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Phaeocystis
''Phaeocystis'' is a genus of algae belonging to the Prymnesiophyte class and to the larger division of Haptophyta. It is a widespread marine phytoplankton and can function at a wide range of temperatures ( eurythermal) and salinities (euryhaline). Members of this genus live in the open ocean, as well as in sea ice. It has a polymorphic life cycle, ranging from free-living cells to large colonies. The ability to form a floating colony is one of the unique attributes of ''Phaeocystis'' – hundreds of cells are embedded in a polysaccharide gel matrix, which can increase massively in size during blooms. The largest ''Phaeocystis'' blooms form in the polar seas: ''P. pouchetii'' in the north and ''P. antarctica'' in the south. This intense ''Phaeocystis'' productivity generally persists for about a three-month period, spanning most of the summer in the Southern Hemisphere. ''Phaeocystis''-abundant ecosystems are generally associated with commercially important stocks of crusta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeocystis Globosa
''Phaeocystis'' is a genus of algae belonging to the Prymnesiophyceae, Prymnesiophyte class and to the larger division of Haptophyte, Haptophyta. It is a widespread marine phytoplankton and can function at a wide range of temperatures (eurythermal) and salinities (euryhaline). Members of this genus live in the open ocean, as well as in sea ice. It has a polymorphic life cycle, ranging from free-living cells to large colonies. The ability to form a floating colony is one of the unique attributes of ''Phaeocystis'' – hundreds of cells are embedded in a polysaccharide gel matrix, which can increase massively in size during Algal bloom, blooms. The largest ''Phaeocystis'' blooms form in the polar seas: ''P. pouchetii'' in the north and ''P. antarctica'' in the south. This intense ''Phaeocystis'' productivity generally persists for about a three-month period, spanning most of the summer in the Southern Hemisphere. ''Phaeocystis''-abundant ecosystems are generally associated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeocystis
''Phaeocystis'' is a genus of algae belonging to the Prymnesiophyte class and to the larger division of Haptophyta. It is a widespread marine phytoplankton and can function at a wide range of temperatures ( eurythermal) and salinities (euryhaline). Members of this genus live in the open ocean, as well as in sea ice. It has a polymorphic life cycle, ranging from free-living cells to large colonies. The ability to form a floating colony is one of the unique attributes of ''Phaeocystis'' – hundreds of cells are embedded in a polysaccharide gel matrix, which can increase massively in size during blooms. The largest ''Phaeocystis'' blooms form in the polar seas: ''P. pouchetii'' in the north and ''P. antarctica'' in the south. This intense ''Phaeocystis'' productivity generally persists for about a three-month period, spanning most of the summer in the Southern Hemisphere. ''Phaeocystis''-abundant ecosystems are generally associated with commercially important stocks of crusta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaeocystis Symbionts Within An Acantharian Host
''Phaeocystis'' is a genus of algae belonging to the Prymnesiophyte class and to the larger division of Haptophyta. It is a widespread marine phytoplankton and can function at a wide range of temperatures (eurythermal) and salinities (euryhaline). Members of this genus live in the open ocean, as well as in sea ice. It has a polymorphic life cycle, ranging from free-living cells to large colonies. The ability to form a floating colony is one of the unique attributes of ''Phaeocystis'' – hundreds of cells are embedded in a polysaccharide gel matrix, which can increase massively in size during blooms. The largest ''Phaeocystis'' blooms form in the polar seas: ''P. pouchetii'' in the north and ''P. antarctica'' in the south. This intense ''Phaeocystis'' productivity generally persists for about a three-month period, spanning most of the summer in the Southern Hemisphere. ''Phaeocystis''-abundant ecosystems are generally associated with commercially important stocks of crustace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acantharea
The Acantharia are a group of radiolarian protozoa, distinguished mainly by their strontium sulfate skeletons. Acantharians are heterotrophic marine Plankton, microplankton that range in size from about 200 microns in diameter up to several millimeters. Some acantharians have photosynthetic endosymbionts and hence are considered mixotrophs. Morphology Acantharian skeletons are composed of strontium sulfate, SrSO4, in the form of mineral Celestine (mineral), celestine crystal. Celestine is named for the delicate blue colour of its crystals, and is the heaviest mineral in the ocean. The denseness of their celestite ensures acantharian shells function as Ballast minerals, mineral ballast, resulting in fast sedimentation to bathypelagic, bathypelagic depths. High settling flux, fluxes of acantharian cysts have been observed at times in the Iceland Basin and the Southern Ocean, as much as half of the total gravitational organic carbon flux. Material was copied from this source, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haptophyte
