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Peytoiidae
Hurdiidae (synonymous with the previously named Peytoiidae) is an extinct cosmopolitan family of radiodonts, a group of stem-group marine arthropods, which lived during the Paleozoic Era. It is the most long-lived radiodont clade, lasting from the Cambrian period to the Devonian period. Description File:20191213 Radiodonta frontal appendage Hurdiidae.png, Anatomy of the frontal appendage of a hurdiid File:20191229 Radiodonta frontal appendage Hurdiidae.png, Frontal appendages of various species of hurdiid File:20200803 Radiodonta Hurdiidae H-element.png, Dorsal carapaces of various species of hurdiid Hurdiidae is characterized by frontal appendages with distal region composed of 5 subequal blade-like endites, alongside the enlarged head carapaces and tetraradial mouthpart ( oral cone). The frontal appendages of hurdiids have a distinctive morphology, with the appendage of most species bearing five equally-sized elongate blade-like ventral spines known as endites. Subsequent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiodont
Radiodonta is an extinct order of stem-group arthropods that was successful worldwide during the Cambrian period. Radiodonts are distinguished by their distinctive frontal appendages, which are morphologically diverse and were used for a variety of functions. Radiodonts were among the earliest large predators, but they also included sediment sifters and filter feeders. Some of the most famous species of radiodonts are the Cambrian taxa ''Anomalocaris canadensis'', '' Hurdia victoria'', ''Peytoia nathorsti'', '' Titanokorys gainesi, Cambroraster falcatus'' and '' Amplectobelua symbrachiata''. The later surviving members include the subfamily Aegirocassisinae from the Early Ordovician of Morocco and the Early Devonian member '' Schinderhannes bartelsi'' from Germany. Etymology The name Radiodonta (Latin for ''radius'' "spoke of a wheel" and Greek for ''odoús'' "tooth") refers to the radial arrangement of tooth plates (oral cone) surrounding the mouth, although this feature is su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiodonta
Radiodonta is an extinct Order (biology), order of stem-group arthropods that was successful worldwide during the Cambrian period. Radiodonts are distinguished by their distinctive frontal appendages, which are morphologically diverse and were used for a variety of functions. Radiodonts were among the earliest large predators, but they also included sediment sifters and filter feeders. Some of the most famous species of radiodonts are the Cambrian taxa ''Anomalocaris, Anomalocaris canadensis'', ''Hurdia, Hurdia victoria'', ''Peytoia nathorsti'', ''Titanokorys gainesii, Titanokorys gainesi, Cambroraster, Cambroraster falcatus'' and ''Amplectobelua, Amplectobelua symbrachiata''. The later surviving members include the subfamily Aegirocassisinae from the Early Ordovician of Morocco and the Early Devonian member ''Schinderhannes bartelsi'' from Germany. Etymology The name Radiodonta (Latin for ''radius'' "spoke of a wheel" and Greek for ''odoús'' "tooth") refers to the radial arrang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanleycaris
''Stanleycaris'' ("Stanley's shrimp") is an extinct genus of hurdiid radiodont from the Cambrian (Stage 3 to Miaolingian). The type species is ''Stanleycaris hirpex''. ''Stanleycaris'' was described from the Stephen Formation near the Stanley Glacier and Burgess Shale locality of Canada, as well as Wheeler Formation of United States. A second species, ''S. qingjiangensis'' is known from the Qingjiang biota of China. The genus was characterized by the rake-like frontal appendages with robust inner spines. History of discovery ''Stanleycaris'' was originally described only from frontal appendages and oral cone. Its generic name means "Crab of Stanley Glacier"; ''hirpex'', L. "large rake", reflects the rake-like nature of its spiny frontal appendages. However, in 2022, 268 specimens of ''Stanleycaris'', many of which were complete, were studied, making ''Stanleycaris'' a well documented radiodont. ''Stanleycaris'' had three eyes, a bizarre configuration previously unknown among ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ursulinacaris
''Ursulinacaris'' is a genus of hurdiid radiodont from the Cambrian of North America. It contains one known species, ''Ursulinacaris grallae''. It was described in 2019, based on fossils of the frontal appendages discovered in the 1990s and thereafter. The endites of ''Ursulinacaris'' were very slender, unlike other hurdiids such as ''Peytoia'' or ''Hurdia''. It was initially reported as the first hurdiid with paired endites (a feature only present in other non-hurdiid radiodonts), but Moysiuk & Caron (2021) suggested that it is actually the preservation of the fossils and therefore there are no paired endites. Discovery and naming ''Ursulinacaris'' fossils have been found in the Northwest Territories and Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th .... Most specimens com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamisiocaris Borealis
''Tamisiocaris'' (from Latin ''tamisium'', sieve, and Greek ''karis'', crab, shrimp) is a radiodont genus from the Cambrian period. The taxon was initially described in 2010 based on frontal appendages discovered from the Sirius Passet lagerstatte in northern Greenland. A subsequent study by Vinther and colleagues in 2014 revealed that the frontal appendages were segmented and bore densely packed auxiliary spines, which were adapted to suspension feeding in a manner analogous to modern baleen whales. It is assigned to the family Tamisiocarididae, and is measured about long. Phylogeny ''Tamisiocaris'' in cladogram after Vinther ''et al''., 2014. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2391651 Radiodonta Prehistoric arthropod genera Cambrian arthropods Cambrian Greenland Fossils of Greenland Sirius Passet fossils Buen Formation Fossil taxa described in 2010 Cambrian genus extinctions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anomalocaris Canadensis
