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Prambanan Temple Compounds
Prambanan Temple Compounds is the World Heritage designation of a group of Hindu temple compounds that lie on the border between Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia. It comprises Prambanan, Lumbung, Bubrah and Sewu temple compounds, all are located within Prambanan Archaeological Park. These temples are known locally as ''candi'' in Indonesian and Javanese languages. The temple compounds are located along Opak River valley within Prambanan Plain or Kewu Plain, an archaeologically rich area dotted with numerous Hindu temples dated from the 8th and 9th centuries CE, historically linked with the Mataram kingdom. The diversity and sophistication of the temple compounds and archaeological sites in this area are comparable to Angkor archaeological site in Cambodia. History The temple compounds date from the 8th to 9th century CE, linked with historic Mataram Kingdom that ruled Central Java during that period. Shailendras, the ruling family of the kingdom were known as the avid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Region Of Yogyakarta
The Special Region of Yogyakarta (; id, Daerah Istimewa (D.I.) Yogyakarta) is a provincial-level autonomous region of Indonesia in southern Java. It has also been known as the Special Territory of Yogyakarta. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south, as well as sharing all the land borders to the province of Central Java. Co-ruled by the Yogyakarta Sultanate and the Duchy of Pakualaman, the region is the only officially recognized diarchy within the government of Indonesia. The city of Yogyakarta is a popular tourist destination and cultural center of the region. The Yogyakarta Sultanate was established in 1755 and provided unwavering support for Indonesia's independence during the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949). As a first-level division in Indonesia, Yogyakarta is governed by Sultan Hamengkubuwono X as the governor and Prince Paku Alam as the vice governor. With a land area of just 3,185.8km2, it is the second-smallest province-level entity of Indon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mataram Kingdom
The Mataram Kingdom (, jv, ꦩꦠꦫꦩ꧀, ) was a Javanese people, Javanese Hinduism, Hindu–Buddhism, Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 11th centuries. It was based in Central Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sri Sanjaya, Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Shailendra dynasty and Ishana dynasty. During most of its history the kingdom seems have relied heavily on agriculture, especially extensive rice farming, and later also benefited from maritime trade. According to foreign sources and archaeological findings, the kingdom seems to have been well populated and quite prosperous. The kingdom developed a complex society, had a well developed culture, and achieved a degree of sophistication and refined civilisation. In the period between the late 8th century and the mid-9th century, the kingdom saw the blossoming of classical Javanese art and architecture reflected in the rapid growth of Candi of Indonesia, temple construction. Temples d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800. During the 19th century, the Dutch possessions and hegemony expanded, reaching the greatest territorial extent in the early 20th century. The Dutch East Indies was one of the most valuable colonies under European rule, and contributed to Dutch global prominence in spice and cash crop trade in the 19th to early 20th centuries. The colonial social order was based on rigid racial and social structures with a Dutch elite living separate from but linked to their native subjects. The term ''Indonesia'' came into use for the geographical location after 1880. In the early 20th century, local intellectuals began developing the concept of Indonesia as a nation state, and set the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Java
The French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies were a relatively short period of First French Empire, French and then British Empire, British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies that took place between 1806 and 1816. The French ruled between 1806 and 1811, while the British took over for 1811 to 1816 and transferred its control back to the Dutch in 1816. The fall of the Netherlands to the First French Empire, French Empire and the dissolution of the Dutch East India Company led to some profound changes in the European colonial administration of the East Indies, as one of the Napoleonic Wars was Invasion of Java (1811), fought in Java. This period, which lasted for almost a decade, witnessed a tremendous change in Java, as vigorous infrastructure and defence projects took place, followed by battles, reformation and major changes of administration in the colony. Introduction In 1800, Dutch East India Company ( nl, Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, links=no (VOC) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Merapi
Mount Merapi, ''Gunung Merapi'' (literally Fire Mountain in Indonesian and Javanese), is an active stratovolcano located on the border between the province of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548. It is located approximately north of Yogyakarta city which has a population of 2.4 million, and thousands of people live on the flanks of the volcano, with villages as high as above sea level. Smoke can often be seen emerging from the mountaintop, and several eruptions have caused fatalities. A pyroclastic flow from a large explosion killed 27 people on 22 November 1994, mostly in the town of Muntilan, west of the volcano. Another large eruption occurred in 2006, shortly before the Yogyakarta earthquake. In light of the hazards that Merapi poses to populated areas, it was designated as one of the Decade Volcanoes. On the afternoon of 25 October 2010, Merapi erupted on its s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shivagrha Inscription
The Shivagrha inscription is an inscription from the Mataram Kingdom of Central Java, dated in ''chandrasengkala'' (chronogram) ''”Wwalung Gunung sang wiku”'', that is, the year 856 CE (or 778 in the native Saka Calendar). The inscription was inscribed by order of Dyah Lokapala ( Rakai Kayuwangi) right after the end of Rakai Pikatan's reign, and gave a detailed description of a grand temple compound dedicated to Shiva called ''Shivagrha'' ("the House of Shiva"), corresponding to the Prambanan temple compound. A public water project to change the course of a river near Shivagrha Temple is also mentioned in this inscription. The river, identified as the Opak River, now runs north to south on the western side of the Prambanan temple compound. Historians suggest that originally the river was curved further to east and was deemed too near to the main temple. The project was done by cutting the river along a north to south axis along the outer wall of the Shivagrha Temple compoun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakai Pikatan
