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Pharwala
Pharwala Fort ( Punjabi:قلعہ پھروالہ) is a 15th-century fort located near Kahuta Tehsil, about 40 km from Rawalpindi in Punjab, Pakistan. The fort is naturally defended on one side by the Himalayan range and on the other by the Soan River. It is spread over an area of , and was once the capital of the Pothohar Chieftaincy. It is located near the Mai Qumro Mosque in Bagh Juggian, considered the oldest mosque in Islamabad. The mosque is located on the west bank of the Soan River. Gates The fort originally had six gates, but only five exist now. They are made of sandstone blocks. The gates were named the Hathi Gate ('Elephant Gate', towards the north-eastern corner), the Begum Gate (towards the south-western corner), the Fort Gate, the Lashkari Gate, the Ziarat Gate, and the Bagh Gate. Uses The fort served as a defence headquarters, and could house 500 soldiers, 100 horses, and 50 elephants. Moreover, around 10 to 15 graves of Sultans of Gakhars of the time al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Pharwala Fort Surrounded By The Hills
Pharwala Fort (Punjabi:قلعہ پھروالہ) is a 15th-century fort located near Kahuta Tehsil, about 40 km from Rawalpindi in Punjab, Pakistan. The fort is naturally defended on one side by the Himalayan range and on the other by the Soan River. It is spread over an area of , and was once the capital of the Pothohar Chieftaincy. It is located near the Mai Qumro Mosque in Bagh Juggian, considered the oldest mosque in Islamabad. The mosque is located on the west bank of the Soan River. Gates The fort originally had six gates, but only five exist now. They are made of sandstone blocks. The gates were named the Hathi Gate ('Elephant Gate', towards the north-eastern corner), the Begum Gate (towards the south-western corner), the Fort Gate, the Lashkari Gate, the Ziarat Gate, and the Bagh Gate. Uses The fort served as a defence headquarters, and could house 500 soldiers, 100 horses, and 50 elephants. Moreover, around 10 to 15 graves of Sultans of Gakhars of the time also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Jasrat
Jasrat Khan ( – ), also known as Jasrath, was a 15th-century Punjabi Muslim chieftain who ruled parts of Punjab from 1410 until his death in 1442. He had his capital at Sialkot. A son of Shaikha, Jasrat fought against Tamerlane during his invasion of Delhi Sultanate in 1398. He was defeated and made captive but regained his power after getting free. Jasrat supported Shahi Khan against Ali Shah and obtained significant spoils after his victory in the Battle of Thanna. In 1423 he conquered Jammu after defeating its ruler Bhim Dev. Encouraged by the early victories, Jasrat aimed for Delhi and invaded the Delhi Sultanate several times between 1421 and 1432. Although mostly unsuccessful in these campaigns, Jasrat managed to expand his control over most of Punjab and Jammu as well as parts of present-day Himachal Pradesh. He is considered a folk hero of Punjab. Background Although Firishta mistakenly calls Jasrat Khokhar a Gakhar, he is generally believed by historians to be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Punjab (Pakistan)
Punjab (, ) is a province of Pakistan. With a population of over 127 million, it is the most populous province in Pakistan and the second most populous subnational polity in the world. Located in the central-eastern region of the country, it has the largest economy, contributing the most to national GDP in Pakistan. Lahore is the capital and largest city of the province. Other major cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala and Multan. It is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the north-west, Balochistan to the south-west and Sindh to the south, as well as Islamabad Capital Territory to the north-west and Azad Kashmir to the north. It shares an international border with the Indian states of Rajasthan and Punjab to the east and Indian-administered Kashmir to the north-east. Punjab is the most fertile province of the country as the Indus River and its four major tributaries Ravi, Jhelum, Chenab and Sutlej flow through it. The provin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Soan River
