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Pliopithecoidea
Pliopithecoidea is an extinct superfamily of catarrhine primates that inhabited Asia and Europe during the Miocene. Although they were once a widespread and diverse group of primates, the pliopithecoids have no living descendants. History of discovery The first fossil specimens attributed to Pliopithecoidea were discovered by Édouard Lartet in Sansan, France in 1837. These fossils were later referenced by Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville in 1839, who named the type species '' Pliopithecus antiquus''. A second species, ''Pliopithecus platyodon'', was discovered in Switzerland by Biedermann in 1863. Following this, a small number of other pliopithecoid species were described from fossil collections found in France, Germany, and Poland. In the mid-twentieth century, paleontologists Johannes Hürzeler and Helmuth Zapfe reinvigorated interest in the pliopithecoids with a series of publications in which they named a number of new species, including ''Pliopithecus vindobonensis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crouzeliinae
Crouzeliinae is an extinct subfamily of Pliopithecidae primates that inhabited Europe and China during the Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ..., approximately 8–14.5 million years ago - they appear to have originated in Asia and extended their range into Europe between 17 and 13 million years ago. Crouzeliines can be distinguished from the other Pliopithecoidea subfamilies on the basis of uniquely derived dental traits. Dental morphology As with nearly all Pliopithecoid taxa, Crouzliines are distinguished from the other Pliopithecoidea subfamilies, Dionysopithecinae and Pliopithecinae, on the basis of dental morphology. Classification The Crouzeliinae subfamily is defined on the basis of the type genus, ''Crouzelia''. Some authors have synonymiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epipliopithecus
''Epipliopithecus vindobonensis'' is an extinct species of pliopithecoid primate recovered from the Middle Miocene deposits of Devínska Nová Ves fissure in western Slovakia. ''Epipliopithecus'' is one of the few pliopithecoids for which both cranial and post-cranial fossil material has been recovered. Most pliopithecoids are known only from fossilized teeth, whereas ''Epipliopithecus'' is known from three nearly complete skeletons. As such, ''Epipliopithecus'' has greatly informed the modern understanding of pliopithecoid anatomy, locomotion, and phylogeny. History of discovery ''Epipliopithecus'' was discovered and described by Helmuth Zapfe and Johannes Hürzeler. The fossil material was found in a fissure deposit near Devínska Nová Ves (Slovakia) in the southern part of the Carpathian Mountains. The rock surrounding the fissure is limestone and dolomite of Jurassic age. The fissure deposit itself is clearly much younger, as has been demonstrated to date to the lower mid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catarrhine
The parvorder Catarrhini (known commonly as catarrhine monkeys, Old World anthropoids, or Old World monkeys) consists of the Cercopithecoidea and apes (Hominoidea). In 1812, Geoffroy grouped those two groups together and established the name Catarrhini, "Old World monkeys", ("''singes de l'Ancien Monde''" in French). Its sister in the infraorder Simiiformes is the parvorder Platyrrhini (New World monkeys). There has been some resistance to directly designate apes (and thus humans) as monkeys despite the scientific evidence, so "Old World monkey" may be taken to mean the Cercopithecoidea or the Catarrhini. That apes are monkeys was already realized by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in the 18th century. Linnaeus placed this group in 1758 together with what we now recognise as the tarsiers and the New World monkeys, in a single genus "''Simia''" (sans ''Homo''). The Catarrhini are all native to Africa and Asia. Members of this parvorder are called catarrhines. The Catarrh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catarrhini
The parvorder Catarrhini (known commonly as catarrhine monkeys, Old World anthropoids, or Old World monkeys) consists of the Cercopithecoidea and apes (Hominoidea). In 1812, Geoffroy grouped those two groups together and established the name Catarrhini, "Old World monkeys", ("''singes de l'Ancien Monde''" in French). Its sister in the infraorder Simiiformes is the parvorder Platyrrhini (New World monkeys). There has been some resistance to directly designate apes (and thus humans) as monkeys despite the scientific evidence, so "Old World monkey" may be taken to mean the Cercopithecoidea or the Catarrhini. That apes are monkeys was already realized by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in the 18th century. Linnaeus placed this group in 1758 together with what we now recognise as the tarsiers and the New World monkeys, in a single genus "'' Simia''" (sans ''Homo''). The Catarrhini are all native to Africa and Asia. Members of this parvorder are called catarrhines. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliopithecidae
The family Pliopithecidae is an extinct family of fossil catarrhines and members of the Pliopithecoidea superfamily. Their anatomy combined primitive features such as a small braincase, a long snout, and a tail. At the same time, they possessed more advanced features such as stereoscopic vision and ape-like teeth and jaws, clearly distinguishing them from monkey Monkey is a common name that may refer to most mammals of the infraorder Simiiformes, also known as simians. Traditionally, all animals in the group now known as simians are counted as monkeys except the apes. Thus monkeys, in that sense, co ...s. Begun and Harrison divide the Pliopithecidae into subfamilies Pliopithecinae and Crouzeliinae. Dionysopithecinae are sometimes placed here as a subfamily, but Begun & Harrison place them in their own family, the Dionysopithecidae. Palaeoecology Pliopithecids had a clear habitat preference for warm and humid habitats. References * The Illustrated Encyclopedia of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dionysopithecidae
Dionysopithecidae is an extinct family of fossil catarrhines and the earliest-known and most primitive members of the Pliopithecoidea superfamily, with fossils in Sihong, China dating to 18–17 million years ago for species '' Dionysopithecus shuangouensis'' and '' Platodontopithecus jianghuaiensis''. A single lower molar found in Ban San Klang in Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ... is similar to those found in Sihong but sufficiently different to be considered a different species, '' Dionysopithecus orientalis''. They are sometimes treated as a subfamily of Pliopithecidae as 'Dionysopithecinae'. References * The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Prehistoric World page 434. Pliopithecoidea Miocene primates of Asia Pliocene primates Miocene e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapi (mammal)
''Kapi'' is an extinct primate genus that lived in northern India about 13.8 to 12.5 million years ago during the Miocene. The only species, ''K. ramnagarensis'', was described in 2020 and is known from a complete lower molar. The fossil was discovered in 2015 from Ramnagar, a town in Jammu and Kashmir, for which the species name was created. Though originally identified as member of the gibbons and popularised in the news as the oldest gibbon, it was later reassessed as a pliopithecoid, a group of extinct Old World monkeys. Discovery American palaeontologists led by Christopher Gilbert, from the Hunter College of the City University of New York and the American Museum of Natural History, and Indian scientists, Ningthoujam Premjit Singh and Rajeev Patnaik, both from Panjab University, explored the Lower Siwaliks of Ramnagar in Jammu and Kashmir since 2010. A number of animal fossils were collected but the most important was a lower jaw bone (mandible) with three molar teeth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eppelsheim
Eppelsheim is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Geography The municipality lies in Rhenish Hesse. Politics Municipal council The council is made up of 16 council members, who were elected at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairwoman. The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results: Coat of arms The municipality’s arms are blazoned: Per pale Sable a lion rampant Or armed and langued Gules, and Or an apple twig fructed of two Vert. Culture and sightseeing Deinotherium sands The first discovery of a fossil femur of a great ape '' Paidopithex rhenanus'' (now considered to be an ape relative not an ape - possibly being a Pliopithecoid) was made near Eppelsheim in 1820. The finding was made in deposits of the prehistoric Rhine river and are about 10 million years o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primate
Primates is an order (biology), order of mammals, which is further divided into the Strepsirrhini, strepsirrhines, which include lemurs, galagos, and Lorisidae, lorisids; and the Haplorhini, haplorhines, which include Tarsiiformes, tarsiers and simians (monkeys and apes). Primates arose 74–63 million years ago first from small terrestrial animal, terrestrial mammals, which adapted for life in tropical forests: many primate characteristics represent adaptations to the challenging environment among Canopy (biology), tree tops, including large brain sizes, binocular vision, color vision, Animal communication, vocalizations, shoulder girdles allowing a large degree of movement in the upper limbs, and opposable thumbs (in most but not all) that enable better grasping and dexterity. Primates range in size from Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, which weighs , to the eastern gorilla, weighing over . There are 376–524 species of living primates, depending on which classification is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
