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Pir Ahmed
Pir Ahmed of Karaman was a bey of Karamanids, Karaman Beylik, a Sunni Muslim Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman principality in Anatolia in the 15th century. He was son of Ibrahim II of Karaman and Ilaldi Sultan Hatun, daughter of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed I, and had a daughter, Hilmiye Hatun. Struggle for the throne When his father İbrahim II of Karaman, İbrahim Bey died in 1464, he tried to ascend to throne. But his half brother İshak of Karaman, İshak Bey who was the legal heir, struggled for the throne and became the bey with the support of Uzun Hasan, the sultan of Aq Qoyunlu, Akkoyunlu (White Sheep) Oghuz Turks, Turkomans. Nevertheless, Pir Ahmet didn't give up. He asked Ottoman Empire, Ottoman sultan Mehmet II for support and offered a part of his beylik in return to support. With Ottoman support he defeated his brother in the battle of Dağpazarı, Mut, Dağpazarı. İshak escaped to Silifke, the southern frontier of the beylik and Pir Ahmet assumed the title bey. As a bey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karamanids
The Karamanids ( tr, Karamanoğulları or ), also known as the Emirate of Karaman and Beylik of Karaman ( tr, Karamanoğulları Beyliği), was one of the Anatolian beyliks, centered in South-Central Anatolia around the present-day Karaman Province. From the middle 1300s until its fall in 1487, the Karamanid dynasty was one of the most powerful beyliks in Anatolia. History The Karamanids traced their ancestry from Hodja Sad al-Din and his son Nure Sufi Bey, who emigrated from Arran (roughly encompassing modern-day Azerbaijan) to Sivas because of the Mongol invasion in 1230. The Karamanids were members of the Salur tribe of Oghuz Turks. According to Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu and others, they were members of the Afshar tribe,Cahen, Claude, ''Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A General Survey of the Material and Spiritual Culture and History c. 1071–1330'', trans. J. Jones-Williams (New York: Taplinger, 1968), pp. 281–2. which participated in the revolt led by Baba Ishak and afterwards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konya
Konya () is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium (), although the Seljuks also called it Darü'l-Mülk, meaning "seat of government". In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. As of 2021, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,277,017, making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara . Of this, 1,390,051 lived in the three urban districts of Meram, Selçuklu and Karatay. Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train ( YHT) services from Istanbul and Ankara. The local airport ( Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by flights from Istanbul. Etymology of Iconium Konya was known in classical antiquity and during the medieval period as (''Ikónion'') in Greek (with regular Medieval Greek apheresis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th-century Karamanid Rulers
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian dates from 1 January 1401 (Roman numerals, MCDI) to 31 December 1500 (Roman numerals, MD). In History of Europe, Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The Perspective (graphical), architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive Kingdom of France, French victory over the Kingdom of England, English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII of England, Henry VII at the Battle of Boswo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1474 Deaths
Year 1474 (Roman numerals, MCDLXXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * February – The Treaty of Utrecht (1474), Treaty of Utrecht puts an end to the Anglo-Hanseatic War. * March 19 – The Venetian Senate, Senate of the Republic of Venice enacts the ''Venetian Patent Statute'', one of the earliest patent systems in the world. New and inventive devices, once put into practice, have to be communicated to the Republic to obtain the right to prevent others from using them. This is considered the first modern patent system. * July 25 – By signing the Treaty of London (1474), Treaty of London, Charles the Bold of Burgundy agrees to support Edward IV of England's planned invasion of France. * December 12 – Upon the death of Henry IV of Castile, a civil war ensues between his designated successor Isabella I of Castile, and her niece Joanna la Beltraneja, Juana, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayburt
Bayburt () is a city in northeast Turkey lying on the Çoruh River and is the provincial capital of Bayburt Province. According to the 2021 census the population is determined as around 82,274. Bayburt was once an important center on the ancient Silk Road. It was visited by Marco Polo and Evliya Çelebi. Remains of its medieval castle still exist. There are several historical mosques, Turkish baths, and tombs in the city. There are also ancient historical sites such as the Çatalçeşme Underground Complex and natural wonders like the Sirakayalar Waterfall in the other parts of the province. Name and etymology The name of the town was formerly written in Ottoman Turkish as بايبورد (''Bayburd'') and in English as Baiburt. It was known under a variety of names during the Byzantine period; Procopius naming the city ''Baiberdon'', meanwhile Kedrenos calling it ''Paiperte''. The name derives from the medieval Armenian ''Baydbert'' ().http://www.vehi.net/istoriya/armenia/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tımar