The haptophytes, classified either as the Haptophyta, Haptophytina or Prymnesiophyta (named for '' Prymnesium''), are a clade of algae. The names Haptophyceae or Prymnesiophyceae are sometimes used instead. This ending implies classification at the class rank rather than as a division. Although the phylogenetics of this group has become much better understood in recent years, there remains some dispute over which rank is most appropriate. Characteristics The chloroplasts are pigmented similarly to those of the heterokonts, but the structure of the rest of the cell is different, so it may be that they are a separate line whose chloroplasts are derived from similar red algal endosymbionts. Haptophyte chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a, c1, and c2 but lack chlorophyll b. For carotenoids, they have beta-, alpha-, and gamma- carotenes. Like diatoms and brown algae, they have also fucoxanthin, an oxidized isoprenoid derivative that is likely the most important driver of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prymnesiophyceae
Prymnesiophyceae is a haptophyte class. Although it was originally described by Casper in 1972, it did not receive a Latin diagnosis (a requirement for valid publication under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature The ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN or ICNafp) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all tho ...) until Hibberd provided one in 1976. References Haptophyte classes Haptista classes {{Haptophyte-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barents Sea
The Barents Sea ( , also ; , ; ) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located off the northern coasts of Norway and Russia and divided between Norwegian and Russian territorial waters.World Wildlife Fund, 2008. It was known earlier among Russians as the Northern Sea, Pomorsky Sea or Murman Sea ("Norse Sea"); the current name of the sea is after the historical Netherlands, Dutch navigator Willem Barentsz. The Barents Sea is a rather shallow Continental shelf, shelf sea with an average depth of , and it is an important site for both fishing and hydrocarbon exploration.O. G. Austvik, 2006. It is bordered by the Kola Peninsula to the south, the shelf edge towards the Norwegian Sea to the west, the archipelagos of Svalbard to the northwest, Franz Josef Land to the northeast and Novaya Zemlya to the east. The islands of Novaya Zemlya, an extension of the northern end of the Ural Mountains, separate the Barents Sea from the Kara Sea. Although part of the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symbionts
Symbiosis (Ancient Greek : living with, companionship < : together; and ''bíōsis'': living) is any type of a close and long-term , between two s of different . The two organisms, termed symbionts, can for example be in mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic relationships. In 1879, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endosymbionts
An endosymbiont or endobiont is an organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism. Typically the two organisms are in a mutualistic relationship. Examples are nitrogen-fixing bacteria (called rhizobia), which live in the root nodules of legumes, single-cell algae inside reef-building corals, and bacterial endosymbionts that provide essential nutrients to insects. Endosymbiosis played key roles in the development of eukaryotes and plants. Roughly 2.2 billion years ago an archaeon absorbed a bacterium through phagocytosis, that eventually became the mitochondria that provide energy to almost all living eukaryotic cells. Approximately 1 billion years ago, some of those cells absorbed cyanobacteria that eventually became chloroplasts, organelles that produce energy from sunlight. Approximately 100 million years ago, a lineage of amoeba in the genus '' Paulinella'' independently engulfed a cyanobacterium that evolved to be functionally synonymous with traditiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3-dimethylsulphoniopropionate
Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S+CH2CH2COO−. This zwitterionic metabolite can be found in marine phytoplankton, seaweeds, and some species of terrestrial and aquatic vascular plants. It functions as an osmolyte as well as several other physiological and environmental roles have also been identified. DMSP was first identified in the marine red alga ''Polysiphonia fastigiata''. Biosynthesis In higher plants, DMSP is biosynthesized from ''S''-methylmethionine. Two intermediates in this conversion are dimethylsulfoniumpropylamine and dimethylsulfoniumpropionaldehyde. In algae, however, the biosynthesis starts with the replacement of the amino group in methionine by hydroxide. Degradation DMSP is broken down by marine microbes to form two major volatile sulfur products, each with distinct effects on the environment. One of its breakdown products is methanethiol (CH3SH), which is assimilated by bacteria into protein sulfur. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vegetative Reproduction
Vegetative reproduction (also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or cloning) is a form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or specialized reproductive structures, which are sometimes called vegetative propagules. Many plants naturally reproduce this way, but it can also be induced artificially. Horticulturists have developed asexual propagation techniques that use vegetative propagules to replicate plants. Success rates and difficulty of propagation vary greatly. Monocotyledons typically lack a vascular cambium, making them more challenging to propagate. Plant propagation Plant propagation is the process of plant reproduction of a species or cultivar, and it can be sexual or asexual. It can happen through the use of vegetative parts of the plants, such as leaves, stems, and roots to produce new plants or through growth from specialized vegetative plant parts. W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
