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Politics Of Joseon
The politics of the Joseon dynasty, which ruled Korea from 1392 to 1897, were governed by the reigning ideology of Korean Confucianism, a form of Neo-Confucianism. Political struggles were common between different factions of the scholar-officials. Purges frequently resulted in leading political figures being sent into exile or condemned to death. The political system of this period was dominated by a Confucianist bureaucracy. The government officials were ranked in 18 levels, ranging from senior first rank (''jeong-il-pum'', ) down to junior ninth rank (''jong-gu-pum'', ) based on seniority and promotion, which was achieved through the royal decree based on examinations and recommendations. The power of the bureaucrats often eclipsed that of the central authorities, including the monarch. For much of the dynasty, a complex system of checks and balances prevented any one section of the government from gaining overwhelming power until the 19th century when political power became con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korea
Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 38th parallel between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK). Both countries proclaimed independence in 1948, and the two countries fought the Korean War from 1950 to 1953. The region is bordered by China to the north and Russia to the northeast, across the Yalu River, Amnok (Yalu) and Tumen River, Duman (Tumen) rivers, and is separated from Japan to the southeast by the Korea Strait. Known human habitation of the Korean peninsula dates to 40,000 BC. The kingdom of Gojoseon, which according to tradition was founded in 2333 BC, fell to the Han dynasty in 108 BC. It was followed by the Three Kingdoms of Korea, Three Kingdoms period, in which Korea was divided into Goguryeo, Baekje, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Offices
Three Offices, or ''Samsa'' (), is a collective name for three government offices in the Joseon dynasty that functioned as major organ of press and provided checks and balance on the king and the officials. These were Sahŏnbu (), Saganwŏn (), and Hongmun'gwan (). While modeled after the Chinese system of Censorate, they played much more prominent roles in the Joseon government than their Chinese counterparts. Some historians credit the Three Offices for the absence of abuses by eunuchs that were prevalent throughout Chinese history. The officials who served in these offices, called "daegan" (대간), tended to be younger and of lower rank compared to other offices such as the Six Ministries but had strong academic reputations and enjoyed special privileges and great prestige. To be appointed, they went through a more thorough review of character and family background. The children of officials who were impeached for corruption and children of concubines were excluded, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seowon
() were the most common educational institutions of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. They were private institutions, and combined the functions of a Confucian shrine and a Confucian school. In educational terms, the were primarily occupied with preparing young men for the gwageo, national civil service examinations. In most cases, served only pupils of the aristocratic class. On 6 July 2019, UNESCO recognized a collection of nine as World Heritage Sites. History first appeared in Korea in the early Joseon Dynasty, whose establishment were driven mainly by the Sarim Neo-Confucianism, Neo-Confucian scholars. While the exact year of introduction in Korea is not known for certain, in 1418 King Sejong of Joseon, Sejong issued rewards to two scholars for their work in setting up in Gimje and Gwangju. The first to receive a royal charter was the Sosu Seowon in Punggi, presided over by Toegye, which was given a hanging board by Myeongjong of Joseon, King Myeongjong in 1550. Whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarim
The Sarim (sometimes known as Saarim), or "forest of scholars", was a powerful faction of literati who emerged in the Early Joseon period under Kil Chae, and would later come to dominate Middle and Late Joseon politics in Korea. After outliving the Hungu faction, the Sarim faction experienced several breakups during and after the reign of King Seonjo (1567–1608) into the Western and Eastern factions; these factions would also experience their very own splits in the coming years. By the 19th century, Joseon court politics would see a shift in control from scholarly factions towards the 'in-law families'; for most of the 19th century, the Jangdong branch of the Andong Kim clan was in control of the government. History Early beginnings The philosophical lineage of the Sarim scholars originated from the neo-Confucian school of Kil Chae (1353–1419), a Goryeo scholar who studied under Yi Saek and Chŏng Mong-ju. After the fall of the Goryeo dynasty, he retreated to his home v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeongnam
Yeongnam (, ; literally "south of the ridge") is a region that coincides with the former Gyeongsang Province, one of the ancient Eight Provinces, in what is now South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t .... The region includes the modern-day provinces of North Gyeongsang, North and South Gyeongsang and the autonomous List of provincial-level cities of South Korea, Metropolitan cities of Busan, Daegu, and Ulsan. The regional name is used (with a slightly different spelling) as the name of Yeungnam University. See also *Regions of Korea *Yeongdong (region), Yeongdong *Honam *Geography of South Korea References External links * Regions of South Korea {{Korea-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyeon
