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Plastivores
Mealworms, an example of a plastivore A plastivore is an organism capable of degrading and metabolising plastic. While plastic is normally thought of as non-biodegradable, a variety of bacteria, fungi, and insects have been found to degrade it. Definition Plastivores are "organisms that use plastic as their primary carbon and energy source". This does not necessarily mean being able to fulfill all biological needs from plastic alone. For example, mealworms fed only on plastic show very little weight gain, unlike mealworms fed on a normal diet of bran. This is due to plastic lacking water and nutrients needed to grow. Plastic-fed mealworms can still derive energy from their diet, so they do not lose weight like starved mealworms do. Mechanisms For both bacterial and fungal plastivores, the first step is adhesion of spores to the plastic surface via hydrophobic interactions. Bacterial plastivores, when cultured on plastic, form biofilms on the surface as the second step. Us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mealworms In Plastic Container Of Bran
Mealworms are the larval form of the yellow mealworm beetle, ''Tenebrio molitor'', a species of darkling beetle. The yellow mealworm beetle prefers a warmer climate and higher humidity. Male mealworm beetles release a sex pheromone to attract females to mate. ''Tenebrio molitor'' has been used in biomedical research. Mealworms can be a dietary source for Animal, animals and Human, humans. They are also considered pests, especially to food storage. Description Like all holometabolism, holometabolic insects, ''T. molitor'' goes through four life stages: egg (biology), egg, larva, pupa, and imago, adult. Larvae typically measure about or more. Adults are generally in length. ''T. molitor'' is dark brown or black as an adult, with larvae up to long and adults up to long. The yellow mealworm beetle can be differentiated from other beetles, due to the linear grooves that are evenly divided and run along the abdomen. The beetle has only four tarsal segments on its hind legs. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galleria Mellonella
''Galleria mellonella'', the greater wax moth or honeycomb moth, is a moth of the family Pyralidae. ''G. mellonella'' is found throughout the world. It is one of two species of wax moths, with the other being the lesser wax moth. ''G. mellonella'' eggs are laid in the spring, and they have four life stages. Males are able to generate ultrasound, ultrasonic sound pulses, which, along with pheromones, are used in mating. The larvae of ''G. mellonella'' are also often used as a model organism in research. The greater wax moth is well known for its Parasitism, parasitization of honeybees and their hives. Because of the economic loss caused by this species, several control methods including heat treatment and chemical fumigants such as carbon dioxide have been used. The caterpillar of ''G. mellonella'' has attracted interest for its ability to degrade Polyethylene, polyethylene plastic. Geographic range ''G. mellonella'' was first reported as a pest in Asia, but then spread to nort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aspergillus Tubingensis
''Aspergillus tubingensis'' is a darkly pigmented species of fungus in the genus ''Aspergillus'' section Nigri. It is often confused with ''Aspergillus niger'' due to their similar morphology and habitat. ''A. tubingensis'' is often involved in food spoilage of fruits and wheat, and industrial fermentation. This species is a rare agent of opportunistic infection. Background ''Aspergillus tubingensis'' was first discovered by Raoul Mosseray in 1934. The conidia are heavily roughened, 3-5 μm in diameter. Whitish to pink sclerotia ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 mm in diameter are often produced. ''A. tubingensis'' exists exclusively as an asexual fungus but is understood to be phylogenetically closely related to the other so-called black Aspergilli and sexual states in the genus '' Petromyces''. The production of Ochratoxin A (OTA) was previously thought to be a variable character dependent on strain; however, the production of OTA is thought to be a consistent feature with prio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comamonas Testosteroni
Comamonas testosteroni is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium belonging to the family Comamonadaceae. It is commonly found in environmental sources such as soil, water, sewage, wastewater, and industrial effluents—particularly where organic material is abundant. Initially classified under the Pseudomonas genus, it was later reclassified as Comamonas based on molecular and phylogenetic studies (Stanier et al., 1966). This bacterium is notable for its exceptional metabolic flexibility. It can utilize testosterone as a carbon source and is capable of degrading other complex sterols, including ergosterol and estrogens. Its ability to break down a wide range of organic pollutants makes it a valuable organism for bioremediation and various industrial applications. For example, the strain C. testosteroni I2gfp has been used in bioaugmentation trials aimed at treating toxic industrial byproducts such as 3-chloroaniline. Although C. testosteroni is not typically part of the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ideonella Sakaiensis
''Ideonella sakaiensis'' is a bacterium from the genus'' Ideonella'' and family Comamonadaceae capable of breaking down and consuming the plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using it as both a carbon and energy source. The bacterium was originally isolated from a sediment sample taken outside of a plastic bottle recycling facility in Sakai City, Japan. Discovery ''Ideonella sakaiensis'' was first identified in 2016 by a team of researchers led by Kohei Oda of Kyoto Institute of Technology and Kenji Miyamoto of Keio University after collecting a sample of PET-contaminated sediment at a plastic bottle recycling facility in Sakai, Japan. The bacteria was first isolated from a consortium of microorganisms in the sediment sample, which included protozoa and yeast-like cells. The entire microbial community was shown to mineralize 75% of the degraded PET into carbon dioxide once it had been initially degraded and assimilated by ''Ideonella sakaiensis''. Characterization Physi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exiguobacterium