A timar was a land grant by the sultans of the Ottoman Empire between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries, with an annual tax revenue of less than 20,000 akçes. The revenues produced from the land acted as compensation for military service. A holder of a timar was known as a timariot. If the revenues produced from the timar were from 20,000 to 100,000 ''akçes'', the land grant was called a ''zeamet'', and if they were above 100,000 ''akçes'', the grant would be called a '' hass''.Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 99 Timar system In the Ottoman Empire, the timar system was one in which the projected revenue of a conquered territory was distributed in the form of temporary land grants among the Sipahis (cavalrymen) and other members of the military class including Janissaries and other kuls (slaves) of the sultan. These prebends were given as compensation for annual military service, for which they received no pay. In rare circumstances women could become timar holders. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, cultural and historic hub. The city straddles the Bosporus strait, lying in both Europe and Asia, and has a population of over 15 million residents, comprising 19% of the population of Turkey. Istanbul is the list of European cities by population within city limits, most populous European city, and the world's List of largest cities, 15th-largest city. The city was founded as Byzantium ( grc-gre, Βυζάντιον, ) in the 7th century BCE by Ancient Greece, Greek settlers from Megara. In 330 CE, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great made it his imperial capital, renaming it first as New Rome ( grc-gre, Νέα Ῥώμη, ; la, Nova Roma) and then as Constantinople () after himself. The city grew in size and influence, eventually becom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beyşehir
Beyşehir () is a large town and district of Konya Province in the Akdeniz region of Turkey. The town is located on the southeastern shore of Lake Beyşehir and is marked to the west and the southwest by the steep lines and forests of the Taurus Mountains, while a fertile plain, an extension of the lake area, extends in the southeastern direction. According to 2000 census, the population of the district is 118,144 of which 41,312 live in the town of Beyşehir. History The Hittite monument situated in Beyşehir's depending locality of Eflatunpınar, at a short distance to the northeast from the town, proves that the Hittite Empire had reached as far as the region, marking in fact, in the light of present knowledge, the limits of their extension to the southwest. Evidence points out that an earlier settlement, perhaps dating back to the Neolithic Age, was also located in Eflatunpınar. Another important early settlement was located in Erbaba Höyük, situated to the south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Kıreli
Battle of Kıreli is a battle fought between the Ottoman Empire and Aq Qoyuniu with the Karamanids. The Ottoman army was under the command of Anatolian Beylerbeyi Koca Davud Pasha and Karaman Beylerbeyi Mustafa Çelebi (son of Mehmed the Conqueror). Battle Aq Qoyunlu prince Yusufça Mirza came to Akşehir Akşehir is a town and district of Konya Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. According to 2000 census, population of the district is 114,918 of which 63,000 live in the town of Akşehir. The town is situated at the edge of a fertil ... by trampling the Konya Plain with his army. Here, learning that Mustafa Çelebi was marching on him, he went south and met the Ottoman army in Kıreli. The Aq Qoyunlu army, which launched a sudden attack as soon as the battle started, faltered in the face of the rapid response of the Ottomans and lost its battle order. While most of the Aq Qoyunlu army was destroyed, Yusufça Mirza and his brothers Zeynel and Ömer Mirzas w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Otlukbeli
The Battle of Otlukbeli or Otluk Beli was a battle between Aq Qoyunlu and the Ottoman Empire that was fought on August 11, 1473. Background In autumn of 1463, Republic of Venice opened negotiations with Uzun Hasan. In 1464, Uzun Hasan intervened in central Anatolian affairs. Although Mehmed occupied Karaman in 1468, he was unable to subjugate a number of Turkoman tribes living in the mountains which extended to the Mediterranean coast. These tribes were not subdued for the next fifty years, and from time to time rose in revolt around pretenders to the throne of Karamanids. After the Ottoman occupation of Karaman, Uzun Hasan adopted a more aggressive policy. By 1471, the problem of Karaman had become a serious threat to the Ottoman power. Uzun Hasan formed alliance with the Venetians and established contacts with the Knights of Rhodes, Kingdom of Cyprus and the Bey of Alaiye. He also intended to establish a direct contact with Venice by marching on the Mediterranean coast throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kasım Of Karaman
Kasım of Karaman (died 1493) was the last bey of the Karaman Beylik, a Turkish principality in Anatolia in the 15th century. After a brief reign, his brother Pir Ahmet Bey lost most his beylik (principality) to the Ottoman Empire, and both brothers escaped to Akkoyunlu Turkmen's territory. With Akkoyunlu support they tried to regain their former possessions. Although they weren't able to regain their losses, Kasım allied himself with Republic of Venice, and with the help of a Venetian navy, he was briefly able to keep Silifke and the Mediterranean coast of the beylik. However, following the campaigns of Gedik Ahmed Pasha of the Ottoman Empire, he lost all of his possessions in 1475. Nevertheless, during the Ottoman Interregnum following the death of the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II, Kasım allied himself with the pretender Cem and almost reconstructed the former Karaman beylik. However Cem was defeated by his brother Bayazıt II. After Cem escaped and took refuge with the Knigh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gedik Ahmet Pasha
Gedik Ahmed Pasha (; died 18 November 1482) was an Ottoman statesman and admiral who served as Grand Vizier and Kapudan Pasha (Grand Admiral of the Ottoman Navy) during the reigns of sultans Mehmed II and Bayezid II. Very little was known about Gedik Ahmed Pasha in primary sources until late in historiography. Serbia and Albania had both been proposed as geographical regions for his birthplace and Mükrimin Halil Yinanç had even claimed that he was descended from the Byzantine Greek Palaiologos dynasty based on unnamed Western sources Yinanç claimed to have access to. Later research in the Ottoman archives of Vranje (southeastern Serbia) by Aleksandar Stojanovski established that Gedik Ahmed Pasha was a member of the local Serbian feudal families of the area and was born in the village Punoševce. Leading the Ottoman Army, he defeated the last Anatolian beylik (principality) resisting Ottoman expansion in the region, the Karamanids. The Karamanids had been the strongest prin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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