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Physalaemus Deimaticus
''Physalaemus deimaticus'' is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality in Jaboticatubas, Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais. The specific name ''deimaticus'' is derived from Greek ''deimos'' fror "fear" and refers to the defensive display of this frog, probably aimed at scaring predators. Common names Jaboticatubas dwarf frog and frightening foam froglet have been coined for it. Description The type series consists of three specimens. The holotype is an adult female measuring in snout–vent length. The other female type is of similar size, whereas the male type measures in snout–vent length. The overall appearance is robust. The snout is short. No tympanum is visible. The fingers and the toes are long and have neither webbing nor expanded tips. The dorsum has granulose skin and is light gray to light reddish brown in color. The interorbital stripe, middorsal stripe that splits in two posteriorly, and latera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulisses Caramaschi
Ulisses Caramaschi is a Brazilian herpetologist specializing in neotropical frogs. He works at the National Museum of Brazil and is a professor at its Department of Vertebrates. Education Caramaschi possesses a bachelor's degree from the Botucatu campus of São Paulo State University and a master's from the University of Campinas in ecology, and a doctorate in biological science from São Paulo State University. Taxa described *'' Bufo scitulus'' *'' Chiasmocleis alagoanus'' *'' Chiasmocleis atlantica'' *'' Chiasmocleis capixaba'' *'' Chiasmocleis carvalhoi'' *'' Chiasmocleis cordeiroi'' *'' Chiasmocleis crucis'' *'' Chiasmocleis jimi'' *'' Chiasmocleis mehelyi'' *'' Crossodactylus bokermanni'' *'' Crossodactylus dantei'' *'' Crossodactylus lutzorum'' *'' Elachistocleis piauiensis'' *'' Gastrotheca pulchra'' *'' Hyla araguaya'' *'' Hyla atlantica'' *'' Hyla buriti'' *'' Hyla cachimbo'' *'' Hyla cerradensis'' *'' Hyla elianeae'' *'' Hyla ericae'' *'' Hyla ibitipoca'' *'' Hyla ize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Series
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally associated. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Frogs Of Brazil
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or, in scientific literature, as an ''endemite''. Similarly, many species found in the Western ghats of India are examples of endemism. Endemism is an important concept in conservation biology for measuring biodiversity in a particular place and evaluating the risk of extinction for species. Endemism is also of interest in evolutionary biology, because it provides clues about how changes in the environment cause species to undergo range shifts (potentially expanding their range into a larger area or becomi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalaemus
''Physalaemus'' is a large genus of Leptodactylidae, leptodactylid frogs. These frogs, sometimes known as dwarf frogs or foam frogs, are found in South America. It is very similar to ''Leptodactylus'', a close relative, and indeed the recently described ''Leptodactylus lauramiriamae'' is in some aspects intermediate between them. (2005): ''Leptodactylus lauramiriamae'', a distinctive new species of frog (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Rondônia, Brazil. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'' 118(3): 590–595. Digital Object Identifier, DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X(2005)118[590:LLADNS]2.0.CO;HTML abstract/ref> Species There are 50 or 49 species (AmphibiaWeb lists ''Physalaemus nattereri'' as ''Eupemphix nattereri ''): References Physalaemus, Leptodactylidae Amphibians of South America Taxa named by Leopold Fitzinger Amphibian genera {{Leptodactylidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Above Sea Level
Height above mean sea level is a measure of a location's vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) in reference to a vertical datum based on a historic mean sea level. In geodesy, it is formalized as orthometric height. The zero level varies in different countries due to different reference points and historic measurement periods. Climate change and other forces can cause sea levels and elevations to vary over time. Uses Elevation or altitude above sea level is a standard measurement for: * Geographic locations such as towns, mountains and other landmarks. * The top of buildings and other structures. * Mining infrastructure, particularly underground. * Flying objects such as airplanes or helicopters below a Transition Altitude defined by local regulations. Units and abbreviations Elevation or altitude is generally expressed as "metres above mean sea level" in the metric system, or " feet above mean sea level" in United States customary and imperial units. Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalaemus Nattereri
