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Phan Trọng Chinh
Phan Trọng Chinh (1 February 1931 – 17 November 2014) was a Lieutenant general of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). Military career In November 1960 Chinh supported the 1960 South Vietnamese coup attempt, attempted coup against Leaders of South Vietnam, President Ngo Dinh Diem. Following the failure of the coup he was arrested and eventually put on trial in July 1963 and was sentenced to 18 years in prison. However following the successful 1963 South Vietnamese coup d'état, coup in November 1963 he was released and reinstated in the ARVN. In 1964 Chinh commanded the 25th Division (South Vietnam), 25th Division operating west and northwest of Saigon. The division guarded Highway 4, the major rice supply route to the Mekong Delta, and protected the roads and towns of Tây Ninh province, Tây Ninh, Hậu Nghĩa province, Hậu Nghĩa and Long An provinces (with a total of fourteen districts). Strong Vietcong forces operated in both Hau Hậu Nghĩa an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bắc Ninh
Bắc Ninh () is a city in the Northern Vietnam, northern part of Vietnam and is the capital of Bắc Ninh province. The city is the cultural, administrative and commercial center of the province. The city area is 82.60 square km, with a population of 247,702 in 2019. In January 2006, the town (''thị xã'') of Bắc Ninh was upgraded to city (''thành phố''). History In March 1884, Bắc Ninh was the site of a decisive Bắc Ninh campaign, campaign in the wars between France and assorted Black Flag Army forces, and the town fell to the French. Thereafter under French protectorate, the town was confirmed as the center of all political, economic, cultural offices of colonial administration in the province. The land of the Bắc Ninh Citadel, within Yên, Niem and Do Villages, was occupied by French troops. At this time Bắc Ninh became known in Europe for its lacquer work and mother-of-pearl inlaid black-wood screens, cabinets, trays, and boxes. Bắc Ninh Railway Station open ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnamese Rangers
The Vietnamese Rangers (), commonly known as the ARVN Rangers or Vietnamese Ranger Corp (VNRC), were the light infantry of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Trained and assisted by American Special Forces and Ranger advisers, the Vietnamese Rangers infiltrated beyond enemy lines in search and destroy missions. Initially trained as a counter-insurgency light infantry force by removing the fourth company each of the existing infantry battalions, they later expanded into a swing force capable of conventional as well as counter-insurgency operations, and were relied on to retake captured regions. Later during Vietnamization the Civilian Irregular Defense Group program was transferred from MACV and integrated as Border Battalions responsible for manning remote outposts in the Central Highlands. Rangers were often regarded as among the most effective units in the war. Part of this was due to the specialized role of these units, given that they had their origins in French-raised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Division (South Vietnam)
The 18th Division (; Chữ Hán: 師團18) was an infantry division in the III Corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). The U.S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam considered the 18th as undisciplined and was well known throughout the ARVN for its "cowboy" reputation. In 1975 the 18th was made famous for its tenacious defense of Xuân Lộc, the last major battle before the Fall of Saigon. __TOC__ History 1965-1971 The division was initially activated as the 10th Infantry Division in May 1965 under the command of General Lữ Mộng Lan. Headquartered in Long Khánh province, it assumed responsibility for the defense of eastern III Corps. The move reflected concern over the increased threat that had emerged in the area during the Vietcong (VC) Winter-Spring Offensive, as well as dissatisfaction with the ability of special zones to adequately meet their duties. The presence of a division commander, with a larger staff and resources would it was hoped, redress th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John A
Sir John Alexander Macdonald (10 or 11January 18156June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada, serving from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 until his death in 1891. He was the Fathers of Confederation, dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, and had a political career that spanned almost half a century. Macdonald was born in Scotland; when he was a boy his family immigrated to Kingston, Ontario, Kingston in the Province of Upper Canada (today in eastern Ontario). As a lawyer, he was involved in several high-profile cases and quickly became prominent in Kingston, which elected him in 1844 to the legislature of the Province of Canada. By 1857, he had become List of Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada, premier under the colony's unstable political system. In 1864, when no party proved capable of governing for long, he agreed to a proposal from his political rival, George Brown (Canadian politician), George Brown, that the parties unite in a Great Coalition to seek fede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đức Hòa District
There are many widely varying names of Germany in different languages, more so than for any other European nation. For example: * the German language endonym is , from the Old High German , meaning "of the people"; * the French exonym is , from the name of the Alamanni tribe; * in Italian it is , from the Latin , although the German people are called , which is a cognate with German ; * in Polish it is , from the Proto-Slavic ''*němьcь'', referring to speechless, incomprehensible to Slavic speakers; * the Finnish call the country , from the name of the Saxon tribe; * in Lithuanian it is , of unclear origin, but possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic ''*vākyā-'', meaning “those who speak loud, shout (unintelligibly)”. Often language lags behind the changing society and names tend to retain references to first encounters: the Finnish first and foremost met the Saxons while the French faced the Alamanni. Comparable tendencies appear elsewhere, e.g. in names for Russia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint General Staff
