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Postal Reorganization Act
The Postal Reorganization Act of 1970 was a law passed by the United States Congress that abolished the then U.S. Post Office Department, which was a part of the Cabinet, and created the U.S. Postal Service, a corporation-like independent agency authorized by the U.S. government as an official service for the delivery of mail in the United States. President Richard Nixon signed the Act in law on August 12, 1970. The legislation was a direct outcome of the U.S. postal strike of 1970. Prior to the act, postal workers were not permitted by law to engage in collective bargaining. In the act, the four major postal unions ( National Association of Letter Carriers, American Postal Workers Union, National Postal Mail Handlers Union, and the National Rural Letter Carriers' Association) won full collective bargaining rights: the right to negotiate on wages, benefits and working conditions, although they still were not allowed the right to strike. The first paragraph of the act reads ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he previously served as the 36th Vice President of the United States, vice president under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1961, and also as a United States House of Representatives, representative and United States Senate, senator from California. Presidency of Richard Nixon, His presidency saw the reduction of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, ''détente'' with the Soviet Union and China, the Apollo 11 Moon landing, and the establishment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Nixon's second term ended early when he became the only U.S. president to resign from office, as a result of the Watergate scandal. Nixon was born ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Postal Workers Union
The American Postal Workers Union (APWU) is a trade union, labor union in the United States. It represents over 200,000 employees and retirees of the United States Postal Service who belong to the Clerk, Maintenance, Motor Vehicle, and Support Services divisions. It also represents approximately 2,000 private-sector mail workers. History Postal workers in the United States first won collective bargaining rights after the U.S. postal strike of 1970. Two organizations of postal clerks emerged in the 1890s; they merged in 1899 into the United National Association of Post Office Clerks (UNAPOC). It was too conservative for the AFL, which in 1906 sponsored the National Federation of Post Office Clerks (NFPOC), which soon surpassed the UNAPOC. NFPOC grew from 16,000 members in 1922, to 36,000 in 1932, and nearly 50,000 by 1940. It did not engage in strikes, but spent much of its efforts in opposing hostile Congressional legislation. Additional rivals were formed in the 1930s, but the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postal Service Act
The Postal Service Act was a piece of United States federal legislation that established the United States Post Office Department. It was signed into law by President George Washington on February 20, 1792. History William Goddard, a Patriot printer frustrated that the Royal Mail was unable to reliably deliver his '' Pennsylvania Chronicle'' to its readers or deliver critical news for the paper to Goddard, laid out a plan for the "Constitutional Post" before the Continental Congress on October 5, 1774. Congress waited to act on the plan until after the Battle of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. Benjamin Franklin promoted Goddard's plan and was appointed as the first postmaster general under the Continental Congress beginning on July 26, 1775, nearly one year before the Congress declared independence from the British Crown. Franklin's son-in-law, Richard Bache, took over the position on November 7, 1776, when Franklin became an American emissary to France. Frank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post Office Act Of 1872
The Post Office Consolidation Act of 1872, formally entitled as the Act to revise, consolidate, and amend the Statutes relating to the Post-office Department (, enacted June 8, 1872) consolidated the United States Post Office Department into the Cabinet of the United States. It is most notable for a rider enacted under section 148; this was the first provision in what later became known as the Comstock Act of 1873. See also * Postal Service Act * United States Postal Service * Postal Reorganization Act The Postal Reorganization Act of 1970 was a law passed by the United States Congress that abolished the then U.S. Post Office Department, which was a part of the Cabinet, and created the U.S. Postal Service, a corporation-like independent agen ... References 1872 in American law obscenity law United States federal postal legislation {{US-fed-statute-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornell Law School
Cornell Law School is the law school of Cornell University, a private university, private, Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York. One of the five Ivy League law schools, Cornell Law School offers four degree programs (Juris Doctor, JD, Master of Laws, LLM, Master of Studies in Law, MSLS and Doctor of Juridical Science, JSD) along with several dual-degree programs in conjunction with other professional schools at the university. It was established in 1887 as Cornell University's Department of Law. Currently, the school graduates around 200 students each year. Cornell Law School is home to the Legal Information Institute (LII), the ''Journal of Empirical Legal Studies'', the ''Cornell Law Review'', the ''Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy'', and the ''Cornell International Law Journal''. History 19th century The Law Department at Cornell opened in 1887 in Morrill Hall (Cornell University), Morrill Hall with Judge Douglass Boardman as its first dean. At that time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ithaca, New York
Ithaca () is a city in and the county seat of Tompkins County, New York, United States. Situated on the southern shore of Cayuga Lake in the Finger Lakes region of New York (state), New York, Ithaca is the largest community in the Ithaca metropolitan statistical area. It is named after the Greek island of Ithaca (island), Ithaca. As of 2020, the city's population was 32,108. A college town, Ithaca is home to Cornell University, an Ivy League university, and Ithaca College. Nearby is Tompkins Cortland Community College (TC3), located in Dryden, New York, Dryden. History 17th century Native Americans lived in this area for thousands of years. When reached by Europeans, this area was controlled by the Cayuga people, Cayuga tribe of Indians, one of the five tribes comprising the Iroquois, Iroquois Confederacy. Society of Jesus, Jesuit missionaries from New France in present-day Quebec had a mission to convert the Cayuga as early as 1657. 18th century Saponi and Tutelo peoples ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Information Institute