Soan River (; ), also Sawan, or Sohan, is a river in Punjab, Pakistan. It originates from the Murree Hills and joins the Indus River near Makhad. Oldest evidence of human activity in Pakistan has been found in the Soan River valley. The Soan Valley area is believed to have originated during the Stone Age. Location and geography The Soan River drains much of the water of the Pothohar Plateau. It starts in the foothills of Patriata in Murree and provides water to the Simly Dam, which is a water reservoir for Islamabad. Near Pharwala Fort, Ling Stream, following a relatively long course through Lehtrar and Kahuta, joins the Soan near Sihala on the southern side of village Gagri. The Soan river is more than long. The Islamabad Expressway crosses this stream near Sihala at the Kak Pul bridge. The Ling Stream joins the Soan river just before the Kak Pul. Two other streams, the Korang River and the Lai stream, join the Soan just before and after the Soan Bridge, respec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Pothohar Plateau
The Pothohar Plateau (, : ''Pо̄ṭhoā̀r Paṭhār''; , ''Satāh Murtafā Pо̄ṭhohār''), also spelled Pothwar, is a plateau in the Sindh Sagar Doab, Sind Sagar Doab of northern Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab, Pakistan, located between the Indus River, Indus and Jhelum River, Jhelum rivers. Etymology A late medieval Persian language, Persian manuscript, ''Kaigoharnameh'', written by ''Raezadeh Diwan Duni Chand'' in A.D. 1725 to the order of Gakhars, Gakhar chiefs presents a detailed history of Gakhars in northern Punjab. The term in the manuscript has been written variously as ''Pathwar'', ''Pot har'' and ''Pothohar''. According to Ahmad Hasan Dani, the term is derived from ''Prshtawar'' in Sanskrit, ''Prshta'' meaning "back" of the Indus River and ''War'' meaning "area". Geography Pothohar Plateau is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the Indus River, on the north by the Kala Chitta Range and the Margalla Hills, and on the south by the Salt Range. The sout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Gakhars
The Gakhar () is a historical Punjabi tribe, originating in the Pothohar Plateau of Punjab, Pakistan. They predominantly adhere to Islam. History In the Muslim historiography, the Gakhars have been frequently confused with the Khokhars, who inhabited the same region, and it has been challenging to separate the events of both tribes. Gakhars formed an important part of the army of Shāhis of Gandhāra. Around 30,000 Gakhars fought against Maḥmūd of Ghazna in 1008 CE near Peshawar but were defeated. By the time of Sultan Muʿizz al-Dīn Muḥammad Ghūrī Gakhars had converted to Islam. In the following centuries, Gakhars engaged in a long-running struggle for sovereignty over the Salt Range with the neighbouring tribes: For a period, Gakhars were superseded by the Khokhars who under their chieftain Jasrat gained control of most of upper Punjab in the 15th century. However, by the time of Mughal emperor Bābur's invasion of subcontinent, Gakhars had regained power. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi is the List of cities in Punjab, Pakistan by population, third-largest city in the Administrative units of Pakistan, Pakistani province of Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab. It is a commercial and industrial hub, being the list of cities in Pakistan by population, fourth-most populous city in Pakistan. Located near the Soan River in north-western Punjab, it is the world's third largest Punjabi language, Punjabi-speaking city (after Lahore and Faisalabad). Rawalpindi is situated adjacent to Pakistan's capital Islamabad; and the two are jointly known as "twin cities", constituting a single Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area, contiguous metropolitan area. Prior to Islamabad's establishment, Rawalpindi served as the country's federal capital from 1959 to 1967. Located on the Pothohar Plateau of northern Punjab, Rawalpindi remained a small town of little importance up until the 18th century. The region is known for its ancient heritage, for instance the neighbouring city of T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Gujjar Singh Bhangi
Sardar Gujjar Singh Bhangi (died early 1790; alternatively spelt as Gurja or Gujar) was a Sikh warrior of the Bhangi Misl, and one of the triumvirates who ruled over Lahore prior to the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Biography Bhangi hailed from a village near Khemkaran, India. His father Natha Singh Sandhu was a Jatt Sikh farmer. He, along with his three brothers, was baptised to Sikhism in his teenage by his maternal grandfather Gurbakhsh Singh. He established a fortress, Qila Gujar Singh, just east of present-day Lahore, and also completed the construction of a mosque. Gujjar Singh's maternal grandfather was Sardar Gurbaksh Singh of village Roranwala in Amritsar (near the Wagah border) and his mother daughter of Gurbaksh, one of the known Sikh warriors under the Bhangi Misl then led by Sardar Hari Singh Bhangi. Sardar Gurbaksh Singh had adopted as his son a young runaway, Sardar Lehna Singh Kahlon of village Mustfapur, near Kartarpur, Jalandhar (Sir Leppel Griffin, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Khokhar
