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Philanthus
Beewolves (genus ''Philanthus''), also known as bee-hunters or bee-killer wasps, are solitary, predatory wasps, most of which prey on bees, hence their common name. The adult females dig tunnels in the ground for nesting, while the territorial males mark twigs and other objects with pheromones to claim the territory from competing males. As with all other apoid wasps, the larvae are carnivorous, forcing the inseminated females to hunt for other invertebrates (in this case bees), on which she lays her eggs, supplying the larvae with prey when they emerge. The adults consume nectar from flowers. The prevalent European species, '' P. triangulum,'' specializes in preying upon honey bees, thus making it a minor pest for beekeepers. Other ''Philanthus'' may specialize in other bee species or they may be generalists which prey upon a wide variety of bees such as the American bumblebee, ''Bombus pensylvanicus'', or other hymenopterans,Yeo, P.F. & Corbet, S.A. Solitary wasps. Naturalis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Philanthus Species
This is a list of 137 species in the genus ''Philanthus'', beewolves. ''Philanthus'' species * '' Philanthus adamsoni'' Arnold, 1952 * '' Philanthus albopictus'' Taschenberg, 1880 * '' Philanthus albopilosus'' Cresson, 1865 * '' Philanthus amabilis'' Arnold, 1946 * '' Philanthus ammochrysus'' W. Schulz, 1905 * '' Philanthus arizonicus'' R. Bohart, 1972 * '' Philanthus arnoldi'' Berland, 1936 * '' Philanthus asmarensis'' Giordani Soika, 1939 * '' Philanthus avidus'' Bingham, 1896 * '' Philanthus banabacoa'' Alayo Dalmau, 1968 * '' Philanthus barbatus'' F. Smith, 1856 * '' Philanthus barbiger'' Mickel, 1916 * '' Philanthus basalis'' F. Smith, 1856 * '' Philanthus basilaris'' Cresson, 1880 * '' Philanthus basilewskyi'' Leclercq, 1955 * '' Philanthus bicinctus'' (Mickel, 1916) (bumble bee wolf) * '' Philanthus bilineatus'' Gravenhorst, 1807 * '' Philanthus bilunatus'' Cresson, 1865 * '' Philanthus bimacula'' de Saussure, 1891 * '' Philanthus boharti'' G. Ferguson, 1983 * '' Philanthu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Beewolf
The European beewolf (''Philanthus triangulum''), also known as the bee-killer wasp or the bee-eating philanthus (from the now obsolete synonym ''Philanthus apivorus''), is a solitary wasp that lives in the Western Palearctic and Afrotropics. Although the adults of the species are herbivores (feeding on nectar and pollen), the species derives its name from the behaviour of the inseminated females, who hunt Western honey bees. The female places several of its paralysed prey together with an egg in a small underground chamber, to serve as food for the wasp larvae. All members of the genus '' Philanthus'' hunt various species of bees, but ''P. triangulum'' is apparently the only one that specialises in Western honey bees. Identification The European beewolf is a species of solitary wasp with bold yellow and black markings on the abdomen, males have trident-shaped markings between their bluish eyes while the larger females have a reddish stripe behind the eyes and a pale face. Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philanthus Gibbosus
''Philanthus gibbosus'', the hump-backed beewolf, is a species of bee-hunting wasp and is the most common and widespread member of the genus in North America. ''P. gibbosus'' is of the order Hymenoptera and the genus ''Beewolf, Philanthus''. It is native to the Midwestern United States and the western Appalachians. ''P. gibbosus'' are often observed to visit flowers and other plants in search of insect prey to feed their young. The prey that ''P. gibbosus'' catches is then coated in a layer of pollen and fed to the young wasps. Taxonomy and phylogeny ''Philanthus gibbosus'' is a member of the family Philanthidae of wasps within the order Hymenoptera. Molecular phylogeny revealed that bees, clade Anthophila (bee), Anthophila, came from within the family Crabronidae ''sensu lato'', meaning the family was paraphyletic. As a result, this species's subfamily, Philanthinae, was elevated to family status as Philanthidae. The genus ''Beewolf, Philanthus'' contains about 135 other spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beewolf With Honey Bee
Beewolves (genus ''Philanthus''), also known as bee-hunters or bee-killer wasps, are solitary, predatory wasps, most of which prey on bees, hence their common name. The adult females dig tunnels in the ground for nesting, while the territorial males mark twigs and other objects with pheromones to claim the territory from competing males. As with all other apoid wasps, the larvae are carnivorous, forcing the inseminated females to hunt for other invertebrates (in this case bees), on which she lays her eggs, supplying the larvae with prey when they emerge. The adults consume nectar from flowers. The prevalent European species, '' P. triangulum,'' specializes in preying upon honey bees, thus making it a minor pest for beekeepers. Other ''Philanthus'' may specialize in other bee species or they may be generalists which prey upon a wide variety of bees such as the American bumblebee, ''Bombus pensylvanicus'', or other hymenopterans,Yeo, P.F. & Corbet, S.A. Solitary wasps. Naturalist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philanthus Coronatus
''Philanthus coronatus'' is a species of bee-hunting wasp (or "beewolf") of Europe and the Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ..., of which there are three known subspecies: *''P. coronatus coronatus'' Thunberg, 1784 (type-subspecies) *''P. coronatus ibericus'' Beaumont, 1970 *''P. coronatus orientalis'' Bytinski-Salz, 1959 References Philanthidae Hymenoptera of Europe Insects described in 1784 {{Apoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philanthidae
