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Place Charles De Gaulle
The Place Charles de Gaulle (), historically known as the Place de l'Étoile (), is a large road junction in Paris, France, the meeting point of twelve straight avenues (hence its historic name, which translates as "Square of the Star") including the Champs-Élysées. It was renamed in 1970, following the death of President Charles de Gaulle. It is still often referred to by its original name; the nearby Métro and RER station retains the designation Charles de Gaulle–Étoile. Paris's '' Axe historique'' ("historical axis") cuts through the Arc de Triomphe, which stands at the centre of the Place Charles de Gaulle. History The original name of the area was the ''Butte Chaillot'' ("Chaillot Mound", named after the locality). At the time, it was the point of convergence of several hunting trails. The Marquis de Marigny constructed monumental roadworks, completed in 1777, on the mound when he was establishing the plantations along the Champs-Élysées. The junction includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avenue D'Iéna
Avenue or Avenues may refer to: Roads * Avenue (landscape), traditionally a straight path or road with a line of trees, in the shifted sense a tree line itself, or some of boulevards (also without trees) * Avenue Road, Bangalore * Avenue Road, London * Avenue Road, Toronto Music and entertainment * Avenue (band), X Factor UK contestants * Avenues (band), American pop punk band * "The Avenue", B-side of the 1984 Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark single " Locomotion" * "Avenue" (song), a 1992 single by British pop group Saint Etienne * Avenues Television, television channel in Nepal * ''Avenue'' (magazine), a former Dutch magazine Other uses * Avenue (archaeology), a specialist term in archaeology referring to lines of stones * Avenue (store), a clothing store * The Avenue, a Rugby Union stadium in Sunbury-on-Thames, England * L'Avenue, a skyscraper in Montreal, Quebec, Canada * Avenue, a GIS scripting language for ArcView 3.x * Avenues: The World School, school in New York Cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wall Of The Ferme Générale
The Wall of the ''Ferme générale'' (, ) was one of the several city walls of Paris built between the early Middle Ages and the mid 19th century. Built between 1784 and 1791, the 24 km wall crossed the districts of the Place de l'Étoile, Batignolles, Pigalle, Belleville, Nation, the Place d'Italie, Denfert-Rochereau, Montparnasse and the Trocadéro, roughly following the route now traced by line 2 and line 6 of the Paris Métro. The wall was demolished in the early 1860s, although elements of some of its gates remain. History Unlike earlier walls, the Farmers-General Wall was not intended to defend Paris from invaders but to enforce the payment of a toll on goods entering Paris ("octroi"). It was commissioned by the nobleman and scientist Antoine Lavoisier''Citizens'', Simon Schama, Penguin 1989 p. 236 on behalf of the Ferme générale (''General Farm''), a tax farming corporation that paid the French State for the right to collect (and keep) certain taxes. L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avenue Kléber
The Avenue Kléber () is an avenue in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France, one of the twelve avenues that converge on the Place Charles de Gaulle. It was named after Jean Baptiste Kléber, a French general during the French Revolutionary Wars. Before 1879, it was called the Avenue du Roi-de-Rome, in memory of Napoleon II. The avenue is "lined with grand examples of the ceremonial, yet never austere, buildings favored by Haussmann." Of note are the Icelandic and Peruvian Peruvians (''/peruanas'') are the citizens of Peru. What is now Peru has been inhabited for several millennia by cultures such as the Caral before the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. Peruvian population decreased from an estimated 5–9 ... embassies (no. 8 and no. 50, respectively), the Hôtel Raphael at no. 17, and The Peninsula Paris hotel at no. 19. French composer Henri Büsser lived at no. 71. Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill, lived at no. 34 shortly after the death of her husb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avenue Marceau
The Avenue Marceau () is an avenue in Paris, France, marking the boundary between its 8th and 16th arrondissements. History Named after General François Séverin Marceau (1769–1796), it runs from the Avenue du Président-Wilson (almost parallel with the Place de l'Alma) to the Place Charles de Gaulle. It was originally decreed on 13 August 1854 and only ran between the Rue Circulaire and then-Place de l'Étoile before being extended as far as the Avenue de l'Empereur by decree of 6 March 1858. It was named the Avenue Joséphine after Joséphine de Beauharnais Joséphine Bonaparte (, born Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie; 23 June 1763 – 29 May 1814) was the first wife of Emperor Napoleon I and as such Empress of the French from 18 May 1804 until their marriage was annulled on 10 Janua ... by the 1858 decree before being given its present name by another decree of 16 August 1879, which also renamed the Rue de Wattignies to the existing Rue Marceau in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avenue De Wagram
The Avenue de Wagram is a street in the 8th and 17th arrondissements of Paris, extending from the Place de Wagram to the Place Charles de Gaulle (formerly ''Place de l'Étoile'', and the site of the Arc de Triomphe). It is long and wide, and is divided into two sections by the Place des Ternes. It was renamed on 2 March 1864 after Napoleon's 1809 victory at the Battle of Wagram; the section between the Avenue des Ternes and the Place de l'Étoile was formerly known as the ''Boulevard de l'Étoile'' or ''Boulevard de Bezons'' and the section between the Avenue des Ternes and the Place de Wagram, as ''Route départementale n°6''. History The street was first opened on 16 January 1789 between the Rue de Tilsitt and the Rue du Faubourg-Saint-Honoré, then on 13 August 1854 was extended to the Place de l'Étoile. Buildings Surviving * Salle Wagram Destroyed Notable inhabitants * Prosper d'Épinay (1836–1914), sculptor (n° 26, in 1910). * René Lenormand (1846–1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haussmann's Renovation Of Paris