Khokhar () is a historical Punjabi clan primarily native to the Salt Range of Pakistani Punjab. Khokhars are also found in the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana. Khokhars predominantly follow Islam, having converted to Islam from Hinduism after coming under the influence of Baba Farid. History The word "Khokhar" itself is of Persian origin and means "bloodthirsty". In 1204–1205, the Khokhars revolted under their leader and conquered and plundered Multan, Lahore and blocked the strategic roads between Punjab and Ghazni. According to Tarikh-i-Alfi, traders had to follow a longer route due to the depradations of the Khokhars, under Raisal, who used to plunder and harass the inhabitants in such a way that not a single soul could pass along it. As Qutubuddin Aibak was not able to handle the rebellion himself, Muhammad of Ghor undertook many campaigns against the Khokhars and defeated them in his final battle fought on the bank of Jhelum and subsequently ordered a general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Rohtas Fort
Rohtas Fort (; ) is a 16th-century citadel located near the city of Dina in Jhelum district of the Punjab, Pakistan. Commissioned by Sur Emperor Sher Shah Suri, its construction was supervised by Raja Todar Mal and is now one of the largest and most formidable in Punjab. The fort remains remarkably intact and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. UNESCO called it an "exceptional example of the Muslim military architecture of Central and South Asia." Location Rohtas Fort is approximately northwest of Jhelum near the city of Dina. The fort is from Khukha and Gaggar Khurd and south of the Grand Trunk Road, one of Asia's oldest roads. The historic Badshahi Road once passed along the northern outer wall of the fort. Rohtas Fort is situated on a hill in the Tilla Jogian Range, overlooking a gorge where the Kahān River meets a seasonal stream called Parnal Khas. The fort is positioned above its surroundings. It is above sea level and covers an area of . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri (born Farid al-Din Khan; 1472 or 1486 – 22 May 1545), also known by his title Sultan Adil (), was the ruler of Bihar from 1530 to 1540, and Sultan of Hindustan from 1540 until his death in 1545. He defeated the Mughal Empire, founding the Sur Empire and establishing his rule in Delhi. The influence of his innovations and reforms extended far beyond his brief reign, being recognized as one of the greatest administrative rulers in India. During his time in power, he remained undefeated in battle and is renowned as one of the most skillful Afghan generals in history. By the end of his reign, his empire covered nearly all of Northern India. Born between 1472 and 1486 and given the name Farid Khan, his early childhood saw him flee from home due to internal family strife. He pursued an education in Jaunpur, where his rise to power began after his father offered him a managerial position over his jagirs. Sher Shah effectively governed these territories, gaining a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
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Lahore
Lahore ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Administrative units of Pakistan, Pakistani province of Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab. It is the List of cities in Pakistan by population, second-largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and 27th List of largest cities, largest in the world, with a population of over 14 million. Lahore is one of Pakistan's major industrial, educational and economic hubs. It has been the historic capital and cultural center of the wider Punjab region, and is one of Pakistan's most Social liberalism, socially liberal, Progressivism, progressive, and Cosmopolitanism, cosmopolitan cities. Origins of Lahore, Lahore's origin dates back to antiquity. The city has been inhabited for around two millennia, although it rose to prominence in the late 10th century with the establishment of the Walled City of Lahore, Walled City, its fortified interior. Lahore served as the capital of several empires during the medieval era, including the Hindu Shahis, Gha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |