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Primavera Capital Group
Primavera Capital Group (Primavera; ) is a Chinese investment firm with offices in Hong Kong, Beijing, Silicon Valley and Singapore. It is considered one of China's leading investment firms with notable investments in companies such as Alibaba, Ant Group, ByteDance, XPeng, Yum China and The Princeton Review. In 2023, ''Private Equity International'', ranked Primavera as the fifth largest private equity firm in Asia based on total fundraising over the most recent five-year period. History Fred Hu was previously a partner and the chairman of Greater China at Goldman Sachs. In 2010, Hu and several other managing directors at Goldman Sachs founded Primavera. The firm primarily invests in China but in recent years has diversified into Southeast Asia and North America. Institutional investors of the firm include AIA Group, Bank of China, MetLife, Pennsylvania State Employees' Retirement System, State Street Corporation, Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company and TSMC. Primave ...
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Privately Held Company
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose Stock, shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the Private equity, company's stock is offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately, also known as "over-the-counter (finance), over-the-counter". Related terms are unlisted organisation, unquoted company and private equity. Private companies are often less well-known than their public company, publicly traded counterparts but still have major importance in the world's economy. For example, in 2008, the 441 list of largest private non-governmental companies by revenue, largest private companies in the United States accounted for $1.8 trillion in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In general, all companies that are not owned by the government are classified as private enterprises. This definition encompasses both publ ...
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Private Equity International
''Private Equity International'' (PEI) is a global insight, analysis and data provider for the private equity industry, with a core focus on the relationship between investors and fund managers: the LP- GP nexus. Launched in December 2001, the title's website and printed magazines cover the people, funds, capital providers and financial trends shaping the private equity industry with an integrated team of specialist journalists and researchers in London, Hong Kong and New York. As demand for private equity in institutional portfolios continues to grow around the world, PEI aims to deliver private equity-focused professionals a comprehensive offering of proprietary data, authoritative analysis and context around industry issues and best practice. It is known for its annual ranking of the industry's largest private equity groups, the PEI 300, which measures firms by capital raised ("dry powder" in industry terms) over a 5-year period. The first PEI ranking of private equity groups ...
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Initial Public Offering
An initial public offering (IPO) or stock launch is a public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also to retail (individual) investors. An IPO is typically underwritten by one or more investment banks, who also arrange for the shares to be listed on one or more stock exchanges. Through this process, colloquially known as ''floating'', or ''going public'', a privately held company is transformed into a public company. Initial public offerings can be used to raise new equity capital for companies, to monetize the investments of private shareholders such as company founders or private equity investors, and to enable easy trading of existing holdings or future capital raising by becoming publicly traded. After the IPO, shares are traded freely in the open market at what is known as the free float. Stock exchanges stipulate a minimum free float both in absolute terms (the total value as determined by the share price multiplied ...
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Cainiao
Cainiao Smart Logistics Network Limited ( zh, s=菜鸟网络科技有限公司), formerly known as China Smart Logistics Network, is a Chinese logistics company launched by Alibaba Group, jointly with eight other companies, on 28 May 2013. On March 26, 2024, Alibaba, which holds approximately 64% of Cainiao's shares, said it would acquire the remaining 36% of Cainiao's shares. As of May 2018, Cainiao was one of the largest unicorn companies in China, valued at 100 billion yuan. Cainiao ensures delivery within 24 hours to any region of China. The company also shares resources with other logistics companies. Services Cainiao Station Cainiao operates a network of courier pick-up points known as Cainiao Stations () across the Chinese mainland. These stations are strategically situated in residential neighborhoods and on university campuses, serving functions akin to traditional post offices. When a courier package is destined for a location within a Cainiao Station's service ...
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Alipay
Alipay () is a third-party mobile and online payment platform, established in Hangzhou, China in February 2004 by Alibaba Group and its founder Jack Ma. In 2015, Alipay moved its headquarters to Pudong, Shanghai, although its parent company Ant Financial remains Hangzhou-based. Alipay overtook PayPal as the world's largest mobile (digital) payment platform in 2013. As of June 2020, Alipay serves over 1.3 billion users and 80 million merchants. According to the statistics of the fourth quarter of 2018, Alipay has a 55.32% share of the third-party payment market in mainland China, and it continues to grow. Along with WeChat, Alipay has been described to be China's super-app with a wide range of functionalities including ridesharing, travel booking and medical appointments. History The service was first launched in 2003, by Taobao. The People's Bank of China, China's central bank, issued licensing regulations in June 2010 for third-party payment providers. It also issued ...
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TSMC
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC or Taiwan Semiconductor) is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is one of the world's most valuable semiconductor companies, the world's largest Foundry model#Dedicated foundry, dedicated independent ("Pure play, pure-play") Foundry (electronics), semiconductor foundry, and Taiwan's largest company, with headquarters and main operations located in the Hsinchu Science Park in Hsinchu, Taiwan. Although the government of Taiwan is the largest individual shareholder, the majority of TSMC is owned by foreign investors. In 2023, the company was ranked 44th in the Forbes Global 2000, ''Forbes'' Global 2000. Taiwan's exports of integrated circuits amounted to $184 billion in 2022, nearly 25 percent of Taiwan's GDP. TSMC constitutes about 30 percent of the Taiwan Stock Exchange's main index. TSMC was founded in 1987 by Morris Chang as the world's first dedicated semiconductor foun ...