''Physalaemus nattereri'' (common name: Cuyaba dwarf frog) is a frog native to central and southeastern Brazil and eastern Bolivia and Paraguay. It inhabits savanna and Cerrado regions, always near permanent or temporary water bodies such as ponds and swamps, where it typically nests. The species is not adapted to areas with human activity. Males have an average length of , while females measure . The dorsal coloration ranges from light brown to dark brown or reddish, featuring a mosaic of darker spots or stripes. The ventral surface is light brown with dark spots. The species is unmistakable in its habitat due to a pair of ocelli on the posterior part of its body. Its testicles and other organs are brightly colored, a rare trait among anurans, caused by a high concentration of melanocytes. Its diet is generalist and opportunistic, primarily consisting of termites and ants. Despite an effective defense strategy and highly potent toxins, it can be preyed upon by various animals, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorsum (anatomy)
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to describe unambiguously the anatomy of humans and other animals. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether a vertebrate is a biped or a quadruped, due to the difference in the neuraxis, or if an invertebrate is a non-bilaterian. A non-bilaterian has no anterior or posterior surface for example but can still have a descriptor used such as proximal or distal in relation to a body part that is nearest to, or furthest from its middle. International organisations have determined vocabularies that are often used as standards for subdisciplines of anatomy. For example, '' Termi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tympanum (anatomy)
The tympanum is an external hearing structure in animals such as mammals, birds, some reptiles, some amphibians and some insects. Using sound, vertebrates and many insects are capable of sensing their prey, identifying and locating their predators, warning other individuals, and locating potential mates and rivals by hearing the intentional or unintentional sounds they make. In general, any animal that reacts to sounds or communicates by means of sound, needs to have an auditory mechanism. This typically consists of a membrane capable of vibration known as the tympanum, an air-filled chamber and sensory organs to detect the auditory stimuli. Insects Amphibia Anura In frogs and toads, the tympanum is a large external oval shape membrane made up of nonglandular skin. It is located just behind the eye. It does not process sound waves; it simply transmits them to the inner parts of the amphibian's ear, which is protected from the entry of water and other foreign objects. A fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype (Latin: ''holotypus'') is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany and mycology, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, generally pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same genetic individual. A holotype is not necessarily "ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Specific Name (zoology)
In zoological nomenclature, the specific name (also specific epithet, species epithet, or epitheton) is the second part (the second name) within the scientific name of a species (a binomen). The first part of the name of a species is the name of the genus or the generic name. The rules and regulations governing the giving of a new species name are explained in the article species description. For example, the scientific name for humans is ''Homo sapiens'', which is the species name, consisting of two names: ''Homo'' is the " generic name" (the name of the genus) and ''sapiens'' is the "specific name". Etymology Historically, ''specific name'' referred to the combination of what are now called the generic and specific names. Carl Linnaeus, who formalized binomial nomenclature, made explicit distinctions between specific, generic, and trivial names. The generic name was that of the genus, the first in the binomial, the trivial name was the second name in the binomial, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough skin texture due to wart-like parotoid glands tend to be called toads, but the distinction between frogs and toads is informal and purely cosmetic, not from taxonomy (biology), taxonomy or evolutionary history. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is in tropical rainforest and associated wetlands. They account for around 88% of extant amphibian species, and are one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders. The oldest fossil "proto-frog" ''Triadobatrachus'' is known from the Early Triassic of Madagascar (250Myr, million years ago), but molecular clock, molecular clock dating suggests their divergent evolution, divergence from other amphibians may exte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil, being the fourth largest state by area and the second largest in number of inhabitants with a population of 20,539,989 according to the 2022 Brazilian census, 2022 census. Located in the Southeast Region, Brazil, Southeast Region of the country, it is bordered to south and southwest by São Paulo (state), São Paulo; Mato Grosso do Sul to the west; Goiás and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District to the northwest; Bahia to the north and northeast; Espírito Santo to the east; and Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro to the southeast. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte, is a major urban and finance center in Brazil, being the List of largest cities in Brazil#Top 115 most populous cities and state capitals, sixth most populous municipality in the country while its Greater Belo Horizonte, metropolitan area ranks as the List of metropolitan areas in Brazil, third largest in Brazil with just ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
