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Popular Socialist Vanguard
The ''Vanguardia Popular Socialista'' (VPS; ) was a nationalist Chilean politics, Chilean political party created in 1938. It was the direct heir of the National Socialist Movement of Chile (MNS) and founded as a consequence of the failed fascist coup in 1938 and Seguro Obrero Massacre, its repression. It included Jorge González von Marées, while former MNS member Carlos Keller refused to join it. Initially allied with the Chilean left, The party moved back to positions similar to the far-right MNS in 1940. The VPS obtained 2.5% at the 1941 Chilean legislative election, 1941 legislative elections, having two deputies elected, one of them being Jorge González von Marées.Cruz-Coke, Ricardo. 1984. ''Historia electoral de Chile. 1925-1973''. Editorial Jurídica de Chile. Santiago. The VPS was dissolved in 1942, the majority of its members joining Juan Gómez Millas' far-right '. References Antisemitism in Chile Political parties established in 1939 Political parties dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilean Politics
Chile's government is a representative democratic republic, in which the President of Chile serves as both head of state and head of government, within a formal multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and their cabinet. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the National Congress. The judiciary operates independently of both the executive and legislative branches. The Constitution of Chile was approved in a national plebiscite in September 1980, during the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, and came into effect in March 1981. After Pinochet was voted out of office in 1988, the Constitution was amended the following year to simplify the process for future amendments. In September 2006, President Ricardo Lagos signed into law several constitutional amendments passed by Congress. These reforms included eliminating the positions of appointed senators and senators for life, granting the President the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Socialist Movement Of Chile
The National Socialist Movement of Chile () was a political movement in Chile during the Presidential Republic Era with an associated National Socialist party. It initially supported the ideas of Adolf Hitler, although it later moved towards a more local form of fascism. They were commonly known as ''Nacistas''. Development The movement was formed in April 1932 by General Diaz Valderrama, Carlos Keller (the main ideologue of the group) and Jorge González von Marées, who became leader. The party initially followed the ideas of Nazism closely, stressing antisemitism. It received financial support from the German population of Chile and soon built up a membership of 20,000 people. The movement stressed what it saw as the need for one-party rule, corporatism and solidarity between classes, and soon set up its own paramilitary wing, the Tropas Nacistas de Asalto.Stanley G. Payne, ''A History of Fascism: 1914–1945'', London: Routledge, 2001, p. 341 However support for Hitler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seguro Obrero Massacre
The Seguro Obrero massacre () occurred on 5 September 1938, and was the Chilean government's response to an attempted coup d'état by the National Socialist Movement of Chile (MNSCh), whose members were known at the time as ("Nazis"). Known for their affinity towards violence in order to attain their goals, their occupation of the central building at the University of Chile and the Seguro Obrero building was responded to quickly and harshly by the Chilean government and the carabineros. After the failed coup, which involved a stand-off and shootout where one Nacista and one police officer (carabinero) were killed, the Nacistas surrendered after receiving assurances of not being harmed. However, the police then broke their promise and summarily executed the Nacistas, allegedly under the orders of President Arturo Alessandri. A total of 59 Nacistas were massacred, with only four of the rebels managing to escape. Two Seguro Obrero's employees were killed as well in the confusion. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jorge González Von Marées
Jorge González von Marées (4 April 1900 – 14 March 1962), also known as ''El Jefe'' ( Spanish: ''The chief'', analogous to the Führer) was a Chilean political figure and author who served two terms as a member of the Chamber of Deputies and as mayor of Ñuñoa. Born in Santiago to Sofía von Marées Sommer, a German noble mother and niece of Hans von Marées, and Marcial González Azócar, physician and founder of ''Clínica Alemana''. He studied in Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera, an elite public school back then, later studying Law and Engineering, the latter incomplete, in Universidad de Chile, Chile's most prestigious public university. He was ideologically influenced by Oswald Spengler. On 5 April 1932 he founded the National Socialist Movement of Chile to oppose democratism, americanism, and communism. González von Marées organized a failed coup d'état attempt on 5 September 1938, in which 60 young ''nacista'' members were shot to death ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Keller
Carlos Keller Rueff (January 3, 1898 – February 28, 1974) was a far-right Chilean writer, historian, and political figure. Early years Keller was born in Concepción, Chile, into a family of German origin and completed his education at universities in Germany.Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'' He received his doctorate in 1921 and soon became known as a student of Chilean historian Alberto Edwards and Oswald Spengler, with whom he had struck up a friendship in Germany. His first book, ''Spengler y la Situaciòn Politica Cultural de la America Iberica'' (1927) argued for a strong hierarchical basis to Latin American politics in order to preserve Spanish identity. Emergence of the ''Nacis'' Upon returning to Chile he served as chairman of the cultural organisation the German-Chilean League and in this role had helped to introduce Spengler's thoughts to a Chilean audience. Such was Keller's reputation that when the ''Ibero-Amerikanische ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1941 Chilean Legislative Election
The Correlates of War project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 3.49 million. However, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program estimates that the subsequent year, 1942, was the deadliest such year. Death toll estimates for both 1941 and 1942 range from 2.28 to 7.71 million each. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January–August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar Euthanasia Centre in Germany, in the first phase of mass killings under the Aktion T4 program here. * January 1 – Thailand's Prime Minister Plaek Phibunsongkhram decrees January 1 as the official start of the Thai solar calendar new year (thus the previous year that began April 1 had only 9 months). * January 3 – A decree (''Normalschrifterlass'') promulgated in Germany by Martin Bormann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Gómez Millas
Juan Gómez Millas (; July 18, 1900 – March 16, 1987) was a Chilean politician and educator. In 1925, he was accepted as a professor of universal history from the Pedagogical Institute. Years later, he became director of the Institute of History and Geography at the same university, where he devoted himself to promoting ideas for change in education in Chile. In 1931, he was appointed general secretary of the organization. During his administration, he created the Editorial Universitaria and Welfare Department. He would later be elected Dean of the Faculty of Education. Gómez Millas was founder of the far-right political party , which existed from 1943 until 1945. Gómez Millas aligned the party with Nazism and Fascist Italy. The party dissolved after the end of WWII. In 1952, he was appointed Minister of Education by President Ibáñez, a position he was a year before he was elected rector of the University of Chile The University of Chile () is a public university, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antisemitism In Chile
Antisemitism in Chile started in early Chilean history during Spanish colonization and settlement. Now on the decline, antisemitism has resurfaced throughout the country's history to include the 20th-century Nazism of some Chileans with German heritage. Chileans today have a positive view of the country's estimated 32,000 Jews or less than 1% of the population. History of Judaism in Chile Jewish presence in Chile is as old as the history of that country. Over time, Chile has received several contingents of Jewish immigrants. Currently, the Jewish community in Chile comes mainly from the migrations occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries, mostly of Ashkenazi background. Chile is home to the third-largest Jewish community in South America. Spanish colonization and settlement The first Jews arrived in Chile with the Spanish ''conquistadors''. These were Jewish converts to Catholicism because, at the time of the Inquisition, had to hide their Jewish origin living. Most of thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Parties Established In 1939
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Parties Disestablished In 1942
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Political Parties In Chile
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Defunct may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the process of becoming antiquated, out of date, old-fashioned, no longer in general use, or no longer useful, or the condition of being in such a state. When used in a biological sense, it means imperfect or rudimentary when comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