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Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company
Varma Pension Insurance Company (Finnish: ''Keskinäinen työeläkevakuutusyhtiö Varma'') is a pension insurance company in Finland. Varma manages statutory TyEL insurance for employees and YEL insurance for the self-employed and statutory vocational rehabilitation and services relating to predicting and managing work ability risks. Varma is a mutual company and its head office is located in Salmisaari, Helsinki Helsinki () is the Capital city, capital and most populous List of cities and towns in Finland, city in Finland. It is on the shore of the Gulf of Finland and is the seat of southern Finland's Uusimaa region. About people live in the municipali .... In 2021, Varma paid out pensions in the amount of 6.2 billion euros to 346,000 people, and at year-end 571,229 people were insured with Varma. In terms of turnover, Varma was the twelfth-biggest company in Finland in 2020. In 2021, Varma was one of the largest real estate investors in Finland. References Further r ...
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State Street Corporation
State Street Corporation is an American global financial services and bank holding company headquartered at One Congress Street in Boston with operations worldwide. The company is named after State Street in Boston, which was known as the "Great Street to the Sea" in the 18th century as Boston became a flourishing maritime capital. It is the second-oldest continually operating United States bank; its predecessor, Union Bank, was founded in 1792. State Street is ranked 14th on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets. It is one of the largest asset management companies in the world with US$4.7 trillion under management and US$46.6 trillion under custody and administration in 2024. It is the second largest custodian bank in the world, providing securities services and it is considered a systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. Along with BlackRock and Vanguard, State Street is considered to be one of the Big Three index fund managers that do ...
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Pennsylvania State Employees' Retirement System
The Pennsylvania State Employees’ Retirement System (also known as SERS or Pen SERS) is an independent administrative board of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania that manages the public pension system for state employees in Pennsylvania. One of the oldest and largest statewide retirement systems for public employees in the United States, it was founded on March 13, 1923 during the administration of Pennsylvania Governor Gifford Pinchot. History Founded on March 13, 1923 during the first term of Pennsylvania Governor Gifford Pinchot, the Pennsylvania State Employees’ Retirement System was established as part of Pinchot's efforts to reorganize state government and strengthen the state's safety net for Pennsylvania. While eliminating a $23 million state deficit and creating a retirement system for state employees, Pinchot also created an old age pension system, settled a coal mining strike in 1923, and revised laws for the care and treatment of individuals with mentally illness an ...
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MetLife
MetLife, Inc. is the Holding company, holding corporation for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (MLIC), better known as MetLife, and its affiliates. MetLife is among the largest global providers of insurance, Annuity (US financial products), annuities, and employee benefit programs, with around 90 million customers in over 60 countries. The firm was founded on March 24, 1868. MetLife ranked No. 43 in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. On January 6, 1915, MetLife completed the mutualization process, changing from a stock life insurance company owned by individuals to a Mutual organization, mutual company operating without external shareholders and for the benefit of policyholders. After 85 years as a mutual company, MetLife Demutualization, demutualized into a Public company, publicly traded company with an initial public offering in 2000. Through its subsidiaries and affiliates, MetLife holds leading market positions in ...
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Bank Of China
The Bank of China (BOC; ; Portuguese language, Portuguese: ''Banco da China'') is a state-owned Chinese Multinational corporation, multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Beijing, Beijing, China. It is one of the "Big four banks, big four" banks in China. As of 31 December 2019, it was the second-largest lender in China overall and ninth-largest bank in the world by market capitalization value, and it is considered a Systemically important financial institution, systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. As of the end of 2020, it was the List of largest banks, fourth-largest bank in the world in terms of total assets, ranked after the other three Chinese banks. The Bank of China was formed in 1912 by renaming the Qing dynasty's Da-Qing Bank (est. 1905) under the newly established Republican government. Until 1942, it issued banknotes on behalf of the government as one of the "Big Four" banks of the period, together with the ...
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AIA Group
AIA Group Limited, often known as AIA (), is a Hong Kong–based multinational insurance and finance corporation. It is the largest publicly traded life insurance group in the Asia-Pacific region. It offers insurance and financial services, writing life insurance for individuals and businesses, as well as accident and health insurance, and offers retirement planning, and wealth management services, variable contracts, investments and securities. AIA is headquartered in Central, Hong Kong, with a presence in 18 markets in Asia-Pacific, with wholly-owned branches and subsidiaries in Hong Kong, mainland China, Taiwan, Macau, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brunei, Cambodia, Myanmar, Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka and a 49% joint venture in India. Since 2013, AIA has had an exclusive bancassurance agreement with Citibank that encompasses 11 AIA markets in Asia-Pacific. In August 2013, AIA became the official shirt partner of ...
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