The Legal Information Institute (LII) is a non-profit public service of Cornell Law School that provides no-cost access to current American and international legal research sources online. Founded in 1992 by Peter Martin and Tom Bruce, LII was the first law site developed on the internet. LII electronically publishes on the Web the U.S. Code, U.S. Supreme Court opinions, Uniform Commercial Code, the US Code of Federal Regulations, several Federal Rules, and a variety of other American primary law materials.. LII also provides access to other national and international sources, such as treaties and United Nations materials. According to its website, the LII serves over 40 million unique visitors per year. Since its inception, the Legal Information Institute has inspired others around the world to develop namesake operations. These services are part of the Free Access to Law Movement. History LII was established in 1992 at Cornell Law School by Peter Martin and Tom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Of Information Act (United States)
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA ), , is the United States federal Freedom of information in the United States, freedom of information law that requires the full or partial disclosure of previously unreleased or uncirculated information and documents controlled by the U.S. government upon request. The act defines agency records subject to disclosure, outlines mandatory disclosure procedures, and includes nine exemptions that define categories of information not subject to disclosure. The act was intended to make U.S. government agencies' functions more transparent so that the American public could more easily identify problems in government functioning and put pressure on United States Congress, Congress, agency officials, and the President of the United States, president to address them. The FOIA has been changed repeatedly by both the legislative and executive branches. The FOIA is commonly known for being invoked by News agency, news organizations for reporting purposes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Rural Letter Carriers' Association
The National Rural Letter Carriers' Association (NRLCA) is an American labor union that represents the rural letter carriers of the United States Postal Service (USPS). The NRLCA negotiates all labor agreements for the rural carrier craft with the USPS, including salaries, and represents members of the rural carrier craft in the grievance procedure. The NRLCA's stated goal is to "improve the methods used by rural letter carriers, to benefit their conditions of labor with the United States Postal Service, and to promote a fraternal spirit among its members." Membership To join the NRLCA, one must be employed by the USPS in the rural carrier craft as a rural carrier associate (RCA), substitute rural carrier, rural carrier relief (RCR), part-time flexible (PTF), assistant rural carrier (ARC) or regular carrier (designation code 71). The NRLCA provides information and fellowship for its members at county, district, state and national meetings where all members may participate in a demo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Postal Mail Handlers Union
The National Postal Mail Handlers Union (NPMHU) is a progressive labor union representing more than 50,000 Mail Handler craft members in United States Postal Service facilities across the United States. History The union was founded in New Jersey on August 7, 1912, as the National Association of Postal Mail Laborers of the United States, representing guards and messengers in addition to laborers. By 1925, the union had 1,023 members. In 1937, it was chartered by the American Federation of Labor, as the National Association of Post Office and Railway Mail Laborers. The union renamed itself as the National Association of Postal Mail Handlers in 1947. It transferred to the new AFL–CIO in 1955, and by 1957 had grown to 9,000 members. Also in 1955, it lengthened its name, to become the National Association of Post Office and Postal Transportation Service Mail Handlers, Watchmen and Messengers. On May 14, 1968, with 32,800 members, it merged into the Laborers' International ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Association Of Letter Carriers
The National Association of Letter Carriers (NALC) is an American labor union, representing non-rural letter carriers employed by the United States Postal Service. It was founded in 1889. The NALC has 2,500 local branches representing letter carriers in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Guam. History Letter carriers were the first postal workers to form their own union. They had tried to organize a national union at least three times—in 1870 in Washington, D.C., in 1877 in New York City, and in 1880 again in New York City. Recognizing that these earlier attempts had failed in part due to the expense of regularly convening enough carriers to sustain a national organization, in 1889 the Milwaukee Letter Carriers Association decided to time their call for another national meeting of carriers to coincide with the annual reunion of the Grand Army of the Republic—an organization of Union Army veterans—so that letter carriers who were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Congress
The United States Congress is the legislature, legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, including a Lower house, lower body, the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives, and an Upper house, upper body, the United States Senate, U.S. Senate. They both meet in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. Members of Congress are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a Governor (United States), governor's appointment. Congress has a total of 535 voting members, a figure which includes 100 United States senators, senators and 435 List of current members of the United States House of Representatives, representatives; the House of Representatives has 6 additional Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives, non-voting members. The vice president of the United States, as President of the Senate, has a vote in the Senate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
