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Piperville
Piperville is a small rural community in Osgoode Ward in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, about 4 kilometres southwest of Carlsbad Springs and 16 kilometres southeast of Downtown Ottawa. History Piperville was originally marshland, with what is now Russell road having been used as a trail for Algonquins on their way north to bring goods into Ottawa. The swamp was partially drained in the early 1880s by the Canada Atlantic Railway Company to make land usable for pastures. A train station opened in 1901 and closed in 1957. Its opening significantly increased Piperville’s population. However, the area was impoverished, largely due to low crop yields as a result of poor soil quality. Imperfect drainage of the swamp resulted in formations of leda clay deposits. The poor quality gleyed melanic brunisol soil, in combination with inflated land prices due to its proximity to Ottawa as well as its railway connections to New York and Montreal, resulted in the impoverishment of most of Piper ...
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Carlsbad Springs
Carlsbad Springs is a rural community on Bear Brook in Osgoode Ward in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Prior to amalgamation in 2001, the community was on the border between Gloucester and Cumberland. According to the Canada 2011 Census, the population of the surrounding area is 916 (area bounded on the north by Renaud Road and the CP Railway, 10th Line, on the east by Smith Road, Milton Road, Russell Road and Sand Road, on the south by Highway 417 and on the west by Anderson Road). History Mineral spa-hotel era: 1870–1930 The village, which was near Canada's capital city of Ottawa, was first known as Boyd's Mills, after the proprietor of the local mill on the Bear Brook, the first to process white pine lumber. It was later a grain mill when the land was cleared in the early 19th century and wheat farming began. It later became as Eastman's Springs, after Danny Eastman, who built the first inn to lodge travelers. In 1870, businessmen including future Ottawa Mayor C.W. Bangs for ...
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Osgoode Ward
Osgoode Ward (Ward 20) is a municipal ward located in the rural southeast corner of the City of Ottawa. It mostly consists of the former Osgoode Township and parts of the former city of Gloucester and Cumberland. It has been represented on Ottawa City Council by Isabelle Skalski since her election in a by-election in June 2025. The ward contains the communities of Greely, Osgoode, Metcalfe, Vars, Edwards, Carlsbad Springs, Kenmore, Vernon, South Gloucester, Ficko, Limebank, Johnston Corners and Piperville. The ward was created for the 2000 municipal elections in preparation for Osgoode Township's amalgamation into the city of Ottawa. From 1994 to 2000, Osgoode Township was located in Cumberland-Osgoode Ward on the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton regional council. From 1969 to 1994 the mayor/reeve of the Township was the area's representative on regional council. From 2000 to 2006, the ward consisted solely of the former Township of Osgoode. Beginning with th ...
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CJRO-FM
CJRO-FM is a radio station which broadcasts a community radio format on the frequency 107.7 FM (MHz) in Carlsbad Springs, Ontario, Canada. History The station originally began as a tourist information radio station in 2017. Owned by CJRO Radio inc, the station received CRTC approval to operate a low-power, english and french-language community FM radio station in Carlsbad Springs, Ontario, and with a low-power FM rebroadcasting transmitter in Vars on May 7, 2019. The station officially launched on January 11, 2020 and also operates an FM rebroadcaster on 107.9 FM at Vars, Ontario. On November 9, 2020, the station received CRTC approval to add another FM transmitter in Embrun, Ontario at 107.7 MHz (channel 299LP) with an effective radiated power of 40 watts (non-directional antenna with an effective height of the antenna above average terrain of 69 metres). On May 3, 2021, Carlsbad Springs Community Association applied to add a new FM transmitter at Sarsfield, Ontario whi ...
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List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 205 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member states of the United Nations, UN member states, two United Nations General Assembly observers#Current non-member observers, UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and ten other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and one UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (15 states, of which there are six UN member states, one UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and eight de facto states), and states having a political status of the Cook Islands and Niue, special political status (two states, both in associated state, free association with New ...
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Jewish Colonisation Association
The Jewish Colonisation Association (JCA or ICA; ) was an organisation created on September 11, 1891, by Baron Maurice de Hirsch. Its aim was to facilitate the mass emigration of Jews from Russia and other Eastern European countries, by settling them in agricultural settlements on lands purchased by the committee in North America (Canada and the United States), South America (Argentina and Brazil) and Ottoman Palestine. Today ICA is still active in Israel in supporting specific development projects under the name Jewish Charitable Association (ICA). History Argentina Zadoc Kahn presented the German Jewish philanthropist Baron Maurice de Hirsch with the project of setting up a Jewish settlement in Argentina, before JCA was created in 1891. Theodor Herzl considered it expensive and unrealistic. In 1896, when Hirsch died, the association owned a thousand square kilometers of land in the country on which lived a thousand households, the “Jewish gauchos”. It focused on agricultur ...
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Line 1 (O-Train)
Line 1 (), also known as the Confederation Line (), is a light rail line operated by OC Transpo in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, part of the city's O-Train system. It opened on September 14, 2019, and is O-Train's second line. It operates on an east–west route, with a segment under Queen Street in the downtown core, complementing the north–south Line 2 (O-Train), Line 2 that operates to the west of the downtown core. Despite using light rail rolling stock and technology (e.g. pantograph electrical pickup from Overhead line, overhead catenary rather than a third rail), Line 1 is completely grade separated. The project was approved by the Ottawa City Council and the contract was awarded in December 2012. Construction began in 2013. At a cost of just over , the first stage of the line was the largest infrastructure project awarded in the history of the city before being surpassed by the Stage 2 extension of the line, which was projected to cost $4.66billion.Schepers (December 4, 201 ...