Rakai Pikatan was a king of the Sanjaya dynasty Mataram Kingdom in Central Java who built the Prambanan temple, dedicated to Shiva, which was completed in 856 AD. Rakai Pikatan was also called Mpu Manuku. The monarch of the Mataram Kingdom before Rakai Pikatan was Samaratungga of the Shailendra Dynasty. He had one son, Balaputra, and one daughter, Pramodhawardhani. Rakai Pikatan and the Sanjaya dynasty were Shivaite Hindus and is recorded in the Wantil Inscription as having married a daughter of another religion. This is most likely Pramodhawardhani, the Mahayana Buddhist daughter of Samaratungga. It's believed that Pikatan fought his brother in law Balaputra, forcing him to move to Srivijaya in 856. Other interpretations based on the Kayumwungan inscription put Balaputra as Pramodhawardhani's uncle rather than her brother as inscriptions only list Pramodhawaradhani as a child of Samaratungga. Hence, Balaputra went to Srivijaya not because of force but because he had no claim as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manjusrigrha Inscription
The Manjusrigrha inscription is an inscription dated 714 Saka (792 CE), written in Old Malay with Old Javanese script. The inscription was discovered in 1960 on the right side of stairs entrance of Sewu ''pervara'' (guardian or complementary smaller temple) no. 202 on west side. This inscription is linked to Sewu temple. According to this inscription, the original name of Sewu temple compound is probably Manjusrigrha. Sewu temple is located approximately 800 meters north of Prambanan temple, Central Java, Indonesia. The inscription was carved on an andesite stone block measured 71 cm x 42 cm x 29 cm. Contents Transcription Transcription according to Badan Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Jawa Tengahː // Śri swasti śakawarsātīta 714 kārttika māsa caturddaśi śuklapaksa śukra wāra wās pon tatkālānda daŋ nāyaka di raaanada lūrawaŋ nāmanda mawrddhi diŋ wajrāsana mañjuśrīgrha nāmāñan prāsāda tlas si(d)a maŋdrsti mañamwah si(d)a di daŋ hya� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panangkaran
Dyah Pancapana (7 October 746 – 1 April 784) or regnal name Śrī Mahārāja Dyaḥ Pañcapaṇa Kariyāna Paṇaṃkaraṇa Śrī Saṅgrāmadhanañjaya, was the second king of Mataram from the Shailendra dynasty whose kingdom was centered on the Java island Indonesia. He was the immediate successor of Sri Sanjaya, the founder of Sanjaya Dynasty as mentioned in the Kalasan inscription. The name of Panangkaran is mentioned in the Balitung charter (found in the Kedu Plain area) as the line of kings who were named as the 'builders of kraton'. In the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Java observed rivalries between two dynasties. The first four Sanjaya Dynasty lines after King Sanjaya (Panangkaran, Panunggalan, Warak and Garung), which was known as the ''Amrati Kings'', competed over their power and religious influences with the Sailendras princes in the south of central Java who had arisen since 779. The Sanjayas were Hindus while Sailendras were Buddhists. There was only an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sari Temple
The Sari Temple ( id, Candi Sari also known as ''Candi Bendan'') is an 8th-century Buddhist temple A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for Buddhists, the followers of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represen ... located at Dusun Bendan, Tirtomartani village, Kalasan, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is located about northeast of the Kalasan temple. The temple was a two-story building with wooden beams, floors, stairs completed with windows and doors; all from organic materials which now are decayed and gone. It is suggested that the original function of this building was a vihara ( Buddhist monastery), a dwelling place for monks.The information board at the Sari Temple vicinity The temple's name ''Sari'' or ''Saré'' translates as "to sleep" in Javanese, which also confirms the habitation nature of the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalasan
Kalasan ( id, Candi Kalasan, Javanese: ''Candhi Kalasan''), also known as Candi Kalibening, is an 8th-century Buddhist temple in Java, Indonesia. It is located east of Yogyakarta on the way to Prambanan temple, on the south side of the main road Jalan Solo between Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Administratively, it is located in the Kalasan District (''kapanewon'') of Sleman Regency. History According to the Kalasan inscription dated 778 AD, written in Sanskrit using Pranagari script, the temple was erected by the will of ''Guru Sang Raja Sailendravamçatilaka'' (the Jewel of Sailendra family) who succeeded in persuading Maharaja Tejapurnapana Panangkaran (in another part of the inscription also called Kariyana Panangkaran) to construct ''Tarabhavanam'', a holy building for the goddess (boddhisattvadevi) Tara. In addition, a Vihara (monastery) was built for Buddhist monks from the Sailendra family's realm. Panangkaran awarded the Kalaça village to Sangha (buddhist monastic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shailendra Dynasty
The Shailendra dynasty (, derived from Sanskrit combined words ''Śaila'' and ''Indra'', meaning "King of the Mountain", also spelled Sailendra, Syailendra or Selendra) was the name of a notable Indianised dynasty that emerged in 8th-century Java, whose reign signified a cultural renaissance in the region. The Shailendras were active promoters of Mahayana Buddhism with the glimpses of Hinduism, and covered the Kedu Plain of Central Java with Buddhist monuments, one of which is the colossal stupa of Borobudur, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Shailendras are considered to have been a thalassocracy and ruled vast swathes of maritime Southeast Asia, however they also relied on agricultural pursuits, by way of intensive rice cultivation on the Kedu Plain of Central Java. The dynasty appeared to be the ruling family of both the Mataram Kingdom of Central Java, for some period, and the Srivijaya Kingdom in Sumatra. The inscriptions created by Shailendras use three languages; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_p281_-_RUINEN_VAN_PRAMBANAN%2C_TJANDI_SEWOE.jpg "Click for more on -> Mataram Kingdom")
