|
Porsche 911 (996)
The Porsche 996 is the fifth generation of the 911 model sports car manufactured by the German automaker Porsche from 1997 until 2006. It was replaced by the 997 in 2004, but the high performance Turbo S, GT2 and GT3 variants remained in production until 2006. The 996 had little in common with its predecessor, with the first all new chassis platform since the original 911 and a new water-cooled engine. Technically, it was a major change, a complete break from the original car other than the overall layout. The 996's development was shared with the roadster-only Porsche Boxster (986) whose nameplate was making its debut as Porsche's entry-level offering. The 986 was released shortly before the 996 for sales. Commonalities between the 996 and 986 included the front suspension, various interior components, and the engine, all of which were enlarged for the 996. However, the multi-link rear suspension was derived from the preceding 993. This was done mainly to save development cost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porsche 911
The Porsche 911 model series (pronounced ''Nine Eleven'' or in ) is a family of German two-door, high performance Rear-engine design, rear-engine sports cars, introduced in September 1964 by Porsche, Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. Now in its eighth generation, all 911s have a rear-mounted flat-six engine, and usually 2+2 (car body style), 2+2 seating, except for special 2-seater variants. Originally, 911s had Air-cooled engine, air-cooled engines, and torsion bar suspension, but the 911 has been continuously enhanced, and evolved across generations. Though the 911 core concept has remained largely unchanged,Corlett, p. 12 water-cooled engines were introduced with the Porsche 996, 996 series in 1998, and front and rear suspension have been replaced by Porsche-specific MacPherson strut, MacPherson suspension up front, and independent multi-link rear suspension. The 911 has been raced extensively by private and factory teams, in a variety of classes. It is among the most succes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat-6
A flat-six engine, also known as a horizontally opposed-six, is a six-cylinder Internal combustion engine#Reciprocating engines, piston engine with three cylinders on each side of a central crankshaft. The most common type of flat-six engine is the boxer-six engine, where each pair of opposed cylinders moves inwards and outwards at the same time. An alternative configuration for flat engines is a 180-degree V engine, where both cylinders move to the right then the left at the same time. The advantages of the flat-six layout are good engine balance (for reduced vibration), a low center of gravity, short length (compared with an inline-six engine) and being well suited to air-cooling. The disadvantages are a large width (which can limit the maximum steering angle when used in a front-engined car), a large intake manifold being required when a central carburetor is used, and duplication of the inlet and outlet connections for water-cooled engines. The first production flat-six engin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multi-link Suspension
A multi-link suspension is a type of independent vehicle suspension having three or more control links per wheel. These arms do not have to be of equal length, and may be angled away from their "obvious" direction. It was first introduced in the late 1960s on the Mercedes-Benz C111 and later on their W201 and W124 series. Typically each arm has a spherical joint (ball joint) or rubber bushing at each end. Consequently, they react to loads along their own length, in tension and compression, but not in bending. Some multi-links do use a trailing arm, control arm or wishbone, which has two bushings at one end. On a front suspension one of the lateral arms is replaced by the tie-rod, which connects the rack or steering box to the wheel hub. Layout In order to simplify understanding, it is usual to consider the function of the arms in each of three orthogonal planes: *Top view: The arms have to control toe/steer and lateral compliance. This needs a pair of arms longitudina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porsche Boxster (986)
The Porsche 986 is the internal designation for the first generation Porsche Boxster/Cayman, Boxster, a Mid-engine design, mid-engine two-seater Roadster (automobile), roadster built by German automobile manufacturer Porsche. Introduced in late 1996, the Boxster, based on the 1993 Boxster Concept, was Porsche's first road vehicle to be originally designed as a roadster since the Porsche 914. The Boxster's name is derived from the word "boxer", referring to the vehicle's flat or "boxer engine, boxer" engine, and the name "speedster", first seen on the 356. Powered by a 2.5-litre Flat-6, flat six-cylinder engine, the base model was upgraded to a 2.7-litre engine in the year 2000 and a new Boxster S variant was introduced with a 3.2-litre engine. In 2003, styling and engine output was upgraded on both variants. The 986 was succeeded by the Porsche 987, 987 which retained the Boxster roadster and added the Cayman fixed-roof coupé body style. The 986 stimulated a commercial turnarou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porsche
Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG, usually shortened to Porsche (; see below), is a German automobile manufacturer specializing in luxury, high-performance sports cars, SUVs and sedans, headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The company is owned by Volkswagen AG, a controlling stake of which is owned by Porsche Automobil Holding SE, usually shortened to Porsche SE. Porsche's current lineup includes the 718, 911, Panamera, Macan, Cayenne and Taycan. The origins of the company date to the 1930s when German Bohemian automotive engineer Ferdinand Porsche founded Porsche with Adolf Rosenberger, a keystone figure in the creation of German automotive manufacturer and Audi precursor Auto Union, and Austrian businessman Anton Piëch, who was, at the time, also Ferdinand Porsche's son in law. In its early days, it was contracted by the German government to create a vehicle for the masses, which later became the Volkswagen Beetle. After World War II, when Ferd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sports Car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as Automobile handling, handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and Auto racing, racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world. Definition Definitions of sports cars often relate to how the car design is optimised for dynamic performance, without any specific minimum requirements; both a Triumph Spitfire and Ferrari 488 Pista can be considered sports cars, despite vastly different levels of performance. Broader definitions of sports cars include cars "in which performance takes precedence over carrying capacity", or that emphasise the "thrill of driving" or are marketed "using the excitement of speed and the glamour of the (race)track" However, other people have more specific definitions, such as "must be a two-seater or a 2+2 seater" or a car with two seats only. In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harm Lagaay
