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Pholcomma
''Pholcomma'' is a genus of Theridiidae, comb-footed spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Species it contains eleven species, found worldwide: *''Pholcomma antipodianum'' (Raymond Robert Forster, Forster, 1955) – New Zealand (Antipodes Is.) *''Pholcomma barnesi'' Herbert Walter Levi, Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma carota'' Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma gibbum'' (Westring, 1851) (Type species, type) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran? *''Pholcomma hickmani'' Forster, 1964 – New Zealand (Campbell Is.) *''Pholcomma hirsutum'' James Henry Emerton, Emerton, 1882 – USA, Canada *''Pholcomma mantinum'' Levi, 1964 – Brazil *''Pholcomma micropunctatum'' (Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão, Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina *''Pholcomma soloa'' (Brian J. Marples, Marples, 1955) – Samoa, Niue *''Pholcomma tokyoense'' Ono, 2007 – Japan *''Pholcomma turbotti'' (Marples, 1956) – New Zealand Formerly included: *''P. amamiense'' Yoshida, ...
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Pholcomma Antipodianum
''Pholcomma'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Species it contains eleven species, found worldwide: *'' Pholcomma antipodianum'' ( Forster, 1955) – New Zealand (Antipodes Is.) *'' Pholcomma barnesi'' Levi, 1957 – USA *'' Pholcomma carota'' Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma gibbum'' (Westring, 1851) (type) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran? *''Pholcomma hickmani'' Forster, 1964 – New Zealand (Campbell Is.) *''Pholcomma hirsutum'' Emerton, 1882 – USA, Canada *''Pholcomma mantinum'' Levi, 1964 – Brazil *''Pholcomma micropunctatum'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina *''Pholcomma soloa'' ( Marples, 1955) – Samoa, Niue *'' Pholcomma tokyoense'' Ono, 2007 – Japan *'' Pholcomma turbotti'' (Marples, 1956) – New Zealand Formerly included: *''P. amamiense'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. japonicum'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. nigromaculatum'' Yoshida, 1987 ...
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Pholcomma Nigromaculatum
''Pholcomma'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Species it contains eleven species, found worldwide: *''Pholcomma antipodianum'' ( Forster, 1955) – New Zealand (Antipodes Is.) *'' Pholcomma barnesi'' Levi, 1957 – USA *'' Pholcomma carota'' Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma gibbum'' (Westring, 1851) (type) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran? *''Pholcomma hickmani'' Forster, 1964 – New Zealand (Campbell Is.) *''Pholcomma hirsutum'' Emerton, 1882 – USA, Canada *''Pholcomma mantinum'' Levi, 1964 – Brazil *''Pholcomma micropunctatum'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina *''Pholcomma soloa'' ( Marples, 1955) – Samoa, Niue *'' Pholcomma tokyoense'' Ono, 2007 – Japan *'' Pholcomma turbotti'' (Marples, 1956) – New Zealand Formerly included: *''P. amamiense'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. japonicum'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. nigromaculatum'' Yoshida, 1987 ...
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Pholcomma Micropunctatum
''Pholcomma'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Species it contains eleven species, found worldwide: *'' Pholcomma antipodianum'' ( Forster, 1955) – New Zealand (Antipodes Is.) *'' Pholcomma barnesi'' Levi, 1957 – USA *'' Pholcomma carota'' Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma gibbum'' (Westring, 1851) (type) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran? *''Pholcomma hickmani'' Forster, 1964 – New Zealand (Campbell Is.) *'' Pholcomma hirsutum'' Emerton, 1882 – USA, Canada *'' Pholcomma mantinum'' Levi, 1964 – Brazil *'' Pholcomma micropunctatum'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina *''Pholcomma soloa'' ( Marples, 1955) – Samoa, Niue *'' Pholcomma tokyoense'' Ono, 2007 – Japan *'' Pholcomma turbotti'' (Marples, 1956) – New Zealand Formerly included: *''P. amamiense'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to '' Phycosoma'') *''P. japonicum'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. nigromaculatum'' Yoshida, ...
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Pholcomma Barnesi
''Pholcomma'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Species it contains eleven species, found worldwide: *''Pholcomma antipodianum'' ( Forster, 1955) – New Zealand (Antipodes Is.) *'' Pholcomma barnesi'' Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma carota'' Levi, 1957 – USA *''Pholcomma gibbum'' (Westring, 1851) (type) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iran? *''Pholcomma hickmani'' Forster, 1964 – New Zealand (Campbell Is.) *''Pholcomma hirsutum'' Emerton, 1882 – USA, Canada *''Pholcomma mantinum'' Levi, 1964 – Brazil *''Pholcomma micropunctatum'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina *''Pholcomma soloa'' ( Marples, 1955) – Samoa, Niue *'' Pholcomma tokyoense'' Ono, 2007 – Japan *'' Pholcomma turbotti'' (Marples, 1956) – New Zealand Formerly included: *''P. amamiense'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. japonicum'' Yoshida, 1985 (Transferred to ''Phycosoma'') *''P. nigromaculatum'' Yoshida, 1987 ( ...
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Theridiidae
Theridiidae, also known as the tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, is a large family of Araneomorphae, araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. This diverse, globally distributed family includes over 3,000 species in 124 genus, genera, and is the most common arthropod found in human dwellings throughout the world. Theridiid spiders are both Entelegynae, entelegyne, meaning that the females have a genital plate, and Cribellum, ecribellate, meaning that they spin sticky capture silk instead of woolly silk. They have a comb of serrated bristles (setae) on the Arthropod leg, tarsus of the fourth leg. The family includes some model organisms for research, including the List of medically significant spider bites, medically important Latrodectus, widow spiders. They are important to studies characterizing their venom and its clinical manifestation, but widow spiders are also used in research on spider silk and sexual biology, including ...
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Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching , is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and ...
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