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Popular Socialist Party (Mexico)
The Popular Socialist Party (, PPS) is an unregistered political party in Mexico. It was founded in 1948 as the Popular Party (''Partido Popular'') by Vicente Lombardo Toledano. Lombardo Toledano, the initial leader of the Confederation of Mexican Workers (CTM), decided to launch a new party in response to the increasingly moderate and corrupt policies of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The Popular Party was supported by the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores Mineros, Metalúrgicos y Similares de la República Mexicana, mine, oil and rail workers' unions, but its potential strength in elections was reduced by the strength of the PRI. The party adopted Marxism-Leninism as its ideological line in 1960. It was renamed the Popular Socialist Party in 1960, and over time its leadership became less critical of the PRI; indeed, in all presidential elections between 1958 and 1982 the PPS supported the PRI candidates, and therefore it was often criticized as being a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Fernández Flores
Manuel may refer to: People * Manuel (name), a given name and surname * Manuel (Fawlty Towers), Manuel (''Fawlty Towers''), a fictional character from the sitcom ''Fawlty Towers'' * Manuel I Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire * Manuel I of Portugal, king of Portugal * Manuel I of Trebizond, Emperor of Trebizond Places *Manuel, Valencia, a municipality in the province of Valencia, Spain *Manuel Junction, railway station near Falkirk, Scotland Other * Manuel (American horse), a thoroughbred racehorse * Manuel (Australian horse), a thoroughbred racehorse * Manuel and The Music of The Mountains, a musical ensemble * Manuel (album), ''Manuel'' (album), music album by Dalida, 1974 See also *Manny (other), a common nickname for those named Manuel *Manoel (other) *Immanuel (other) *Emmanuel (other) *Emanuel (other) *Emmanuelle (other) *Manuela (other) * {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nayarit
Nayarit, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Nayarit, is one of the 31 states that, along with Mexico City, comprise the Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in Municipalities of Nayarit, 20 municipalities and its capital city is Tepic. It is bordered by the states of Sinaloa to the northwest, Durango to the north, Zacatecas to the northeast and Jalisco to the south. To the west, Nayarit has a significant share of coastline on the Pacific Ocean, including the islands of Islas Marías, Marías and Islas Tres Marietas, Marietas. The beaches of San Blas, Nayarit, San Blas and the so-called "Riviera Nayarit" are popular with tourists and Snowbird (person), snowbirds. Besides tourism, the economy of the state is based mainly on agriculture and fishing. It is also one of two states where the tarantula species ''Brachypelma klaasi'' is found, the other being Jalisco. Home to Uto-Aztecan languages, Uto-Aztecan indigenous peoples such as the Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1988 Mexican General Election
1988 was a crucial year in the early history of the Internet—it was the year of the first well-known computer virus, the Morris worm, 1988 Internet worm. The first permanent intercontinental Internet link was made between the United States (National Science Foundation Network) and Europe (Nordunet) as well as the first Internet-based chat protocol, Internet Relay Chat. The concept of the World Wide Web was first discussed at CERN in 1988. The Soviet Union began its major deconstructing towards a mixed economy at the beginning of 1988 and began its Dissolution of the Soviet Union, gradual dissolution. The Iron Curtain began to disintegrate in 1988 as People's Republic of Hungary, Hungary began allowing freer travel to the Western world. The first extrasolar planet, Gamma Cephei Ab (confirmed in 2003), was detected this year and the World Health Organization began its mission to Eradication of polio, eradicate polio. Global warming also began to emerge as a more significant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unified Socialist Party Of Mexico
The Unified Socialist Party of Mexico (, PSUM) was a socialist political party in Mexico. It later became the Mexican Socialist Party () in 1988. History The PSUM was founded in November 1981 by the merger of four socialist parties: *The Mexican Communist Party (, PCM) - the Mexican affiliate of the Communist International, formed in 1919; *The Movement of Socialist Action and Unity (, MAUS) - a split from the PCM that was active in the Mexican Labour movement; *The Party of the Mexican People (, PPM) - a split from the Popular Socialist Party (PPS); *The Movement of Popular Action (, MAP) - a party involved in campaigns for trade-union democracy and reform in the 1970s. Before merging to form the PSUM, these four parties had formed an electoral alliance called the Coalition of the Left () in 1977. Though the PSUM was a multi-tendency organization, it generally followed the ideology of Eurocommunism. In 1988, the PSUM changed its name to the Mexican Socialist Party (, PMS) aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexican Communist Party
The Mexican Communist Party (, PCM) was a communist party in Mexico. It was founded in 1917 as the Socialist Workers' Party (, PSO) by Manabendra Nath Roy, a left-wing Indian revolutionary. The PSO changed its name to the ''Mexican Communist Party'' in November 1919. It was outlawed in 1925 by the government of Plutarco Elías Calles and remained illegal until 1935, during the presidency of the leftist Lázaro Cárdenas. The PCM saw the left wing of the nationalist regime that emerged from the Mexican Revolution—i.e. Cárdenas and his allies—as a progressive force to be supported. The PCM disappeared after helping form the Party of the Democratic Revolution, a split from the PRI led by the son of Lázaro Cárdenas, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas. The PCM lost its registration in 1946 because it did not meet new requirements for at least 30,000 registered members in at least 21 of Mexico's 31 states and the Federal District. It is not clear whether the party was unable to recrui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexican People's Party