''Anomalocaris'' (from Ancient Greek , meaning "unlike", and , meaning "shrimp", with the intended meaning "unlike other shrimp") is an extinct genus of radiodont, an order of early-diverging stem-group marine arthropods. It is best known from the type species ''A. canadensis,'' found in the Stephen Formation (particularly the Burgess Shale) of British Columbia, Canada. The other named species ''A. daleyae'' is known from the somewhat older Emu Bay Shale of Australia. Other unnamed ''Anomalocaris'' species are known from China and the United States. Like other radiodonts, ''Anomalocaris'' had swimming flaps running along its body, large compound eyes, and a single pair of segmented, frontal appendages, which in ''Anomalocaris'' were used to grasp prey. Estimated to reach long excluding the frontal appendages and tail fan, ''Anomalocaris'' is one of the largest animals of the Cambrian, and thought to be one of the earliest examples of an apex predator, though others have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amplectobelua Symbrachiata
''Amplectobelua'' (meaning "embracing beast") is an extinct genus of late Early Cambrian amplectobeluid radiodont, a group of stem arthropods that mostly lived as free-swimming predators during the first half of the Paleozoic Era. Anatomy ''Amplectobelua'' was a giant radiodont, with the largest specimen of ''A. symbrachiata'' reaching up to in body length excluding the frontal appendages and tail. ''A. stephenensis'' is much smaller, estimated up to long. The body structures other than frontal appendages are only known from the type species ''Amplectobelua symbrachiata''. Like other radiodonts, ''Amplectobelua'' had a pair of jointed frontal appendages, a head covered by dorsal and lateral sclerites (the latter had been misinterpreted as huge eyes), a limbless body with dorsal gills (setal blades), and a series of flaps on both sides that extended along the length of its body. ''Amplectobelua'' had a specialized frontal appendage, in which it has a distinct 3-segmented s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hurdia Victoria
''Hurdia'' is an extinct genus of hurdiid radiodont that lived 505 million years ago during the Cambrian Period. Fossils have been found in North America, China, and the Czech Republic. Taxonomic history ''Hurdia'' was named in 1912 by Charles Walcott, with two species, the type species ''H. victoria'' and a referred species, ''H. triangulata''. The genus name refers to Mount Hurd. It is possible that Walcott had described a specimen the year prior as ''Amiella'', but the specimen is too fragmentary to identify with certainty, so ''Amiella'' is a ''nomen dubium''. Walcott's original specimens consisted only of H-elements of the frontal carapace, which he interpreted as being the carapace of an unidentified type of crustacean. P-elements of the carapace were described as a separate genus, ''Proboscicaris'', in 1962. In 1996, then-curator of the Royal Ontario Museum Desmond H. Collins erected the taxon Radiodonta to encompass ''Anomalocaris'' and its close relatives, and includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total population of over 84 million in an area of , making it the most populous member state of the European Union. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The Capital of Germany, nation's capital and List of cities in Germany by population, most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Settlement in the territory of modern Germany began in the Lower Paleolithic, with various tribes inhabiting it from the Neolithic onward, chiefly the Celts. Various Germanic peoples, Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schinderhannes Bartelsi
''Schinderhannes bartelsi'' is a fossil species of hurdiid radiodont (anomalocaridid), known from a single specimen from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate in Germany. Its discovery expanded the known range of radiodonts, the latest members of which were previously known only from the Early Ordovician, at least 66 million years earlier than ''Schinderhannes bartelsi''. Discovery The single specimen was discovered in the Eschenbach-Bocksberg Quarry in Bundenbach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, and is named after the outlaw Schinderhannes who frequented the area. Its specific epithet ''bartelsi'' honours Christoph Bartels, a Hunsrück Slate expert. The specimen is now housed in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Mainz. Morphology ''Schinderhannes'' is about long in full body length ( long excluding telsonDryad Data ). Like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emsian
The Emsian is one of three faunal stages in the Early Devonian Epoch. It lasted from 410.62 ±1.95 million years ago to 393.47 ±0.99 million years ago. It was preceded by the Pragian Stage and followed by the Eifelian Stage. It is named after the Ems river in Germany. The GSSP is located in the Zinzil'ban Gorge in the Kitab State Geological Reserve of Uzbekistan , image_flag = Flag of Uzbekistan.svg , image_coat = Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg , symbol_type = Emblem of Uzbekistan, Emblem , national_anthem = "State Anthem of Uzbekistan, State Anthem of the Republ ..., above the contact with the Madmon Formation. In North America the Emsian Stage is represented by Sawkill or Sawkillian time. Biological events During this period, earliest known agoniatitid ammonoid fossils began appearing within this stage after first appearing in previous stage and began to evolutionarily radiate within this stage, in which a new ammonoid or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miaolingian
The Miaolingian is the third Series of the Cambrian Period, and was formally named in 2018. It lasted from about to million years ago and is divided in ascending order into 3 stages: the Wuliuan, Drumian, and Guzhangian. The Miaolingian is preceded by the unnamed Cambrian Series 2 and succeeded by the Furongian series. It is named after the Miaoling Mountains in southeastern Guizhou Province, China. Definition A number of proposals for fossils and type sections were made before it was formally ratified in 2018. The most promising fossil markers were seen to be the respective first appearances of either trilobite species ''Ovatoryctocara granulata'' or ''Oryctocephalus indicus'', which both have an age close to million years ago. After some deliberation, the FAD of ''Oryctocephalus indicus'' was chosen to be the lower boundary marker, and the GSSP was placed in the Kaili Formation, Wuliu-Zengjiayan, Guizhou, China. The Miaolingian-Furongian boundary has the same definition a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