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O-Train
The O-Train is a light rail system in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, operated by OC Transpo. The O-Train system consists of three lines, all of which are fully Grade separation, grade-separated. As of March 2025, one line is currently being extended and a new line will be added as part of the Stage 2 project, with new segments being phased in between 2025 and 2027. The O-Train network currently operates one Electric multiple unit, electric light rail line, Line 1 (O-Train), Line 1, and two Hybrid rail, diesel light rail lines, Line 2 (O-Train), Line 2 and Line 4 (O-Train), Line 4. Line 1 travels in a 2.8 km tunnel in the downtown core, and the rest of the network continues to operate grade-separated on surface-level, trenched, or elevated tracks. Line 1 is being extended in both directions, with the eastward extension to Trim station in Orleans scheduled to open first in 2025. By 2027, the westward expansion of Line 1 to Baseline station, Algonquin station and the construction of new L ...
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Vars, Ontario
Vars is a compact rural community in Osgoode Ward in the east end of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. According to the Canada 2021 Census, the population of Vars was 1,579,Population calculated by combining Dissemination Areas 35061119, 35061120 and 35061121 using the boundaries defined in the Vars neighbourhood planning study area. Facilities Vars has St-Guillaume, a French elementary school, two churches (one Anglican (closed, last service November 18 2024,) one Roman Catholic,) and Alcide Trudeau Park. There are a few businesses, including a pizzeria and a pharmarcy. The village’s fire station, Ottawa Fire Service's Station 73, was relocated in 2007 to the south end of Frank Kenny Road. The local youth softball teams the Vars Vipers and Vikings, are both sponsored by local businesses. History The Bearbrook area, where Vars is located, was first inhabited in 1824 and by 1836 a small settlement had formed. Bear Brook took its name from the hardy bear population that foraged for ...
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OC Transpo
OC Transpo is the primary Transit district, public transport agency for the city of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, operating bus rapid transit, light rail, conventional transit bus, bus routes, and door-to-door paratransit in the nation's capital region. OC Transpo was established in 1948 as the Ottawa Transportation Commission, and currently operates three stadtbahn, urban rail lines, 11 bus rapid transit (BRT) lines, and 170 regular bus routes. OC Transpo serves List of O-Train stations, 25 light rail (O-Train) stations, and 43 BRT (Transitway (Ottawa), Transitway) stations. OC Transpo achieved a total ridership of 68 million in 2024. Ottawa was notable for its Transitway system, a network of grade separated busways linking outer suburbs to the downtown core which originally opened with five stations in 1983, and continued substantial expansion into the late 2000s. Much of the Transitway infrastructure has been, and is currently being, converted to light rail since the opening of th ...
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Hells Angels
The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club (HAMC) is an international outlaw motorcycle club founded in California whose members typically ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles. In the United States and Canada, the Hells Angels are incorporated as the Hells Angels Motorcycle Corporation. Common nicknames for the club are the "H.A.", "Red & White", and "81". With a membership of over 6,000, and 592 charters in 66 countries, the HAMC is the largest outlaw biker club in the world. The Hells Angels have a history of involvement in organized crime, such as drug trafficking, and engaging in violent conflict with other outlaw motorcycle clubs. Involvement in organized crime and violence has historically extended to the organization's most senior leadership. Many police and international intelligence agencies, including the United States Department of Justice, the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, the Australian Federal Police, and Europol, consider the club an organized crime syndicate. Histo ...
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Russell Road (Ontario)
Russell Road is an arterial road in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It begins in Ottawa in the Riverview neighbourhood and runs eastward through the rural communities of Ramsayville, Carlsbad Springs and Bearbrook in Ottawa and through the Municipality of Clarence-Rockland, connecting the communities of Cheney and Bourget, ending at Boundary Road on the eastern border of Clarence Rockland. In Ottawa it is officially Ottawa Road #26, and in Clarence-Rockland as United Counties of Prescott and Russell County Road #2. History The road was originally built in the 1830s from parts of an indigenous trail that led to Montreal. In the 19th century, it was also known as the "Ottawa and Russell macadamized road". and was owned by the Ottawa and Russell Macadamized Road Company. It would later be owned by the Ottawa, Montreal & Russell Road Company. The Carleton County 1879 Atlas shows the road running from the village of Janeville (now Vanier), southward following the east bank of the Rideau ...
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Armenian Apostolic Church
The Armenian Apostolic Church () is the Autocephaly, autocephalous national church of Armenia. Part of Oriental Orthodoxy, it is one of the most ancient Christianity, Christian churches. The Armenian Apostolic Church, like the Armenian Catholic Church, belongs to the Armenian Rite. The Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Kingdom of Armenia was the first state in history to adopt Christianity as its official religion (under the Armenian Apostolic traditions) during the rule of Tiridates III of Armenia, King Tiridates III, of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, Arsacid dynasty in the early 4th century. According to tradition, the church originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew the Apostle, Bartholomew and Jude the Apostle, Thaddeus (Jude) in the 1st century. St. Gregory the Illuminator was the first official primate (bishop), primate of the church. It is sometimes referred to as the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church, Armenian Church or Armenian Gregorian Church. The Armenian Ap ...
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