|
Preah Khan Reach
Preah Khan Reach () – the Khmer Royal Sacred Sword – is a double-edge straight sword, with a chiseled steel blade sheathed in a jeweled gold scabbard. Though it has disappeared since 1970, it was considered the symbol of Khmer sovereignty and legitimacy to the throne for whoever possessed it. Etymology While ''Preah'' and ''Reach'' respectively refer to the divine and royal character of the sword, the Khmer word ''Khan'' comes from the similar sword in the Indian subcontinent called ''khanda'' which has its origins in the Sanskrit 'Rocky Pendergrass, 201Mythological Swords Page 10. (खड्ग) or ', from a root ' meaning "to break, divide, cut, destroy". Legend The ''Preah Khan Reach'' is both a historical and legendary sword, which at a certain point, was considered to be a living and magical object. In the 19th century, King Norodom of Cambodia believed that the sword had been made by Vishvakarma. According to another belief, the sword was made by the gods Shiva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceremonial Weapon
A ceremonial weapon is an object used for ceremony, ceremonial purposes to display power or authority. They may be used in parades and as part of military dress uniforms, or presented as gifts on formal occasions. Although they are descended from weapons used in actual combat, they are not normally used as such. Their form and, especially, their finishing and decoration are typically designed to show status and power and to be an impressive sight, rather than for practicality as a weapon. Quite often, ceremonial weapons are constructed with precious metals or other materials that make them too delicate for combat use. With ceremonial swords, an example of this is that the sword may be poorly balanced. Historically, however, many ceremonial weapons were also capable of actual combat, most notably in the military. Ceremonial mace, Maces, halberds, daggers, and swords are the most common form of ceremonial weapons, but in theory almost any weapon can become ceremonial. The Sergeant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayavarman II
Jayavarman II (; – 850, reigned –850) was a Khmer prince who founded and became the ruler of the Khmer Empire (Cambodia) after unifying the Khmer civilization. The Khmer Empire was the dominant civilization in mainland Southeast Asia from the 9th century until the mid-15th century. Jayavarman II was a powerful Khmer king who declared independence from a polity inscriptions named "Java", which most probably refers to the island of Java in the Indonesian archipelago. Jayavarman II founded many capitals such as Mahendraparvata, Indrapura, Amarendrapura, and Hariharalaya. Before Jayavarman II came to power, there was much fighting among local overlords who ruled different parts of Cambodia. The most well known opposition were the Shailendra Kings. In 781, Jayavarman II took action by claiming independence on the land of Chenla. By starting off with small weak kingdoms, he built himself up from there eventually leading to the Khmer Empire. No inscriptions by Jayavarman II have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Looting
Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting. The proceeds of all these activities can be described as booty, loot, plunder, spoils, or pillage. Looting by a victorious army during war has been a common practice throughout recorded history. In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars and particularly after World War II, norms against wartime plunder became widely accepted. In modern armed conflicts, looting is prohibited by international law, and constitutes a war crime.Rule 52. Pillage is prohibited. ''Customary IHL Database'', International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)/Cambridge University Press. |
Ang Duong
Ang Duong ( ; 12 June 1796 – 18 October 1860) was the King of Cambodia from 1848 to his death in 1860. Formally invested in 1848, his rule benefited a kingdom that had suffered from several centuries of royal dissent and decline. His politics focused on sustained national unity and identity and the minimization of foreign interference. He issued the first substantial revision of the legal codex in centuries, and he encouraged and supervised religious and cultural reforms. Confronted with increasing Rattanakosin Kingdom, Siamese and Nguyễn dynasty, Vietnamese encroachment, he attempted to establish an alliance with French colonial empire, colonial France on a sovereign basis. Although this alliance ultimately culminated in the 90-year period of the French protectorate of Cambodia, King Ang Duong's actions were the foundation for the modern united state of Cambodia. Ang Duong ascended the throne with the title ''Preah Karuna Preah Bat Samdech Preah Harireak Reamea Issathipadei An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)
The Siamese–Vietnamese War of 1841–1845 (, , ) was a military conflict between the Đại Nam, ruled by Emperor Thiệu Trị, and the Kingdom of Siam, under the rule of Chakri King Nangklao. The rivalry between Vietnam and Siam over the control of the Cambodian heartlands in the Lower Mekong basin had intensified after Siam had attempted to conquer Cambodia during the previous Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–1834). Vietnamese Emperor Minh Mạng installed Princess Ang Mey to rule Cambodia as a puppet queen regnant of his choice in 1834 and declared full suzerainty over Cambodia, which he demoted to Vietnam's 32nd province, the ''Western Commandery'' ( Tây Thành Province). In 1841, Siam seized the opportunity of discontent to aid the Khmer revolt against Vietnamese rule. King Rama III sent an army to enforce Prince Ang Duong's installation as King of Cambodia. After four years of attrition warfare, both parties agreed to compromise and placed Cambodia under joint rul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ang Mey