Harm Lagaay is a Dutch automobile designer. Biography He was educated in the Netherlands where he completed the studies at the IVA and went to work for the Dutch company Olyslager in Soest. In the late 1960s, Lagaay went to work for Simca, then from 1971 for Porsche. He worked in the team designing the Porsche 911 and designed the Porsche 924. From 1977, Lagaay worked as Chief of Design for Ford in Cologne, and moved to BMW in 1985. Lagaay designed the BMW Z1 sports car, with electric doors hiding under the car's chassis and easily exchangeable body panels. This car was too advanced for its times and did not have commercial success, as only 8000 were sold. Today, the BMW Z1 is a collector's item. He returned to Porsche in 1989 as head of the "Style Porsche" department in Weissach.http://newsroom.porsche.com/en/products/one-icon-four-designers-10714.html ''One icon, four designers'' As well as the Porsches of the period – the 968, 989 (the stillborn four door Porsche), 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinky Lai
Pinky Lai (賴平 ''Lai Ping'', born 20 March 1951) is an automotive designer. Lai is noted for his design work at Ford, BMW, and Porsche AG. During Lai's tenure at Porsche from January 1989 until his retirement in 2014, he was chief designer responsible for the exterior designs of 996 series of the Porsche 911 as well as both the Porsche 987 Boxster and Cayman. Background Born and raised in Quarry Bay, Hong Kong, Lai moved to Rome in 1972, where he studied and received a BA in industrial design at the Istituto Superiore per le Industrie Artistiche. After seeing an opening for car designer at Ford of Germany, in 1978 Lai received a two-year full scholarship for master's degree study on transportation design at the RCA Royal College of Art in London. In 1980, winner and recipient of the John Ogier Memorial Design Bursary of the Royal Society of Arts. Career After his graduation from RCA in 1980, he started working for the Fordwerke in Cologne, Germany. In 1982–83 he w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porsche 997
The Porsche 997 is the sixth generation of the Porsche 911 sports car manufactured and sold by the German automobile manufacturer Porsche. It was sold between 2004 (for the 2005 model year) and 2013. Production of the Carrera and Carrera S coupé began in early 2004, and the all-wheel drive Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S began to be delivered to customers in November 2005. Deliveries of the Turbo and GT3 derivatives were carried out in late 2006, along with the GT2 in 2007. In addition to the coupé and cabriolet versions, Targa versions of the Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S were also available, which continued the trend of the "glass canopy" roof design utilized during the 993 and 996 generations. This was later reverted to the classic targa top layout used in earlier models of the 911 Targa with the introduction of the 991 generation. The 997 was an evolution of the preceding 996, with significant changes being made to the interior and exterior styling (the most notable of these being the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porsche 993
The Porsche 911, internally type 993, is the fourth generation of the 911 model of Porsche sports car, manufactured and sold between 1994 and 1998 (model years 1995–1998 in the United States), replacing the 911, type 964. Its discontinuation marked the end of air-cooled 911 models. The 993 was much improved over and quite different from its predecessor. According to Porsche, "every part of the car was designed from the ground up, including the engine"AutoTraderClassics.com — Article Finding Porsche's best road car — Porsche 911S vs 993. but nevertheless "only 20% of its parts were carried over from the prior 911". Porsche refers to the 993 as "a significant advance, not just from a technical, but also a visual perspective." The external design of the Porsche 993 was penned by English designer Tony Hatter. It retained the core cabin and body shell architecture of the 964 and prior 911 model iterations, but exterior panels were revised with much more flared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5G-Tronic
5G-Tronic is Mercedes-Benz's trademark name for its 5-speed automatic transmission, starting off with the W5A 580 and W5A 330 (Wandler-5-Gang-Automatik bis 580 oder 330 Nm Eingangsdrehmoment; converter-5-gear-automatic with or maximum input torque; type 722.6) as core models. (not true, it does not exist such a transmission, it is only 5-Speed Automatic MB) It replaced the older 4-speed 4G-Tronic transmission-family and its 5-speed derivative, and was replaced by the much more complex and costly 7-speed Mercedes-Benz 7G-Tronic (model W7A 700 · type 722.9) transmission with 11 main components introduced in 2003. Due to its high torque capacity (up to ) and lower cost, it was retained for turbocharged V12 engines, 4-cylinder applications and commercial vehicles for almost a decade. It is still being built for niche applications (e.g. Sprinter with petrol/CNG M111 engine, Jeep Wrangler, etc.). Specifications Layout The 5G-Tronic (model W5A 330 and W5A 580 · type 722.6) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Transmission
An automatic transmission (AT) or automatic gearbox is a multi-speed transmission (mechanics), transmission used in motor vehicles that does not require any input from the driver to change forward gears under normal driving conditions. The 1904 Sturtevant "horseless carriage gearbox" is often considered to be the first true automatic transmission. The first mass-produced automatic transmission is the General Motors ''Hydramatic'' two-speed hydraulic automatic, which was introduced in 1939. Automatic transmissions are especially prevalent in vehicular drivetrains, particularly those subject to intense mechanical acceleration and frequent idle/transient operating conditions; commonly commercial/passenger/utility vehicles, such as buses and waste collection vehicles. Prevalence Vehicles with internal combustion engines, unlike electric vehicles, require the engine to operate in a narrow range of rates of rotation, requiring a gearbox, operated manually or automatically, to drive t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