Haussmann's renovation of Paris was a vast public works programme commissioned by French Emperor Napoleon III and directed by his prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugène Haussmann, between 1853 and 1870. It included the demolition of medieval neighbourhoods that were deemed overcrowded and unhealthy by officials at the time, the building of wide avenues, new parks and squares, the annexation of the suburbs surrounding Paris, and the construction of new sewers, fountains and aqueducts. Haussmann's work was met with fierce opposition, and he was dismissed by Napoleon III in 1870. Work on his projects continued until 1927. The street plan and distinctive appearance of the centre of Paris today are largely the result of Haussmann's renovation. Background Overcrowding, disease, crime and unrest in the centre of the old Paris In the middle of the 19th century, the centre of Paris was viewed as overcrowded, dark, dangerous, and unhealthy. In 1845, the French social reformer Vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon III
Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last monarch of France. Prior to his reign, Napoleon III was known as Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. He was born at the height of the First French Empire in the Tuileries Palace at Paris, the son of Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland (r. 1806–1810), and Hortense de Beauharnais, and paternal nephew of the reigning Emperor Napoleon I. It would only be two months following his birth that he, in accordance with Napoleon I's dynastic naming policy, would be bestowed the name of Charles-Louis Napoleon, however, shortly thereafter, Charles was removed from his name. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was the first and only president of the French Second Republic, 1848 French presidential election, elected in 1848. He 1851 French coup d'état, seized power by force i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second French Empire
The Second French Empire, officially the French Empire, was the government of France from 1852 to 1870. It was established on 2 December 1852 by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, president of France under the French Second Republic, who proclaimed himself Emperor of the French as Napoleon III. The period was one of significant achievements in infrastructure and economy, while France reasserted itself as the dominant power in Europe. Historians in the 1930s and 1940s disparaged the Second Empire as a precursor of fascism, but by the late 20th century it was re-evaluated as an example of a modernizing regime. Historians have generally given the Second Empire negative evaluations on its foreign policy, and somewhat more positive assessments of domestic policies, especially after Napoleon III liberalised his rule after 1858. He promoted French business and exports. The greatest achievements included a railway network that facilitated commerce and tied the nation together with Paris a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July Monarchy
The July Monarchy (), officially the ''Kingdom of France'' (), was a liberalism, liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 9 August 1830, after the revolutionary victory of the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 26 February 1848, with the French Revolution of 1848, Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X of France, Charles X, the last king of the main line House of Bourbon. Louis Philippe I, a member of the more liberal House of Orléans, Orléans branch of the House of Bourbon, proclaimed himself as ("popular monarchy, King of the French") rather than "King of France", emphasizing the popular origins of his reign. The king promised to follow the ''juste milieu'', or the middle-of-the-road, avoiding the extremes of both the conservative supporters of Charles X and radicals on the left. The July Monarchy was dominat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Philippe I
Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, the penultimate monarch of France, and the last French monarch to bear the title "King". He abdicated from his throne during the French Revolution of 1848, which led to the foundation of the French Second Republic. Louis Philippe was the eldest son of Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (later known as Philippe Égalité). As Duke of Chartres, the younger Louis Philippe distinguished himself commanding troops during the French Revolutionary Wars and was promoted to lieutenant general by the age of 19 but broke with the First French Republic over its decision to execute King Louis XVI. He fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy. His father fell under suspicion and was executed during the Reign of Terror. Louis Philippe remained in exile for 21 years until the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First French Empire
The First French Empire or French Empire (; ), also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. It lasted from 18 May 1804 to 6 April 1814 and again briefly from 20 March 1815 to 7 July 1815, when Napoleon was exiled to Saint Helena. Although France had already established a French colonial empire, colonial empire overseas since the early 17th century, the French state had remained a France in the early modern period, kingdom under the Bourbons and a French First Republic, republic after the French Revolution. Historians refer to Napoleon's regime as the ''First Empire'' to distinguish it from the restorationist ''Second French Empire, Second Empire'' (1852–1870) ruled by his nephew Napoleon III. On 18 May 1804 (28 Floréal year XII on the French Republican calendar), Napoleon was granted the title Emperor of the French (, ) by the French and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career of Napoleon, a series of military campaigns across Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815. He led the French First Republic, French Republic as French Consulate, First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then ruled the First French Empire, French Empire as Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814, and briefly again in 1815. He was King of Italy, King of Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic), Italy from 1805 to 1814 and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine from 1806 to 1813. Born on the island of Corsica to a family of Italian origin, Napoleon moved to mainland France in 1779 and was commissioned as an officer in the French Royal Army in 1785. He supported the French Rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