Philanthidae is one of the largest families of wasp in the superfamily Apoidea, with 1167 species in 8 genera. Most of the species (more than 870) are in the genus '' Cerceris''. Taxonomy and phylogeny Historically, this group has frequently been accorded family status. Later interpretations include status as a subfamily of a broadly-defined Sphecidae or Crabronidae. Subsequent revision of the superfamily Apoidea has elevated the group back to family status. Behavior The family consists of solitary, predatory wasps, each genus having its own distinct and consistent prey preferences. The adult females dig tunnels in the ground for nesting. As with all other apoid wasps, the larvae are carnivorous; females hunt for prey on which to lays their eggs, mass provisioning Mass provisioning is a form of parental investment in which an adult insect, most commonly a hymenopteran such as a bee or wasp, stocks all the food for each of her offspring in a small chamber (a "cell") befor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasp
A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder. The wasps do not constitute a clade, a complete natural group with a single ancestor, as bees and ants are deeply nested within the wasps, having evolved from wasp ancestors. Wasps that are members of the clade Aculeata can sting their prey. The most commonly known wasps, such as yellowjackets and hornets, are in the family Vespidae and are eusocial, living together in a nest with an egg-laying queen and non-reproducing workers. Eusociality is favoured by the unusual haplodiploid system of sex determination in Hymenoptera, as it makes sisters exceptionally closely related to each other. However, the majority of wasp species are solitary, with each adult female living and breeding independently. Females typically have an oviposit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralysis
Paralysis (: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of Motor skill, motor function in one or more Skeletal muscle, muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. The word "paralysis" derives from the Greek language, Greek παράλυσις, meaning "disabling of the nerves" from παρά (''para'') meaning "beside, by" and λύσις (''lysis'') meaning "making loose". A paralysis accompanied by involuntary tremors is usually called "palsy". Causes Paralysis is most often caused by damage in the nervous system, especially the spinal cord. Other major causes are stroke, Physical trauma, trauma with nerve injury, poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy, peripheral neuropathy, Parkinson's disease, ALS, botulism, spina bifida, multiple sclerosis and Guillain–Barré syndrome. Incidents th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombus Pensylvanicus
''Bombus pensylvanicus'', the American bumblebee, is a threatened species of bumblebee native to North America. It occurs in eastern Canada, throughout much of the Eastern United States, and much of Mexico.Hatfield, R., et al. 2015''Bombus pensylvanicus''.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 09 March 2016. Once the most prevalent bumblebee in the southern United States, populations of ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' have decreased significantly in recent years, including in its scientific namesake state of Pennsylvania, where its numbers are considered critically low. Overall, the population dropped nearly 90% in just the first two decades of the 21st century. ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' tends to live and nest in open farmland and fields. It feeds on several food plants, favoring sunflowers and clovers, and functions as a pollinator. Taxonomy and phylogenetics ''Bombus pensylvanicus'' belongs to the order Hymenoptera (consisting of ants, wasps, bees, and sawflies), the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG) was an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which was part of ABC-Clio. Since 2021, ABC-Clio and its suite of imprints, including GPG, are collectively imprints of British publishing house Bloomsbury Publishing. The Greenwood name stopped being used for new books in 2023. Established in 1967 as Greenwood Press, Inc., and based in Westport, Connecticut, GPG published reference works under its Greenwood Press imprint; and scholarly, professional, and general-interest books under its related imprint, Praeger Publishers (). Also part of GPG was Libraries Unlimited, which published professional works for librarians and teachers. Both of the latter became stand-alone imprints of ABC-Clio, in 2008–2009, after its purchase of GPG. History 1967–1999 The company was founded as Greenwood Press, Inc. (GPI) in 1967 by Harold Mason, a librarian and antiquarian bookseller, and Harold Schwartz, who had a b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venom
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a stinger, in a process called ''envenomation''. Venom is often distinguished from ''poison'', which is a toxin that is passively delivered by being ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and ''toxungen'', which is actively transferred to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism. Venom has evolved in terrestrial and marine environments and in a wide variety of animals: both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates. Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrosis, necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; myotoxins, which damage muscles; and Hemotoxin, haemotoxins, which disrupt Thrombus, blood clotti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
