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Pidkamin Massacre
Pidkamin (; ) is a rural settlement in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine, near the administrative border of three oblasts, Lviv, Rivne, and Ternopil. Pidkamin hosts the administration of Pidkamin settlement hromada, one of the hromadas (municipalities) of Ukraine. Population: History During the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia, Pidkamin was a shelter for Poles, who escaped there to hide in the monastery. Some 2,000 people, the majority of whom were women and children, were living there when the monastery was attacked in mid-March 1944, by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, cooperating with the Ukrainian SS. Around 300 Poles were murdered in the monastery, and additional 500 were killed in the town of Pidkamin itself.Grzegorz Motyka, Ukraińska Partyzantka 1942-1960, Warszawa 2006 In the nearby village of Palikrovy, 300 Poles were killed, 20 in Maliniska and 16 in Chernytsia. Armed Ukrainian groups destroyed the monastery, stealing all valuables, except for the monaste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places In Ukraine
In Ukraine, the term "populated place" () refers to a structured component of the human settlement system, representing a stationary community within a territorially cohesive and compact area characterized by a significant concentration of population. Its defining attribute is the continuous presence of human inhabitants. Populated places in Ukraine are classified into two primary categories: urban and rural. Urban populated places are cities, whereas rural areas include villages and ''selyshches''. All populated places are governed by their hromada (municipality), be it a village, city or any other type of settlement. A municipality may consist of one or several populated places and is (except Kyiv and Sevastopol) a constituent part of a List of raions of Ukraine, raion (district) which in turn is constituents of an Oblasts of Ukraine, oblast (province). Besides regular populated places in Ukraine, that are part of administrative division and population census, there are sever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common History of Poland, history, Culture of Poland, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizenship, citizens of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to Roman Catholicism. The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the ''Polish diaspora, Polonia'') exists throughout Eurasia, the Americas, and Australasia. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the Warsaw metropolitan area and the Katowice urban area. Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic Lechites and other tribes t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belz
Belz (, ; ; ) is a small city in Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine, located near the border with Poland between the Solokiya River (a tributary of the Bug River) and the Richytsia stream. Belz hosts the administration of Belz urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately Origin of name There are a few theories as to the origin of the name: * Celtic – ''belz'' (water) or ''pelz'' (stream), * German – ' (fur, furry) * Old Slavic and the Boyko dialect – «белз» or «бевз» (muddy place), * Old East Slavic – «бълизь» (white place, a glade in the midst of dark woods). The name occurs only in two other places, the first being a Celtic area in antiquity, and the second one being derived from its Romanian name: * '' Belz'' (department Morbihan), Brittany, France * '' Bălți'' (/''Beljcy'', also known in Yiddish as ''Beltz''), Moldova (Bessarabia) History Early history Belz is situated in a fertile plain which tribes o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode
Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Poles, Hungarian, Lithuanian, Balkan, Russian people and other Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with '' palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. , means "war, fight," while , means "leading", thus in Old Slavic together meaning "war leader" or "warlord". The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Aleksander Potocki
Stefan Aleksander Potocki (born ; died 1726 or 1727), was a Polish nobleman, the voivode of Belz. With his second wife Joanna Sieniawska, he founded a UGCC Basilian monastery in Buchach in Lublin, on December 7, 1712. Owner of Buchach Castle. His father was Jan Potocki and his mother was Teresa Cetner, daughter of a Halicz castellan. His body was buried in the Dominican (now UGCC) monastery in Pidkamin. His son Mikołaj Bazyli Potocki became the Starost of Bohuslav and Kaniv, benefactor of the Buchach townhall, Pochayiv Lavra, and Dominican Church in Lviv, and a deputy in the Sejm. Biography He began his military career as a colonel in the Crown Army. In 1688 he became Great Crown Hunter. In 1694, he severely beat his brother-in-law, the voivode of Bratslav, Jan Gniński (son of Deputy Chancellor Jan Krzysztof Gniński), for which King Jan III Sobieski later accepted an apology. In July of the same year, he decided to marry Joanna Sieniawska, daughter of Mikołaj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold Buczkowski
Leopold Buczkowski (November 15, 1905 – April 27, 1989) was a Polish writer, poet, painter, graphic artist and sculptor. Biography Leopold Buczkowski was born on November 15, 1905, in Nakwasza, located in the former Austrian Empire, though now Nakvasha in Ukraine. He was the son of Tomasz Buczkowski and Anna Zając. From early childhood, he demonstrated some form of artistic talent. This was hindered by the difficult conditions of life in his hometown. From 1914 he lived in Podkamień, where he worked as a stone-cutter and sculptor in the 1930s. Buczkowski studied Polish Literature at Jagiellonian University in Kraków. He was also a free listener at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw, where he studied painting under the tutorship of Julian Fałat. At the outbreak of World War II, Buczkowski enlisted to defend Poland from Nazi forces in the so-called September Campaign. He became a POW, after which he lived in Lviv. In 1944, he survived the Pidkamin massacre, while his two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi
Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was frequently referred to as Hitler Fascism () and Hitlerism (). The term "neo-Nazism" is applied to other far-right groups with similar ideology, which formed after World War II, and after Nazi Germany collapsed. Nazism is a form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system. Its beliefs include support for dictatorship, fervent antisemitism, anti-communism, anti-Slavism, anti-Romani sentiment, scientific racism, white supremacy, Nordicism, social Darwinism, homophobia, ableism, and the use of eugenics. The ultranationalism of the Nazis originated in pan-Germanism and the ethno-nationalist ''Völkisch movement, Völkisch'' movement which had been a prominent aspect of German nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holocaust
The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were carried out primarily through mass shootings and poison gas in extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz concentration camp#Auschwitz II-Birkenau, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka extermination camp, Treblinka, Belzec extermination camp, Belzec, Sobibor extermination camp, Sobibor, and Chełmno extermination camp, Chełmno in Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupied Poland. Separate Nazi persecutions killed a similar or larger number of non-Jewish civilians and prisoners of war (POWs); the term ''Holocaust'' is sometimes used to include the murder and persecution of Victims of Nazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban-type Settlement
Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the Soviet Union and later also for a short time in People's Republic of Bulgaria, socialist Bulgaria and Polish People's Republic, socialist Poland. It remains in use today in nine of the post-Soviet states. The designation was used in all 15 member republics of the Soviet Union from 1922. It was introduced later in Poland (1954) and Bulgaria (1964). All the urban-type settlements in Poland were transformed into other types of settlement (town or village) in 1972. In Bulgaria and five of the post-Soviet republics (Armenia, Moldova, and the three Baltic states), they were changed in the early 1990s, while Ukraine followed suit in 2023. Today, this term is still used in the other nine post-Soviet republics – Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia (co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brody Raion
Brody Raion () was a raion (district) of Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was Brody. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of an administrative reform in Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion. The last estimate of the population of the raion was The raion was located at the easternmost portion of Lviv Oblast, bordering Rivne and Ternopil Oblasts to its east, Volyn Oblast to the north, Radekhiv Raion to the northwest, Busk Raion to the west, and Zolochiv Raion to the southwest. Historically, the district (county) had been known as a border checkpoint between the Austria-Hungary Empire and the Russian Empire. As a county (powiat), it was established in 1866 as part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. After World War I, the area became part of the Second Polish Republic's Tarnopol Voivodeship. During the invasion of Soviet forces at the beginning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
