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Platinum Tetrabromide
Platinum(IV) bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula PtBr4. It is a brown solid. It is a little-used compound mainly of interest for academic research. It is a component of a reagent used in qualitative inorganic analysis Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find the elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution, therefore materials in other forms m .... In terms of structure, the compound is an inorganic polymer consisting of interconnected PtBr6 octahedra. References Bromides,4 Bromides Platinum group halides {{inorganic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethanol
Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is an Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol, with its formula also written as , or EtOH, where Et is the pseudoelement symbol for ethyl group, ethyl. Ethanol is a Volatility (chemistry), volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and pungent taste. As a psychoactive depressant, it is the active ingredient in alcoholic beverages, and the second most consumed drug globally behind caffeine. Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation process of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical processes such as ethylene hydration. Historically it was used as a general anesthetic, and has modern medical applications as an antiseptic, disinfectant, solvent for some medications, and antidote for methanol poisoning and ethylene glycol poisoning. It is used as a chemical solvent and in the Chemical synthesis, synthesis of orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diethyl Ether
Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound with the chemical formula , sometimes abbreviated as . It is a colourless, highly Volatility (chemistry), volatile, sweet-smelling ("ethereal odour"), extremely flammable liquid. It belongs to the ether class of organic compounds. It is a common solvent and was formerly used as a general anesthetic. Production Most diethyl ether is produced as a byproduct of the vapor-phase Hydration reaction, hydration of ethylene to make ethanol. This process uses solid-supported phosphoric acid Catalysis, catalysts and can be adjusted to make more ether if the need arises: Vapor-phase Dehydration reaction, dehydration of ethanol over some Aluminium oxide, alumina catalysts can give diethyl ether yields of up to 95%. : Diethyl ether can be prepared both in laboratories and on an industrial scale by the acid ether synthesis. Uses The dominant use of diethyl ether is as a solvent. One particular application is in the production of cell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum(IV) Fluoride
Platinum tetrafluoride is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula . In the solid state, the compound features platinum(IV) in octahedral coordination geometry. Preparation The compound was first reported by Henri Moissan by the fluorination of platinum metal in the presence of hydrogen fluoride. A modern synthesis involves thermal decomposition of platinum hexafluoride. Properties Platinum tetrafluoride vapour at 298.15 K consists of individual molecules. The enthalpy of sublimation is 210 kJmol−1. Original analysis of powdered PtF4 suggested a tetrahedral molecular geometry, but later analysis by several methods identified it as octahedral, with four of the six fluorines on each platinum bridging to adjacent platinum centres. Reactions A solution of platinum tetrafluoride in water is coloured reddish brown, but it rapidly decomposes, releasing heat and forming an orange coloured platinum dioxide hydrate precipitate and fluoroplatinic acid. When heated to a red ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum(IV) Chloride
Platinum(IV) chloride is the inorganic compound of platinum and chlorine with the empirical formula PtCl4. This brown solid features platinum in the +4 oxidation state. Structure Typical of Pt(IV), the metal centers adopt an octahedral coordination geometry, . This geometry is achieved by forming a polymer wherein half of the chloride ligands bridge between the platinum centers. Because of its polymeric structure, PtCl4 dissolves only upon breaking the chloride bridging ligands. Thus, addition of HCl give H2PtCl6. Lewis base adducts of Pt(IV) of the type cis-PtCl4L2 are known, but most are prepared by oxidation of the Pt(II) derivatives. Formation and reactions PtCl4 is mainly encountered in the handling of chloroplatinic acid, obtained by dissolving of Pt metal in aqua regia. Heating H2PtCl6 to 220 °C gives impure PtCl4: :H2PtCl6 → PtCl4 + 2 HCl A purer product can be produced by heating under chlorine gas at 250 °C. If excess acids are removed, PtCl4 crystallizes from a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum(IV) Iodide
Platinum(IV) iodide is a inorganic compound with the formula . it is a dark brown diamagnetic solid and is one of several binary iodides of platinum. Preparation Platinum(IV) iodide can be prepared from the effect of iodine on platinum: : Iodide accelerates this process. It can also be obtained from the decomposition of hydrogen hexaiodoplatinate(IV) at 80 °C: : Physical properties Platinum(IV) iodide forms dark brown crystals of several modifications: * ''α''-, rhombic crystal system, spatial group ''P bca'', cell parameters a = 1.290 nm, b = 1.564 nm, c = 0.690 nm, Z = 8; * ''β''-, cubic crystal system, spatial group ''P m3m'', cell parameters a = 0.56 nm, Z = 1; * ''γ''-, tetragonal crystal system, spatial group ''I 41/a'', cell parameters a = 0.677 nm, c = 3.110 nm, Z = 8. Platinum(IV) iodide decomposes in water. It is also soluble in ethanol, acetone, alkali, HI, KI, liquid . Chemical properties It decomposes when heated: : When dissolved in hydroiodic acid H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nickel(II) Bromide