The Joint General Staff (JGS) was a body of senior uniformed leaders in the South Vietnamese military which advised the Ministry of National Defence and the President of South Vietnam. Organisation The JGS carried out administrative and planning functions for the entire Republic of Vietnam Military Forces. Actually an Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) headquarters, it ran the ARVN's training and logistical system and directly controlled a number of support units in the Saigon area. As the highest South Vietnamese military headquarters, it also dealt directly with the theater-level American military headquarters in South Vietnam, Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV). However, it possessed only limited authority over the Corps commanders and other major military elements. The JGS itself consisted of five functional elements, supervised by a chief of staff. An Operations Directorate controlled five staff sections U-2, J-3, J-5, J-6 and J-7); a Personnel Directorate had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Nguyên Khang
Lê Nguyên Khang (11June 193112November 1996) was a South Vietnamese lieutenant general who commanded the South Vietnamese Marine Division. Early life Khang was born in Sơn Tây, Hanoi, Vietnam on 11 June 1931. Military career Khang spoke fluent English and was the first Vietnamese marine to graduate from the U.S. Marine Amphibious Warfare School at Quantico. In May 1960 President Ngo Dinh Diem appointed him as senior marine officer. In early November 1960 Khang was commanding operations of the 1st and 2nd Marine Battalions in the Mekong Delta when he learned of the coup against Diem. Khang loaded his battalions on trucks and led them to Saigon where they joined companies of the 3rd Marine Battalion which had taken positions defending the Independence Palace. In mid-December 1963, South Vietnam's new leaders removed Khang from his position as Commandant of the Vietnamese Marine Corps. Although he had not participated in the November coup that overthrew Diem, Khang h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
III Corps (South Vietnam)
III Corps () was a corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975. It was one of four corps in the ARVN, and oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital Saigon. III Corps was activated in September 1959 and controlled the country south of Phan Thiet excluding Saigon which was controlled by the Capital Military District (CMD). In 1962, President Ngô Đình Diệm decided to split the Corps into two, the former III Corps area being reduced in size to cover the area northeast of Saigon and the newly created IV Corps (South Vietnam), IV Corps taking over the west and southwest. The 5th Division (South Vietnam), Fifth Division based in Bien Hoa on the northern outskirts of Saigon was a part of III Corps, and due to the division's close proximity to the capital was a key factor in the success or failure of the various coup attempts in the nation's history. As from 7 June 1966 the CMD beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Westmoreland
William Childs Westmoreland (26 March 1914 – 18 July 2005) was a United States Army general, most notably the commander of United States forces during the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1968. He served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1968 to 1972. In Vietnam, Westmoreland adopted a strategy of attrition against the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army, to drain them of manpower and supplies. He also made use of the United States' superiority in artillery and air power, employed in tactical confrontations and in relentless strategic bombing of North Vietnam. As time went on and success was not gained, public support for the war diminished, especially after the Battle of Khe Sanh and the Tet Offensive in 1968. When he was reassigned as Army Chief of Staff, United States military forces in Vietnam had reached a peak of 535,000 personnel. Westmoreland's strategy was ultimately politically and militarily unsuccessful. Growing United States casualties and the dra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COMUSMACV
The U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) was a joint-service command of the United States Department of Defense, composed of forces from the United States Army, United States Navy, and United States Air Force, as well as their respective special operations forces. MACV was created on 8 February 1962, in response to the increase in United States military assistance to South Vietnam. MACV was implemented to assist and oversee the Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) Vietnam while the Viet Cong insurgency was under way. It was reorganized on 15 May 1964 and absorbed MAAG Vietnam when the deployment of combat units became too large for the advisory group to control. General Paul D. Harkins was the first commanding general of MACV (COMUSMACV), and was previously the commander of MAAG Vietnam. After reorganization he was succeeded by General William Westmoreland in June 1964, followed by General Creighton W. Abrams (July 1968) and General Frederick C. Weyand (June 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; 5 April 1923 – 29 September 2001) was a South Vietnam, South Vietnamese military officer and politician who was the Leaders of South Vietnam, president of South Vietnam from 1967 to 1975. He was a general in the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces, Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF), became head of a military junta in 1965, and then president after winning a rigged election in 1967. He established rule over South Vietnam until he resigned and left the nation and relocated to Taipei a few days before the fall of Saigon and the ultimate North Vietnamese victory. Born in Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm, Phan Rang in the South Central Coast, south central coast of Vietnam, Thieu joined the communist-dominated Việt Minh of Hồ Chí Minh in 1945 but quit after a year and joined the Vietnamese National Army (VNA) of the French-backed State of Vietnam. He gradually rose up the ranks and, in 1954, led a battalion in expelling the communists from his native vil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phạm Quốc Thuần
Lieutenant General Pham Quoc Thuan (31 August 1926 – 18 August 2023) was an officer of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). He served as commander of the 5th Division and later of III Corps. Biography He served as commander of the 5th Division from 1962 and was a protégé of Nguyễn Văn Thiệu. Following the Battle of Đồng Xoài in June 1965, when the 5th Division 1st Battalion, 7th Infantry Regiment was ambushed by Viet Cong forces in the Thuận Lợi rubber plantation suffering heavy losses, the Division's US adviser reported that Thuần, had "gone to pieces" over the mauling his 7th Regiment had received. In 1966 US advisers regarded Thuần's 5th Division and the 25th Division as the two worst units in the ARVN. In 1967 MACV assessed that the three ARVN divisions surrounding Saigon, the 5th, 18th and the 25th Division had shown no improvement, and US advisers considered their commanders, Thuần, Đỗ Kế Giai ( 18th Division) and Phan Trọng Chinh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