''Exiguobacterium'' is a genus of bacilli and a member of the low GC phyla of Bacillota. Collins'' et al''. first described the genus ''Exiguobacterium ''with the characterization of ''E. aurantiacum'' strain DSM6208T from an alkaline potato processing plant. It has been found in areas covering a wide range of temperatures (-12 °C—55 °C) including glaciers in Greenland and hot springs in Yellowstone, and has been isolated from ancient permafrost in Siberia. This ability to survive in varying temperature extremes makes them an important area of study. Some strains in addition to dynamic thermal adaption are also halotolerant (up to 13% added NaCl added to the medium), can grow within a wide range of pH values (5-11), tolerate high levels of UV radiation, and heavy metal stress (including arsenic). ''Exiguobacterium'' are globally diverse organisms that are found in a variety of environments including microbialites (Thrombolite from Pavilion Lake, BC and Stromatoli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exiguobacterium Undae
''Exiguobacterium undae'' is a species of ''Bacilli''. Its discovery was published in the ''International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology'' (Frühling et al., 2002). This species has the ability to metabolize arabinose, cellulose, fructose, and glucose. It may undergo fermentation by utilizing D-glucose, D-mannitol, D-ribose, and glycogen (Bacdive 2021). ''E. undae'' is motile and it contains peritrichous flagella. Physiology ''E. undae'' was first sampled from the surface of a garden pond in Wolfenbuttel, Lower Saxony, Germany (Frühling et al., 2002). The pond water containing this species was streaked by researchers onto glucose sulfide (GS) medium (DSMZ 851). Four strains, L1-L4, were acquired from the garden pond and successfully isolated in tryptone soy agar at room temperature (Frühling et al., 2002). ''E. undae'' is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is motile and yellow-orange in color (Bacdive 2021). It is facultatively anaerobic and catalas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exiguobacterium Sibiricum
''Exiguobacterium sibiricum'' is a bacterium. The DR11 strain of these bacteria has been found to eat polystyrene. It was discovered in India, in wetlands by researchers in Shiv Nadar University Shiv Nadar University (Institute of Eminence) is a private university located near Greater Noida, in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was founded in 2011 by Shiv Nadar, the founder and chairman of HCL. History The university .... It was discovered alongside '' Exiguobacterium undrae'' strain DR14. References Bacillaceae Plastivores Bacteria described in 2006 {{Bacilli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salipaludibacillus Agaradhaerens
''Salipaludibacillus agaradhaerens'' is a facultative anaerobe bacterium. It is a gram positive, alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant, aerobic endospore-forming bacteria. In 2019, it was found in a hyperalkaline spring in Zambales (Philippines) a bacterial consortium of a strain of ''Bacillus agaradhaerens'' with ''Bacillus pseudofirmus'' that can biodegrade LDPE plastic. See also * Plastivore file:mealworms in plastic container of bran.jpg, Mealworms, an example of a plastivore A plastivore is an organism capable of degrading and metabolising plastic. While plastic is normally thought of as non-Biodegradation, biodegradable, a varie ... References External linksUniProt entry [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Pseudofirmus
''Bacillus pseudofirmus'' is a facultative anaerobe bacterium. It is a gram positive, alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant, aerobic endospore-forming bacteria. In 2019, it was found in a hyperalkaline spring in Zambales (Philippines) a bacterial consortium of a strain of ''Bacillus pseudofirmus'' with '' Bacillus agaradhaerens'' that can biodegrade LDPE plastic. This species has been recently transferred into the genus ''Alkalihalobacillus ''Alkalihalobacillus'' is a genus of gram-positive or gram-variable rod-shaped bacteria in the family '' Bacillaceae'' from the order ''Bacillales''. The type species of this genus is '' Alkalihalobacillus alcalophilus.'' This genus comprises sp ...''. The correct nomenclature is ''Alkalihalobacillus pseudofirmus.'' References Further reading * External linksUniProt entry [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pestalotiopsis
''Pestalotiopsis'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the Sporocadaceae family. Taxonomy The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by René Leopold Alix Ghislain Jules Steyaert in Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat. vol.19 on page 300 in 1949. The genus name of ''Pestalotiopsis'' is in honour of Fortunato Pestalozza (died 1878), who was an Italian botanist and doctor who worked in Constantinople and Antalya. The phylogenetic relationships of genus ''Pestalotiopsis'' and allied genera has been calculated from ribosomal DNA sequences and morphological characters in 2002. The sexual state of ''Pesalotiopsis'' is ''Pestalosphaeria'', which was introduced by Margaret Elizabeth Barr-Bigelow, Barr (in 1975) with the type species ''Pestalosphaeria concentrica''. This species was isolated from the grey-brown spots on the living leaves of ''Rhododendron maximum'' growing in North Carolina, USA. Hosts Some species of ''Pestalotiopsis'' are confirmed to cause human and animal diseases. For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mealworm
Mealworms are the larval form of the yellow mealworm beetle, ''Tenebrio molitor'', a species of darkling beetle. The yellow mealworm beetle prefers a warmer climate and higher humidity. Male mealworm beetles release a sex pheromone to attract females to mate. ''Tenebrio molitor'' has been used in biomedical research. Mealworms can be a dietary source for animals and humans. They are also considered pests, especially to food storage. Description Like all holometabolic insects, ''T. molitor'' goes through four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Larvae typically measure about or more. Adults are generally in length. ''T. molitor'' is dark brown or black as an adult, with larvae up to long and adults up to long. The yellow mealworm beetle can be differentiated from other beetles, due to the linear grooves that are evenly divided and run along the abdomen. The beetle has only four tarsal segments on its hind legs. Most ground beetles, which are similar in size to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
