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Pitjantjatjara People
The Pitjantjatjara (; or ) are an Aboriginal people of the Central Australian desert near Uluru. They are closely related to the Yankunytjatjara and Ngaanyatjarra and their languages are, to a large extent, mutually intelligible (all are varieties of the Western Desert language). They refer to themselves as Anangu (people). The Pitjantjatjara live mostly in the northwest of South Australia, extending across the border into the Northern Territory to just south of Lake Amadeus, and west a short distance into Western Australia. The land is an inseparable and important part of their identity, and every part of it is rich with stories and meaning to aṉangu. Pronunciation The ethnonym ''Pitjantjatjara'' is usually pronounced (in normal, fast speech) with elision of one of the repeated syllables ''-tja-'', thus: ''pitjantjara''. In more careful speech all syllables will be pronounced. Etymology The name ''Pitjantjatjara'' derives from the word ''pitjantja'', a nominalise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Australia
Central Australia, also sometimes referred to as the Red Centre, is an inexactly defined region associated with the geographic centre of Australia. In its narrowest sense it describes a region that is limited to the town of Alice Springs and its immediate surrounds including the MacDonnell Ranges. Commonly, it refers to an area up to from Alice Springs, in every direction. In its broadest use it can include almost any region in inland Australia that has remained relatively undeveloped, and in this sense is synonymous with the term Outback. In a modern, more formal sense it can refer to the administrative region used by the Northern Territory government, as of 2022. Centralia is another term associated with the area, most commonly used by locals. Administrative region of the NT Economic region There are six regions in the Northern Territory for the purposes of economic planning, as defined by the Northern Territory Government: * Central Australia * Darwin, Palmersto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Australia
Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a land area of , and is also the List of country subdivisions by area, second-largest subdivision of any country on Earth. Western Australia has a diverse range of climates, including tropical conditions in the Kimberley (Western Australia), Kimberley, deserts in the interior (including the Great Sandy Desert, Little Sandy Desert, Gibson Desert, and Great Victoria Desert) and a Mediterranean climate on the south-west and southern coastal areas. the state has 2.965 million inhabitants—10.9 percent of the national total. Over 90 percent of the state's population live in the South-West Land Division, south-west corner and around 80 percent live in the state capital Perth, leaving the remainder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oak Valley, South Australia
Oak Valley is the only community of Maralinga Tjarutja Aboriginal Council (AC) Local Government Area (LGA), South Australia. The population fluctuates, but a 2016 survey reported around 128 people, mostly Aboriginal. It is approximately NNW of the original Maralinga township, and lies at the southern edge of the Great Victoria Desert. It is named for the desert oaks that populate the vicinity of the community. It was established in 1984 with funds provided as compensation for the dispossession of the Maralinga people from their lands following the British nuclear tests which took place between 1956 and 1963. The risks associated with living in an area contaminated by plutonium, even after the cleanup have been a significant concern. In 2003 South Australian Premier Mike Rann and Education Minister Trish White opened a new school at Oak Valley, replacing what had been described as the "worst school in Australia". In May 2004, following the passage of special legislation, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yalata, South Australia
Yalata ( ), in the isolated far west of South Australia, is both an Indigenous Protected Area and, within that, a township of the same name where an Aboriginal community lives. The township is west of Ceduna – the nearest town – via the Eyre Highway, and by road from the state capital, Adelaide. It lies on the traditional lands of the Wirangu people. The settlement began as Yalata Mission in the early 1950s when Pila Nguru people were moved from Ooldea Mission when that closed, after previously being moved from their land in the Great Victoria Desert owing to nuclear testing by the British Government. The old Colona sheep station nearby is now part of Yalata Indigenous Protected Area. ''The Atlas of South Australia'' describes the Yalata area as: Demography In the , the Yalata Indigenous Protected Area, including the Yalata township, had a population of 313 and the township's population was 302 – an increase of 54 or 22 per cent from the 2016 census – of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipalyatjara, South Australia
Pipalyatjara (formerly Mount Davies) is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pukatja, Kaltjiti, Indulkana, and Mimili). Other smaller communities include Nyapari, Kanpi, Kalka and Yunyarinyi. The residents are mainly Anangu who speak Pitjantjatjara as their first language.The closest community is Kalka to the west. Time zone Due to its links with the Northern Territory and proximity to the border, the APY Lands do not observe daylight savings unlike the rest of South Australia. The time zone observed throughout the year is Australian Central Standard Time ( UTC+9:30), in line with Darwin rather than Adelaide. Geography Pipalyatjara is situated approximately south-west of Alice Springs on the Gunbarrel Highway, an unsealed road. Pipalyatjara is approximately from the junction of the South Australian, Western Australi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalka, South Australia
Kalka is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia administered under the '' Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981''. At the 2016 Australian census, Kalka had a population of 92. The community uses many of the facilities at nearby Pipalyatjara. Time zone Due to its links with the Northern Territory and proximity to the border, the APY Lands do not observe daylight savings, unlike the rest of South Australia. The time zone observed throughout the year is Australian Central Standard Time ( UTC+9:30), in line with Darwin rather than Adelaide. Geography Kalka is situated in the far northwest of South Australia, right alongside the Gunbarrel Highway. The Kalka community is just kilometres from the Surveyor-General's Corner (the intersection of the South Australia, Western Australia and Northern Territory borders). The community of Pipalyatjara is situated 15 kilometres away by road, on the south sid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amata, South Australia
