Republic, republican Rome to refer to a military commander without an official rank (particularly one of Germanic peoples, Germanic or Celts, Celtic origin), and later coming to mean the leading military commander of a province. In most countries, the word ''duchess'' is the female equivalent. Following the reforms of the emperor Diocletian (which separated the civilian and military administrations of the Roman provinces), a ''dux'' became the military commander in each province. The title ''dux'', Hellenised to ''do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cho In-gyu
Cho In-gyu (; 1237 – May 15, 1308) was a Goryeo civil official. Originally an interpreter for the Goryeo crown prince, his success in helping arrange a marriage between the prince and Kublai Khan's daughter propelled Cho's rise in Goryeo officialdom. He would eventually become the chancellor of Goryeo by 1292 and marry his daughter to the crown prince, the future King Chungnyeol. Biography Cho In-gyu was born in 1237 in Sangwŏn as the son of Cho Yŏng () of the Pyongyang Cho clan. Cho's family was thought to be that of originally of commoner status. Cho In-gyu learned the Mongol language, due to Sangwŏn's close proximity to the Mongol-Goryeo border during Mongol invasions of Korea. Cho's courtesy name was Kŏjin, and his posthumous name was Chŏngsuk. In 1269, due to Cho's proficiency in the Mongol language, Cho was selected to be the interpreter for Crown Prince Sim (the future King Chungnyeol) during his visit to the Yuan capital of Khanbaliq. As an interpreter, Cho was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of California
The University of California (UC) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university, research university system in the U.S. state of California. Headquartered in Oakland, California, Oakland, the system is composed of its ten campuses at University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, University of California, Davis, Davis, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, University of California, Merced, Merced, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, and University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, along with numerous research centers and academic centers abroad. The system is the state's land-grant university. In 1900, UC was one of the founders of the Association of American Universities and since the 1970s seven of its campuse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongol Invasions Of Korea
A series of campaigns were conducted between 1231 and 1270 by the Mongol Empire against the Korean kingdom of Goryeo. The last campaign concluded with a peace treaty with Goryeo becoming Korea under Yuan rule, a vassal state of the Yuan dynasty, a relationship that lasted for approximately 80 years. A greater amount of "stubborn resistance" was put up by Korea and the Song Dynasty of China towards the Mongol invasions than many others in Eurasia who were swiftly crushed by the Mongols at a lightning pace. The Yuan dynasty would extract wealth and tributes from the Goryeo kings. Despite submission to the Yuan dynasty, internal struggles among Goryeo royalty and rebellions against Yuan rule would continue, the most famous being the Sambyeolcho Rebellion. Khitan invasion (1216–1219) Goryeo first encountered the Mongols in 1211 when a Goryeo envoy to the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) was killed by Mongol soldiers. Later the Mongols entered Goryeo while pursuing enemy Khitan peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vassal State
A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe. Vassal states were common among the empires of the Near East, dating back to the era of the Egyptian, Hittite, and Mitanni conflict, as well as in ancient China. The relationships between vassal rulers and empires were dependent on the policies and agreements of each empire. While the payment of tribute and military service was common amongst vassal states, the degree of independence and benefits given to vassal states varied. Today, more common terms are puppet state, protectorate, client state, associated state, or satellite state. Historical examples Ancient Egypt The reign of Thutmose III (1479 BC – 1425 BC) laid the foundations for the systems that functioned during the Amarna period of Egypt. Vassal states in the Levant became fully integrated in Egypt's economy with the construction of harbours � ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Yangyang
Wang Sŏ, known by his title of Marquess Deokyang and later Duke Yangyang, was a Goryeo Royal Prince as the second son of King Sinjong and Queen Seonjeong, also the only younger brother of King Huijong. Through his third son, he would eventually become an ancestor of King Gongyang. In 1204, his father visited his manor, but died there not long after that. In 1211, he was exiled alongside Huijong by Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn to Ganghwa Island. Family and ancestry Close relatives *Older brother: Wang Yŏng, King Huijong **Sister-in-law: Queen Seongpyeong of the Jangheung Im clan ***Nephew: Duke Changwon ***Nephew: Marquess Siryeong ***Nephew: Duke Gyeongwon ***Nephew: Grand Priest Wonjeong ***Nephew: Grand Priest Chungmyeong ***Niece: Queen Anhye ***Niece: Princess Yeongchang ***Niece: Princess Deokchang ***Niece: Princess Gasun ***Niece: Princess Jeonghui *Younger sister: Princess Heungdeok *Younger sister: Princess Gyeongnyeong *Issue: #Wang Wi (; d. 1216) #Wang Pyŏng () #Wang In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goryeosa
''Goryeosa'' (), or ''History of Goryeo'', is an extensive historical record of the Goryeo dynasty, compiled by the officials of Goryeo's successor state, Joseon. Its compilation started during the reign of Taejo of Joseon, Taejo (the founding monarch of Joseon), was completed under Munjong of Joseon, Munjong, and was first printed under Danjong of Joseon, Danjong. Goryeosa consists of 139 volumes and stylistically follows Chinese historiography () (''cf.'' chronicle, ) where sections are organized by their purpose. The section compiling the annals of the kings, ''sega'' () narrates the history of Goryeo kings. The monograph section, ''ji'' (), contains ''"accounts of the politics, economics, personnel (civil and military), geography, astronomy, and other topics related to Goryeo society."'' The biographies section, ''yeoljeon'' (), describes notable officials. The chronology section, ''yeonpyo'' () lists the names of kings and their reigns. The listing section, ''mongnok'' (), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social Imperial, royal and noble ranks, rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent. In contrast, a queen regnant is a female monarch who rules ''suo jure'' (Latin for, "in her own right") and usually becomes queen by inheriting the throne upon the death of the previous monarch. A queen dowager is a widowed queen consort, and a queen mother is a queen dowager who is the mother of the current monarch. Titles When a title other than king is held by the sovereign, his wife can be referred to by the feminine equivalent, such as princess consort or empress consort. In monarchies where polygamy has been practised in the past (such as Morocco and Thailand), or is practised today (such as the Zulu people, Zulu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agnatic
Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritance of property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin. This is sometimes distinguished from cognate kinship, through the mother's lineage, also called the spindle side or the distaff side. A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males. In the Bible In the Bible, family and tribal membership appears to be transmitted through the father. For example, a person is considered to be a priest or Levite, if his father is a priest or Levite, and the members of all the Twelve Tribes are called Israelites because their father is Israel (Jacob). In the first lines of the New Testament, the descent of Jesus Christ is counted through the male lineage from Abraham through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan (title), khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongols, Mongol tribes, he launched Mongol invasions and conquests, a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of Mongol conquest of China, China and Mongol invasion of Central Asia, Central Asia. Born between 1155 and 1167 and given the name Temüjin, he was the eldest child of Yesugei, a Mongol chieftain of the Borjigin, Borjigin clan, and his wife Hö'elün. When Temüjin was eight, his father died and his family was abandoned by its tribe. Reduced to near-poverty, Temüjin killed Behter, his older half-brother to secure his familial position. His charismatic personality helped to attract his first followers and to form alliances with two prominent Eurasian Steppe, steppe leaders named Jamukha and Toghrul; they worked together to retrieve Temüjin's newlywed wife Börte, who had b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