Korea has had administrative districts that can be considered provinces since the 7th century. These divisions were initially called ''ju'' () in Unified Silla and Later Baekje, and there were nine in total. After Goryeo conquered these states in the 10th century, twelve divisions called ''mok'' () were established, although they were reorganized into ten ''do'' () in the 11th century. After Joseon's conquest of Goryeo, it established the Eight Provinces of Korea, Eight Provinces in 1413. These provincial boundaries closely reflected major regions of Korea, regional and Korean dialects, dialect boundaries, and are still significant in contemporary Korea. In 1895, as part of the Gabo Reform, the country was redivided into 23 districts (''Bu;'' 부; ), which were replaced a year later by thirteen new provinces. The thirteen provinces of 1896 included three of the original eight provinces, with the five remaining original provinces divided into north and south halves (''Bukdo'' (북도 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doopedia
''Doosan Encyclopedia'' () is a Korean-language encyclopedia published by Doosan Donga (). The encyclopedia is based on the ''Dong-A Color Encyclopedia'' (), which comprises 30 volumes and began to be published in 1982 by Dong-A Publishing (). Dong-A Publishing was merged into Doosan Donga, a subsidiary of Doosan Group, in February 1985. The ''Doosan Encyclopedia'' is a major encyclopedia in South Korea. Digital edition EnCyber The online version of the ''Doosan Encyclopedia'' was named EnCyber, which is a blend of two English words: ''Encyclopedia'' and ''Cyber''. The company has stated that, with the trademark, it aims to become a center of living knowledge. EnCyber provides free content to readers via South Korean portals such as Naver. Naver has risen to the top position in the search engine market of South Korea partially because of the popularity of EnCyber encyclopedia. When Naver exclusively contracted Doosan Doonga in 2003, the former paid multi billion won to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fu (administrative Division)
Fu () is a traditional administrative division of Chinese origin used in the East Asian cultural sphere, translated variously as commandery, prefecture, urban prefecture, or city. They were first instituted as a regular form of administrative division of China's Tang Empire, but were later adopted in Vietnam, Japan and Korea. At present, only two ''fu'' still remain: the prefectures of Kyoto and Osaka in Japan. The term ''fu'' is currently also used in Chinese to translate the provinces of Thailand, but not those of mainland China, Taiwan or other countries. Meaning ''Fu'' (府) means an office or a command institution. The character appears in the Chinese words for "government" (政府, ''zhėngfǔ'') or "official's residence" (府邸, ''fǔdǐ''), and names of official institutions such as the " Imperial Household Department" (內務府, ''Nèiwùfǔ'') in China or " Office of the President" (總統府, ''Zǒngtǒngfǔ'') in Taiwan. The Japanese language uses the Chinese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provinces Of Korea
Korea has had administrative districts that can be considered provinces since the 7th century. These divisions were initially called ''ju'' () in Unified Silla and Later Baekje, and there were nine in total. After Goryeo conquered these states in the 10th century, twelve divisions called ''mok'' () were established, although they were reorganized into ten ''do'' () in the 11th century. After Joseon's conquest of Goryeo, it established the Eight Provinces of Korea, Eight Provinces in 1413. These provincial boundaries closely reflected major regions of Korea, regional and Korean dialects, dialect boundaries, and are still significant in contemporary Korea. In 1895, as part of the Gabo Reform, the country was redivided into 23 districts (''Bu;'' 부; ), which were replaced a year later by thirteen new provinces. The thirteen provinces of 1896 included three of the original eight provinces, with the five remaining original provinces divided into north and south halves (''Bukdo'' (북도 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secret Royal Inspector
The secret royal inspector in Korea was a temporary position unique to the Joseon Dynasty, in which an undercover official directly appointed by the king was sent to local provinces to monitor government officials and look after the populace while traveling incognito. Unlike regular inspectors whose activities under Office of Inspector General were official and public, the appointment and activities of secret royal inspectors were kept strictly secret throughout the mission. Position description Generally, young officials (usually in their thirties) of low or middle rank were appointed as secret royal inspectors because they had to travel long distances for an extended period of time. Young officials were also more likely to have a strong sense of justice and less likely to have personal connections with local officials. Even though the secret royal inspector was a temporary position (and young men of lower rank were appointed to it), its authority was equivalent to a governor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seonggyungwan
Sungkyunkwan () was the foremost educational institution in Korea during the late Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties. The Sungkyunkwan during the Joseon Dynasty sits in its original location, at the south end of the Humanities and Social Sciences Campus of Sungkyunkwan University in Seoul, South Korea. The Sungkyunkwan during the Goryeo Dynasty, however, remains situated in Kaesong, North Korea. At the South Korean Sungkyunkwan, twice a year, in May and September, the ceremonial rite Seokjeon Daeje is performed in the Munmyo Shrine, to honour Confucius and the Confucian sages of China and Korea. Etymology *Sung () – accomplish, achieve. To become capable, successful or to win. “To perfect or develop human nature”. *Kyun () – balance, to be. Strengthen culture according to social standards or norms. “To build a good society”. *Kwan () – institute, academy, university. History Sungkyunkwan was established in Hanyang on September 25, 1398. It was renamed, destroyed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
