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Placomaronea Minima
''Placomaronea'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Candelariaceae. It has 6 species. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Veli Räsänen in 1944, with ''Placomaronea candelarioides'' assigned as the type species. The genus was revised by Martin Westberg and colleagues in 2009, who accepted six species in the genus. Species *''Placomaronea candelarioides'' – South America *''Placomaronea fuegiana'' – southeastern South America *''Placomaronea kaernefeltii'' – Chile *''Placomaronea lambii'' – Peru; Ecuador *''Placomaronea mendozae'' – Argentina; Peru; Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ... (USA) *'' Placomaronea minima'' – Chile; Argentina; southern Africa References Candelariales Ascomycota genera Taxa descr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Placomaronea Candelarioides
''Placomaronea'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Candelariaceae. It has 6 species. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Veli Räsänen in 1944, with '' Placomaronea candelarioides'' assigned as the type species. The genus was revised by Martin Westberg and colleagues in 2009, who accepted six species in the genus. Species *'' Placomaronea candelarioides'' – South America *'' Placomaronea fuegiana'' – southeastern South America *'' Placomaronea kaernefeltii'' – Chile *'' Placomaronea lambii'' – Peru; Ecuador *'' Placomaronea mendozae'' – Argentina; Peru; Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ... (USA) *'' Placomaronea minima'' – Chile; Argentina; southern Africa References Candelariales Ascomycota genera Taxa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Described In 1944
In biology, a taxon ( back-formation from '' taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota Genera
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as '' Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (it contains all descendants of one common ancestor). Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candelariales
The Candelariales are an order of fungi in the monotypic class Candelariomycetes. It contains the families Candelariaceae and Pycnoraceae. The order was circumscribed by Jolanta Miadlikowska, François Lutzoni, and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch as part of a comprehensive phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ... classification of the kingdom Fungi published in 2007. The class Candelariomycetes was created in 2018 by Hermann Voglmayr and Walter Jaklitsch. References Candelariales Ascomycota orders Lichen orders Taxa described in 2007 Taxa named by Helge Thorsten Lumbsch {{Ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizona
Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States. It is the list of U.S. states and territories by area, 6th largest and the list of U.S. states and territories by population, 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital city, capital and List of largest cities, largest city is Phoenix, Arizona, Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Four Corners region with Utah to the north, Colorado to the northeast, and New Mexico to the east; its other neighboring states are Nevada to the northwest, California to the west and the List of states of Mexico, Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California (state), Baja California to the south and southwest. Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous United States, contiguous states to be admitted to the Union, achieving statehood on February 14, 1912. Historically part of the territory of in New Spain, it became part of independent Mexico in 1821. After being defeated in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veli Räsänen
Veli Johannes Paavo Bartholomeus Räsänen (24 August 1888 – 16 July 1953) was a Finnish lichenologist. Early life and education Veli Räsänen was born on 24 August 1888 in Simo, Finland. Räsänen's brother was the linguist Martti Räsänen. His parents were primary school teachers Antti Räsänen, and Kaisa Sofia Vuolevi. He took his matriculation examination in 1909 in Oulu, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1913, a master's degree in 1914 and a licentiate and doctorate in 1927 from the University of Helsinki. Räsänen worked at the Lapua agricultural lyceum for teachers from 1918 to 1921 teaching natural sciences and animal husbandry. He was an instructor in the Agricultural School (), as a lecturer from 1921 to 1940. Räsänen became a college lecturer from 1940 to 1953 in Kuopio. He published literature on lichens, including the book ("Finnish Lichens") (1951). Räsänen apprenticed with Edvard Vainio at the University of Turku, and eagerly collected lic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candelariaceae
''Candelariaceae'' is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Candelariales. It contains seven genera and about 73 species. The family was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Rainar Hakulinen in 1954 to contain the type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nomina ..., '' Candelaria''. Genera *'' Candelaria'' – 7 spp. *'' Candelariella'' – ca. 50 spp. *'' Candelina'' – 3 spp. *'' Candelinella'' – 2 spp. *'' Opeltiella'' – 4 spp. *'' Placomaronea'' – 6 spp. *'' Protocandelariella'' – 2 spp. References Candelariales Lichen families Ascomycota families Taxa described in 1954 Taxa named by Rainar Hakulinen {{Ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Placomaronea Fuegiana
''Placomaronea'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Candelariaceae. It has 6 species. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Veli Räsänen in 1944, with ''Placomaronea candelarioides'' assigned as the type species. The genus was revised by Martin Westberg and colleagues in 2009, who accepted six species in the genus. Species *''Placomaronea candelarioides'' – South America *'' Placomaronea fuegiana'' – southeastern South America *'' Placomaronea kaernefeltii'' – Chile *'' Placomaronea lambii'' – Peru; Ecuador *'' Placomaronea mendozae'' – Argentina; Peru; Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ... (USA) *'' Placomaronea minima'' – Chile; Argentina; southern Africa References Candelariales Ascomycota genera Taxa d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a Kingdom (biology), kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of motility, mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not plants. They may have tiny, leafless branches ( fruticose); flat leaf-like structures ( foliose); grow crust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_(2).jpg "Click for more on -> Type Species")