The Mexican People's Party (, abbreviated PPM) was a Marxist, Socialist political party in Mexico, founded in 1977.González Casanova, Pablo. El estado y los partidos políticos en México: ensayos'. México, D.F.: Ediciones Era, 1981. p. 154 PPM was led by . PPM was mainly based in the Nayarit and Jalisco states. Initially called the Mayority Popular Socialist Party, the party was formed after a split in the Popular Socialist Party. The split had emerged in the PPS following the 1975 gubernatorial elections in Nayarit. In 1976 the opponents of the PPS party leadership had formed the 'National Committee to Defend the Popular Socialist Party' in Tepic. The Committee called for the holding of a 'Fifth National Assembly' of the party, which constituted the Mayority Popular Socialist Party as a separate party. The new party claimed to represent the original political line of PPS formulated by Vicente Lombardo Toledano. The group that had formed the trade union centre UGOCM-Roja joined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1976 Mexican General Election
General elections were held in Mexico on 4 July 1976.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p453 José López Portillo was the only candidate in the presidential election, and was elected unopposed. In the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico), Chamber of Deputies election, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) won 195 of the 237 seats, as well as winning 64 seats in the Senate (Mexico), Senate election. Voter turnout was 65% in the Senate election and 62% in the Chamber election. The deputies elected served during the L Legislature of the Mexican Congress, 50th session of Congress (Mexico), Congress (1976 to 1979), while the senators additionally served during the LI Legislature of the Mexican Congress, 51st session (1979–1982). Background Before the L_Legislature_of_the_Mexican_Congress#Main_accomplishments, electoral reform of 1977, only four political parties were allowed to participate in the elections: the ruling Institutional Revol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oaxaca
Oaxaca, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca, is one of the 32 states that compose the political divisions of Mexico, Federative Entities of the Mexico, United Mexican States. It is divided into municipalities of Oaxaca, 570 municipalities, of which 418 (almost three quarters) are governed by the system of (customs and traditions) with recognized local forms of self-governance. Its capital city is Oaxaca City, Oaxaca de Juárez. Oaxaca is in southern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Guerrero to the west, Puebla to the northwest, Veracruz to the north, and Chiapas to the east. To the south, Oaxaca has a significant coastline on the Pacific Ocean. The state is best known for #Indigenous peoples, its indigenous peoples and cultures. The most numerous and best known are the Zapotec peoples, Zapotecs and the Mixtecs, but 16 are officially recognized. These cultures have survived better than most others in Mexico due to the state's rugged and isolating terrain. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jorge Cruickshank García
Jorge Cruickshank García (July 29, 1911 – January 1989) was a Mexican politician. He was the general secretary of the Popular Socialist Party and a five-time parliamentarian.Camp, Roderic Ai. Mexican Political Biographies: 1935–1993'. ILAS special publication. Austin: Univ. of Texas Pr, 1995. pp. 175-176 Early life and activism Jorge Cruickshank was born in Tehuantepec in the state of Oaxaca. He attended primary and secondary education in Veracruz. He continued his studies in the city and obtained engineering and secondary teaching degrees. He became active in the communist youth movement, and between 1939 and 1940 was a national leader of the Communist Youth. He was also a trade union organizer. He took part in the founding of ''Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación'' (SNTE), and became the general secretary of SNTE local 10 in 1943. He later held various positions in the SNTE national organization. In the PPS In 1948 he took part in founding the Popular Party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porfirio Muñoz Ledo
Porfirio Alejandro Muñoz Ledo y Lazo de la Vega (23 July 1933 – 9 July 2023) was a Mexican politician. He was one of the founders of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), and served as Ambassador to Cuba from January 2022 until his death. Biography Born in Mexico City, Muñoz Ledo studied law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) from 1951 to 1955 and later pursued graduate studies at the University of Paris. Muñoz Ledo served as a member of the cabinets of Presidents Luis Echeverría as Secretary of Labor (1972–1975) and José López Portillo as Secretary of Education (1976–1977). He was President of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) during the presidential campaign of 1975–1976. Muñoz Ledo was Mexico's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1978 to 1985, where he presided over the UN Security Council, the Group of 77 and the negotiations of the Global Economic Agreements. In 1988 he broke with the PRI and won a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Echeverría
Luis Echeverría Álvarez (; 17 January 1922 – 8 July 2022) was a Mexican lawyer, academic, and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as the 57th president of Mexico from 1970 to 1976. Previously, Echeverría was Secretariat of the Interior, Secretary of the Interior from 1963 to 1969. He was the longest-lived president in Mexican history and the first to reach the age of 100. Echeverría was a long-time CIA asset, known by the cryptonym, LITEMPO-8. His tenure as Secretary of the Interior during the Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Díaz Ordaz administration was marked by an increase in political repression. Dissident journalists, politicians, and activists were subjected to censorship, arbitrary arrests, torture, and extrajudicial killings. This culminated with the Tlatelolco massacre of 2 October 1968, which ruptured the Mexican Movement of 1968, Mexican student movement; Díaz Ordaz, Echeverría, and Secretary of Defense Marcelino Garcia Bar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rogelio Flores Curiel
Rogelio Flores Curiel (1924-2008) was a Mexican army officer and politician who served as governor of the state of Nayarit, Mexico between 1976 and 1981. Curiel attended Yale University and the Heroic Military Academy. He was commander of the 13th Military Zone in Tepic and later the commander of the 15th Military Zone based in Guadalajara, Jalisco. He was the chief of police in Mexico City when the Corpus-Christi Massacre (El Halconazo) took place. After this, he resigned and returned to his seat in the Senate of the Republic. Between 1976 and 1981, Curiel served Governor of Nayarit The governor of Nayarit is the chief executive of Nayarit. Governors of Nayarit List of governors of Nayarit since the state's creation in 1917: References External linksGovernor's web site {{DEFAULTSORT:Governor Of Nayarit Nayarit Na ... and was accused of electoral fraud. References 1924 births 2008 deaths Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians Mexican mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
