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Polycladida
The Polycladida represents a highly diverse clade of free-living marine flatworms. They are known from the littoral to the sublittoral zone (extending to the deep hot vents), and many species are common from coral reefs. Only a few species are found in freshwater habitats. Description Polyclads range from to in length with a flattened, roughly oval, body shape and, in many cases, a pair of short tentacles on the head. They are distinguished from other related animals by the presence of a folded pharynx, an elongated intestine with numerous complex diverticula, and multiple ocelli. The etymology of the order name ''Polycladida'' corresponds to the two ancient Greek words (), meaning "numerous", and (), meaning "branch". It refers to the ramified shape of the intestine in these flatworms. Most polyclads hide away from direct light. However, some of the brightly colored species often are active during the day. With their flamboyant coloring they advertise their potential toxi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudocerotidae
Pseudocerotidae is a family of flatworm The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegme ...s which includes the Bedford's flatworm. Pseudocerotidae are simple organisms categorized by their oval bodies and tentacles and bright colors. They use the cilia to glide along surfaces. Most commonly referred to as marine flatworms, closely related to the orders Macrostomorpha and Lecithoepitheliata. These organisms have very complex reproductive systems, no blood systems or organs for gas exchange, a simple brain and are hermaphroditic. Habitat Due to the anthropogenic transportation of non-native marine species, their species can be found all around the world in tropical and subtropical waters near coral reefs, shallow reefs, deep waters, water surfaces and in aquaculture areas. The mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thysanozoon Nigropapillosum
''Thysanozoon nigropapillosum'' is a species of polyclad flatworms belonging to the family Pseudocerotidae. Some common names include gold-speckled flatworm, marine flatworm, yellow papillae flatworm, yellow-spotted flatworm, and yellow-spotted polyclad flatworm. Description ''Thysanozoon nigropapillosum'' has a long body and broad shape. They grow up to . The dorsal surface is deep black and covered with numerous yellow-tipped papillae varying in size. The ventral surface is dark brown. The outer margin of the body is slightly wavy and bordered in opaque white. They have small, ear-like pseudotentacles in the middle of the anterior end. They swim by propelling themselves through the water with a rhythmic undulating motion of the body. Distribution This species is widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific. Biology ''Thysanozoon nigropapillosum'' is quite common along the external reef in the shallow sub-tidal zone. It can swim by undulating and rhythmically contracting t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stylochidae
Stylochidae is a family of polyclad flatworms. It includes the species ''Stylochus zebra'', which usually lives in shells occupied by the hermit crab '' Pagurus pollicaris'', though it can sometimes be found free living on rocks and pilings. The family contains the following 6 genera containing 36 accepted species: *''Cryptostylochus'' **''Cryptostylochus coseirensis'' **''Cryptostylochus hullensis'' **''Cryptostylochus koreensis'' *''Distylochus'' **''Distylochus isifer'' **''Distylochus martae'' **''Distylochus pusillus'' *'' Kataria'' **''Kataria gloriosa'' *''Leptostylochus'' **'' Leptostylochus capensis'' **''Leptostylochus elongatus'' **''Leptostylochus gracilis'' **''Leptostylochus novacambrensis'' **''Leptostylochus pacificus'' **''Leptostylochus palombii'' **''Leptostylochus polysorus'' *''Stylochopsis'' **''Stylochopsis ellipticus'' **''Stylochopsis ponticus'' *''Stylochus'' **''Stylochus alexandrinus'' **''Stylochus argus'' **''Stylochus bermudensis'' **''Stylochus cin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnold Lang
Arnold Lang (18 June 1855 – 30 November 1914) was a Swiss naturalist, a comparative anatomist and student of German biologist Ernst Haeckel. Biography In March 1876 he earned his PhD from the University of Jena, and two months later became habilitated as a privat-docent of zoology at the University of Bern. From 1878 to 1885 he was stationed at the Zoological Station in Naples, where he conducted research on wildlife native to the Gulf of Naples. In 1889 he became a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Zurich and the '' Eidgenössische Polytechnikum'' as well as director of two institutions' zoological collections. From 1898 to 1900 he served as rector at the University of Zurich.Arnold Lang (1855 up to 1914) at ETH Bibliotek In the autumn o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Müller's Larva
Müller's larva or Mulleria is a larva of some Polycladida. It has 8-fold symmetry and is somewhat like a ctenophore. Müller’s larva is ciliated and has several paired and unpaired lobes. The cilia on the lobes are longer than cilia on the rest of the body. At the anterior and posterior ends of the larva are tufts of longer cilia (apical and caudal). The apical tuft originates from the apical organ, a sensory structure associated with the central nervous system. It is named after Johannes Peter Müller (1801-1858), a German physiologist who invented the plankton net A plankton net is equipment used for collecting samples of plankton in standing bodies of water. It consists of a towing line and bridles, nylon mesh net, and a cod end. Plankton nets are considered one of the oldest, simplest and least expe ..., and first described larval forms of many phyla. References Larvae {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discocelidae
Acotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Taxonomy * Superfamily Cryptoceloidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Cryptocelidae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Discocelididae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Ilyplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Plehniidae Bock, 1913 ** Family Polyposthiidae Bergendal, 1893 * Superfamily Leptoplanoidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Candimboididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Faubelidae Ozdikmen, 2010 ** Family Gnesiocerotidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Leptoplanidae Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Mucroplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Notocomplanidae Litvaitis, Bolaños & Quiroga, 2019 ** Family Notoplanidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Palauidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Pleioplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Stylochoplanidae Meixner, 1907 * Superfamily Stylochoidea Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Callioplanidae Hyman, 1953 ** Family Discoprosthididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Hoploplanidae Stummer-Traunfels, 1933 ** Family Latocest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cestoplanidae
Cotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Families * Boniniidae Bock, 1923 * Cestoplanidae Lang, 1884 * Chromoplanidae Bock, 1922 * Dicteroidae Faubel, 1984 * Diposthidae Woodworth, 1898 * Ditremageniidae Palombi, 1928 * Euryleptidae Stimpson, 1857 * Opisthogeniidae Palombi, 1928 * Amyellidae Faubel, 1984 * Pericelidae Laidlaw, 1902 * Prosthiostomidae Lang, 1884 * Pseudocerotidae Pseudocerotidae is a family of flatworm The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum o ... Lang, 1884 * Theamatidae Marcus, 1949 References External links Turbellaria {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planoceridae
Acotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Taxonomy * Superfamily Cryptoceloidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Cryptocelidae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Discocelididae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Ilyplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Plehniidae Bock, 1913 ** Family Polyposthiidae Bergendal, 1893 * Superfamily Leptoplanoidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Candimboididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Faubelidae Ozdikmen, 2010 ** Family Gnesiocerotidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Leptoplanidae Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Mucroplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Notocomplanidae Litvaitis, Bolaños & Quiroga, 2019 ** Family Notoplanidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Palauidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Pleioplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Stylochoplanidae Meixner, 1907 * Superfamily Stylochoidea Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Callioplanidae Hyman, 1953 ** Family Discoprosthididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Hoploplanidae Stummer-Traunfels, 1933 ** Family Latocestidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosthiostomidae
Prosthiostomidae is a family of free-living marine polyclad flatworms in the suborder Cotylea. Genera * ''Enchiridium'' Bock, 1913 * ''Enterogonimus'' Hallez, 1913 * ''Euprosthiostomum'' Bock, 1925 * ''Lurymare'' Marcus & Marcus, 1968 * ''Prosthiostomum Prosthiostomidae is a family of free-living marine polyclad flatworms in the suborder Cotylea. Genera * ''Enchiridium'' Bock, 1913 * ''Enterogonimus'' Hallez, 1913 * ''Euprosthiostomum'' Bock, 1925 * ''Lurymare Prosthiostomidae is a family ...'' Quatrefage, 1845 References External links Turbellaria {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ditremageniidae
Cotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Families * Boniniidae Bock, 1923 * Cestoplanidae Lang, 1884 * Chromoplanidae Bock, 1922 * Dicteroidae Faubel, 1984 * Diposthidae Woodworth, 1898 * Ditremageniidae Palombi, 1928 * Euryleptidae Stimpson, 1857 * Opisthogeniidae Palombi, 1928 * Amyellidae Faubel, 1984 * Pericelidae Laidlaw, 1902 * Prosthiostomidae Lang, 1884 * Pseudocerotidae Pseudocerotidae is a family of flatworm The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum o ... Lang, 1884 * Theamatidae Marcus, 1949 References External links Turbellaria {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flatworm
The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates. Unlike other bilaterians, they are acoelomates (having no body cavity), and have no specialized circulatory and respiratory organs, which restricts them to having flattened shapes that allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through their bodies by diffusion. The digestive cavity has only one opening for both ingestion (intake of nutrients) and egestion (removal of undigested wastes); as a result, the food cannot be processed continuously. In traditional medicinal texts, Platyhelminthes are divided into Turbellaria, which are mostly non- parasitic animals such as planarians, and three entirely parasitic groups: Cestoda, Trematoda and Monogenea; however, since the turbellarians have since been proven no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