Ang Mey ( ; 1815 – December 1874) was a monarch of Cambodia. Her official title was Samdech Preah Mahā Rājinī Ang Mey. She was one of the few female rulers in Cambodia's history, and the first one since Queen Tey. Installed on the Cambodian throne by the Vietnamese, her reign was dominated by the two wars between Siam and the Nguyễn dynasty: the Siamese–Vietnamese War (1833–1834) and the Siamese-Vietnamese War (1841–1845). Queen Ang Mey, also known by her Vietnamese title ''Ngọc-Vân-công-chúa'' (Princess Ngọc Vân), was proclaimed monarch on the death of her father by the Vietnamese faction at court with the title of "Chân Lạp quận chúa" (Duchess of Cambodia) in January 1835, then deposed in August 1840 with the demoted title of "Mỹ-Lâm-quận-chúa" (Duchess of Mỹ Lâm). She was reinstated in 1844, and again removed from the throne by the Vietnamese and taken to Huế with her sisters in 1845. Biography Early life Ang Mey was born in 1815 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ang Chan II
Ang Chan II (; 1791 – 1834) was King of Cambodia from 1806 to his death in 1834. He reigned under the name of Outey Reachea III (). Ang Chan II was the eldest son of Ang Eng, who died in 1796 when Ang Chan II was only five years old. Prince Talaha Pok (, ) was appointed the regent of Cambodia. Ang Chan II was not allowed to go to Cambodia until Pok died in 1806. In 1806, Ang Chan II was crowned king. His two brothers, Ang Em and Ang Snguon. In order to gain power from the two brothers, Ang Chan got closer to the Vietnamese. In the next year, he started to pay tribute to Vietnam. Two Vietnamese officials, Ngô Nhân Tịnh and Trần Công Đàn, came to Longvek and granted him the title ''Cao Miên quốc vương'' ("king of Cambodia"). The Siamese demanded Ang Chan appoint Ang Snguon and Ang Em as the '' uprayorach'' and '' ouparach'', respectively, but Ang Chan refused. In 1811, with the help of the Siamese, Ang Snguon overthrew him. Ang Chan fled to Saigon. His two brot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayavarman VIII
Jayavarman VIII (), posthumous name Paramesvarapada, was one of the prominent kings of the Khmer empire. His rule lasted from 1243 until 1295, when he abdicated. One of his wives was Queen Chakravartirajadevi. He reverted to Hinduism from his father's religion of Buddhism and attempted to destroy Buddhism while patronized Hinduism throughout his regime. It was during the reign of Jayavarman VIII that the Mongol forces under the command of Kublai Khan attacked the Angkor empire in 1283. In 1281, Jayavarman VIII had imprisoned emissaries of the Mongol generalissimo in Champa. In 1283, he decided to pay tribute and buy peace and thus his rule survived. Chinese annals record that in 1291, "the king of Lohu" ambodiasent a mission who presented “the usual tribute of gold, elephant ivory and other things”. In 1290, the Mon people regained their independence.Cœdès, George. (1964) ''Les États hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie Paris''. Jayavarman VIII suffered a devastating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indravarman III
Indravarman III (), also titled Srindravarman () was a ruler of the Khmer Empire from 1295 to 1308. He rose to power after the abdication of his father in law Jayavarman VIII,Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, whose eldest daughter, Srindrabhupesvarachuda, he had married. Indravarman III was a follower of Theravada Buddhism and upon his ascension to power he made it the state religion. He was entrusted with the command of the army. His lover, princess Srindrabhupesvera Cuda, stole the Sacred Sword from the king and gave it to him. The crown prince prepared to resist but Indravarman seized him, had his toes cut off, and then put him in prison. Having put down any resistance to his grab for power, he was then crowned king by the royal hotar Vidyesavid. He then married the princess to legitimize his reign. Later on he married Suryalakshmi, the niece of Vidyesavid. According to legends he was known for his special weapon, a bat made of iro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khmer Empire
The Khmer Empire was an empire in Southeast Asia, centered on Hydraulic empire, hydraulic cities in what is now northern Cambodia. Known as Kambuja (; ) by its inhabitants, it grew out of the former civilization of Chenla and lasted from 802 to 1431. Historians call this period of History of Cambodia, Cambodian history the Angkor period, after the empire's most well-known capital, Angkor. The Khmer Empire ruled or vassalised most of Mainland Southeast Asia and stretched as far north as southern China. The beginning of the Khmer Empire is conventionally dated to 802, when Khmer people, Khmer prince Jayavarman II declared himself ''chakravartin'' (, a title equivalent to 'emperor') in the Phnom Kulen mountains. Although the end of the Khmer Empire has traditionally been marked with the fall of Angkor to the Siamese Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1431, the reasons for the empire's collapse are still debated amongst scholars. Researchers have determined that a period of strong monsoon rains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayavarman VII
Jayavarman VII (), known posthumously as Mahaparamasaugata (, c. 1122–1218), was king of the Khmer Empire. He was the son of King Dharanindravarman II (r. 1150–1160) and Queen Sri Jayarajacudamani. He was the first king devoted to Buddhism, as only one prior Khmer king had been a Buddhist. He then built the Bayon as a monument to Buddhism. Jayavarman VII is generally considered the most powerful of the Khmer monarchs by historians. His government built many projects including hospitals, highways, rest houses, and temples. With Buddhism as his motivation, King Jayavarman VII is credited with introducing a welfare state that served the physical and spiritual needs of the Khmer people. Defeat of the Cham and coronation In 1177 and again in 1178, the Champa, Cham invaded the Khmer Empire. In 1177, Champa King Jaya Indravarman IV launched a surprise attack on the Khmer capital by sailing a fleet up the Mekong River, across Lake Tonlé Sap, and then up the Siem Reap River, a t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