Amata (formerly Musgrave Park) is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Pukatja, Kaltjiti, Indulkana, Mimili and Pipalyatjara). Amata is part of the Amata – Tjurma electorate. The people of the Tjurma Homelands regard themselves as a separate community. Time zone Due to its proximity to the border of the Northern Territory, Amata does not observe daylight saving time unlike the rest of South Australia. The time zone observed throughout the year is Australian Central Standard Time ( UTC+9:30), in line with Darwin rather than Adelaide. Geography and governance Amata lies about due south of Uluru and south-west of Alice Springs, in the north-west of South Australia, within the Anangu Pitjantjatjara lands. It is located at the western end of the Musgrave Ranges, about south of the border with the Northern Territory. Being above sea le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pukatja, South Australia
Pukatja (formerly Ernabella, ) is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pipalyatjara, Fregon/ Kaltjiti, Indulkana and Mimili). Established as a Presbyterian mission in 1937 with enlightened practices which maintained the Pitjantjatjara language at the school and church services, Ernabella was handed over to the community in 1974 and was later named Pukatja. Ernabella Arts is Australia's oldest continuously running Indigenous art centre. Time zone Due to its links with the Northern Territory and proximity to the border, the APY Lands do not observe daylight savings unlike the rest of South Australia. The time zone observed throughout the year is Australian Central Standard Time ( UTC+9:30), in line with Darwin rather than Adelaide. Geography Pukatja is in the eastern Musgrave Ranges, west of the Stuart Highway, about south of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitjantjatjara Language
Pitjantjatjara ( ; or ) is a dialect of the Western Desert language traditionally spoken by the Pitjantjatjara people of Central Australia. It is mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible with other varieties of the Western Desert language, and is particularly closely related to the Yankunytjatjara dialect. The names for the two groups are based on their respective words for 'come/go.' Pitjantjatjara is a relatively healthy Australian Aboriginal languages, Aboriginal language, with children learning it. It is taught in some Aboriginal Australians, Aboriginal schools. The literacy rate for first language speakers is 50–70%; and is 10–15% for second language, second-language learners. There is a Pitjantjatjara dictionary, and the New Testament of the Bible has been translated into the language, a project started at the Pukatja, Ernabella Mission in the early 1940s and completed in 2002. Work continues on the Old Testament. History since European settlement The Ernabe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngaatjatjarra
The Ngaatjatjarra (otherwise spelt Ngadadjara) are an Indigenous Australian people of Western Australia, with communities located in the north eastern part of the Goldfields-Esperance region. Name The ethnonym Ngaatjatjarra essentially translates to "''ngaatja''-having", ''ngaatja'' meaning "this, here" and ''-tjarra'' meaning "with, having". Compare the neighbouring people Ngaanyatjarra, which translates to "-having", where instead "this, here" translates to . Language Ngaatjatjarra is mutually intelligible with Ngaanyatjarra, and both are treated as dialects of the one language. Country Norman Tindale assigned them traditional lands he estimated as covering roughly . The centre of their traditional life was in the Warburton Ranges and in particular at a site, Warupuju Spring, where water was always available. Their eastern frontiers lay around Fort Welcome, the Blackstone Ranges, Murray Range and Mount Hinckley. In the southeast, their furthest boundary was at the ''Ero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngaatjatjarra Language
Ngaatjatjarra (also ''Ngaatjatjara'', ''Ngaadadjarra'') is an Australian Aboriginal dialect of the Western Desert language. It is spoken in the Western Desert cultural bloc which covers about 600,000 square kilometres of the central and central-western desert. It is very similar to its close neighbours Ngaanyatjarra, Pitjantjatjara and Pintupi, with which it is highly mutually intelligible. Most Ngaatjatjarra live in the communities of Warburton, Warakurna, Tjukurla or Kaltukatjara. Name The name ''Ngaatjatjarra'' derives from the word ''ngaatja'' 'this' which, combined with the comitative suffix ''-tjarra'' means something like ngaatja''-having'. This distinguishes it from its near neighbour Ngaanyatjarra which has ''ngaanya'' for 'this'. Phonology Vowels Orthography is in brackets. Sign language The Ngaatjatjarra have (or had) a signed form of their language, though it is not clear from records that it was particularly well-developed compared to other Austr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngaanyatjarra Language
Ngaanyatjarra (; also Ngaanyatjara, Ngaanjatjarra) is a dialect of the Western Desert language spoken primarily by the Ngaanyatjarra people. It is very similar to its close neighbour Ngaatjatjarra, with which it is highly mutually intelligible. Name The name ''Ngaanyatjarra'' derives from the word 'this' which, combined with the comitative suffix means 'having (as the word for 'this')'. This distinguishes it from its near neighbour Ngaatjatjarra, which has for 'this'. Phonology Orthography An orthography is a set of convention (norm), conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, punctuation, Word#Word boundaries, word boundaries, capitalization, hyphenation, and Emphasis (typography), emphasis. Most national ... is in brackets. Vowels * Before alveolar consonants, the two vowels are pronounced as . * Before velar consonants, the three vowels are pronounced as . * Vowel sounds are rhotacized when preceding retroflex consonants. Consonants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