Nickel(II) bromide is the name for the inorganic compounds with the chemical formula NiBr2(H2O)''x''. The value of ''x'' can be 0 for the anhydrous material, as well as 2, 3, or 6 for the three known hydrate forms. The anhydrous material is a yellow-brown solid which dissolves in water to give blue-green hexahydrate (see picture). Structure The structure of the nickel bromides varies with the degree of hydration. In all of these cases, the nickel(II) ion adopts an octahedral molecular geometry. Similar structures are observed in aqueous solutions of nickel bromide. *Anhydrous NiBr2 adopts the hexagonal cadmium chloride structure. The interatomic distance for Ni-Br is 2.52—2.58 Å. Anhydrous NiBr2 is a paramagnet at room temperature. Upon cooling, it turns into an antiferromagnet at 52 K, and then into a helimagnet at 22.8 K. *The structure of the trihydrate has not been confirmed by X-ray crystallography X-ray crystallography is the experimental science of determining the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palladium(II) Bromide
Palladium(II) bromide is an inorganic compound of palladium and bromine with the chemical formula PdBr2. It is a commercially available, although less common than palladium(II) chloride, the usual entry point to palladium complexes. It is a diamagnetic solid. Structure As confirmed by X-ray crystallography, PdBr2 is a coordination polymer. It crystallises in the P21/c space group and the structure consists of wavy ribbons of edge-sharing PdBr4 coordination squares. Reactions Palladium(II) bromide is insoluble in water but dissolves when heated in acetonitrile to give monomeric acetonitrile adducts: : PdBr2 + 2 MeCN → PdBr2(MeCN)2 PdBr2 exhibits many of the properties of palladium chloride and palladium acetate, giving catalysts active for carbonylations and cross-coupling reaction In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum(II) Bromide
Platinum bromide is the chemical compound with the formula PtBr2. This dark green powder is a common precursor to other platinum-bromide compounds. Like palladium chloride and palladium(II) bromide, it is a compound that dissolves only in coordinating solvents or in the presence of donor ligands. Illustrative use Transition metal carbene complexes of platinum can be prepared by heating platinum bromide with the imidazolium salt NHC precursors and sodium acetate in dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an organosulfur compound with the formula . This colorless liquid is the sulfoxide most widely used commercially. It is an important polar aprotic solvent that dissolves both polar and nonpolar compounds and is .... References Bromides,2 Bromides Platinum group halides {{inorganic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inorganic Compound
An inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks carbon–hydrogen bondsthat is, a compound that is not an organic compound. The study of inorganic compounds is a subfield of chemistry known as ''inorganic chemistry''. Inorganic compounds comprise most of the Earth's crust, although the compositions of the deep Mantle (geology), mantle remain active areas of investigation. All allotropes (structurally different pure forms of an element) and some simple carbon compounds are often considered inorganic. Examples include the allotropes of carbon (graphite, diamond, buckminsterfullerene, graphene, etc.), carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , carbides, and salt (chemistry), salts of inorganic anions such as carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, thiocyanates, isothiocyanates, etc. Many of these are normal parts of mostly organic systems, including organisms; describing a chemical as inorganic does not necessarily mean that it cannot occur within life, living things. History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Formula
A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and ''plus'' (+) and ''minus'' (−) signs. These are limited to a single typographic line of symbols, which may include subscripts and superscripts. A chemical formula is not a chemical name since it does not contain any words. Although a chemical formula may imply certain simple chemical structures, it is not the same as a full chemical structural formula. Chemical formulae can fully specify the structure of only the simplest of molecules and chemical substances, and are generally more limited in power than chemical names and structural formulae. The simplest types of chemical formulae are called '' empirical formulae'', which use letters and numbers indicating the numerical ''proportions'' of atoms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis
Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find the elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution, therefore materials in other forms may need to be brought to this state before using standard methods. The solution is then treated with various reagents to test for reactions characteristic of certain ions, which may cause color change, precipitation and other visible changes. Qualitative inorganic analysis is that branch or method of analytical chemistry which seeks to establish the elemental composition of inorganic compounds through various reagents. Physical appearance of some inorganic compounds Detecting cations According to their properties, cations are usually classified into six groups. Each group has a common reagent which can be used to separate them from the solution. To obtain meaningful results, the separation must be done in the sequence specified bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum(IV) Compounds
Platinum is a chemical element; it has symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish , a diminutive of "silver". Platinum is a member of the platinum group of elements and group 10 of the periodic table of elements. It has six naturally occurring isotopes. It is one of the rarer elements in Earth's crust, with an average abundance of approximately 5 μg/kg, making platinum about 30 times rarer than gold. It occurs in some nickel and copper ores along with some native deposits, with 90% of current production from deposits across Russia's Ural Mountains, Colombia, the Sudbury basin of Canada, and a large reserve in South Africa. Because of its scarcity in Earth's crust, only a few hundred tonnes are produced annually, and given its important uses, it is highly valuable as well as a major precious metal commodity. Platinum is one of the least reac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
