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Peyophorine
Peyophorine, also known as ''N''-ethylanhalonine, is a minor substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline, tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid found in peyote (''Lophophora williamsii''). It was first described by 1968. See also * Substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline * Lophophorine (''N''-methylanhalonine) * Anhalonine References External links Peyophorine - Isomer Design Ethyl compounds Heterocyclic compounds with 3 rings Lophophora Methoxyphenethylamines Methyl compounds Methylenedioxyphenethylamines Phenethylamine alkaloids Tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids {{Alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinoline
A substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline is a tetrahydroisoquinoline with one or more chemical substituents. Many simple tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids related to mescaline are known and occur naturally in cactus species such as peyote (''Lophophora williamsii'') and ''Pachycereus pringlei'' among many others. Simple tetrahydroisoquinolines may be thought of as cyclized phenethylamines. As an example, anhalinine may be thought of as a cyclic compound, cyclized structural analog, analogue of mescaline. The simple tetrahydroisoquinolines are analogous in concept to the substituted β-carboline, β-carbolines and harmala alkaloids, which can be considered cyclized analogues of substituted tryptamine, tryptamines. Some of the simple tetrahydroisoquinolines, for instance pellotine, are known to be pharmacology, pharmacologically active, although none are known to have hallucinogenic activity. Known activities of simple tetrahydroisoquinolines include sedative and hypnotic effects, monoam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peyote
The peyote (; ''Lophophora williamsii'' ) is a small, spineless cactus which contains psychoactive alkaloids, particularly mescaline. is a Spanish word derived from the Nahuatl (), meaning "caterpillar cocoon", from a root , "to glisten". p. 246. See peyotl in Wiktionary. It is native to southern North America, primarily found in desert scrub and limestone-rich areas of northern Mexico and south Texas, particularly in the Chihuahuan Desert at elevations of 100–1500 meters. It flowers from March to May, and sometimes as late as September. Its flowers are pink or white, with thigmotactic anthers (like ''Opuntia''). It is a small, spineless cactus that grows in clusters, produces edible fruits, and contains psychoactive alkaloids—primarily mescaline—at concentrations of about 0.4% when fresh and up to 6% when dried. Peyote is a slow-growing cactus that can be cultivated more rapidly through techniques such as grafting, and while wild populations in regions like south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lophophorine
Lophophorine, also known as ''N''-methylanhalonine, is a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid made by various cacti in the ''Lophophora'' family. It has been found to lack hallucinogenic effects in humans. Arthur Heffter tried lophophorine at a dose of 20mg resulted in vasodilation, an immediate headache, and a warm flushed feeling, effects which dissipated within an hour. It has also been said to produce nausea in humans. Lophophorine is described as highly toxic and produces strychnine-like convulsions in animals. See also * Substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline * Peyophorine Peyophorine, also known as ''N''-ethylanhalonine, is a minor substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline, tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid found in peyote (''Lophophora williamsii''). It was first described by 1968. See also * Substituted tetrahydroisoquin ... (''N''-ethylanhalonine) * Anhalonine References External links Lophophorine - Isomer Design Convulsants Heterocyclic compounds with 3 rings Lophophora Met ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anhalonine
Anhalonine, also known as 1-methyl-6-methoxy-7,8-methylenedioxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, is a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid found in ''Lophophora williamsii'' (peyote) and many other cactus species. Peyote contains 3% anhalonine. It is known to be pharmacologically active and is said to be similar in its activity to anhalonidine. Arthur Heffter tried anhalonine via self-experimentation at an oral dose of 100mg and found that it was inactive. Anhalonine was isolated from peyote by Louis Lewin in 1888 and was bioassayed by Heffter with his report published in 1898. See also * Substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline * Lophophorine * Peyophorine * Lophophine Lophophine, also known as 3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenethylamine (MMDPEA), is a putative psychedelic and entactogen drug of the methylenedioxyphenethylamine family. It is the α-demethylated homologue of MMDA, and is also closely related t ... References External links Anhalonine - Isomer Design Methoxyphene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a broad class of natural product, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. Some synthetic compounds of similar structure may also be termed alkaloids. Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms including bacteria, fungus, fungi, Medicinal plant, plants, and animals. They can be purified from crude extracts of these organisms by acid-base extraction, or solvent extractions followed by silica-gel column chromatography. Alkaloids have a wide range of pharmacology, pharmacological activities including antimalarial medication, antimalarial (e.g. quinine), asthma, antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), chemotherapy, anticancer (e.g. omacetaxine mepesuccinate, homoharringtonine), cholinomimetic (e.g. galantamine), vasodilation, vasodilatory (e.g. vincamine), Antiarrhythmic agent, antiarrhythmic (e.g. quinidine), analgesic (e.g. morphine), antibacterial (e.g. chelerythrine), and anti-diabetic, antihyperglycemic activities (e.g. berb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethyl Compounds
Ethyl may refer to: Arts and entertainment *Ethyl Sinclair, a character in the ''Dinosaurs'' television show Science and technology * Ethyl group, an organic chemistry moiety * Ethyl alcohol (or ethanol) * Ethyl Corporation, a fuel additive company ** Tetraethyllead Tetraethyllead (commonly styled tetraethyl lead), abbreviated TEL, is an organolead compound with the formula lead, Pb(ethyl group, C2H5)4. It was widely used as a fuel additive for much of the 20th century, first being mixed with gasoline begi ...-treated gasoline See also * Ethel (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterocyclic Compounds With 3 Rings
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a cyclic compound that has atoms of at least two different chemical element, elements as members of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles. Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes. More than half of known compounds are heterocycles. 59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles. Classification The study of organic heterocyclic chemistry focuses especially on organic unsaturated derivatives, and the preponderance of work and applications involves unstrained organic 5- and 6-membered rings. Included are pyridine, thiophene, pyrrole, and furan. Another large class of organic heterocycles refers to those fused to benzene rings. For example, the fused benzene deriv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lophophora
''Lophophora'' () is a genus of spineless, button-like cacti. Its native range covers Texas through Mexico to southwestern Mexico. The species are extremely slow growing, sometimes taking up to thirty years to reach flowering age (at the size of about a golf ball, excluding the root) in the wild. Cultivated specimens grow considerably faster, usually taking between three and ten years to reach from seedling to mature flowering adult. The slow rate of reproduction and over-harvesting by collectors render the species under threat in the wild. Taxonomy ''Lophophora'' means "crest-bearing", referring to the tufts of trichomes that adorn each tubercle. ''Lophophora'' has been reported to have two species, '' L. diffusa'' and '' L. williamsii''. Another three species have been proposed: ''L. fricii'', ''L. koehresii'', and ''L. alberto-vojtechii''. Recent DNA sequencing studies (Butterworth et al. 2002) have shown that ''L. diffusa'' and ''L. williamsii'' indeed are distinct species. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methoxyphenethylamines
Methoxyphenethylamine, or monomethoxyphenethylamine, may refer to: * 2-Methoxyphenethylamine (2-MPEA) * 3-Methoxyphenethylamine (3-MPEA) * 4-Methoxyphenethylamine (4-MPEA) See also * Substituted methoxyphenethylamine * Dimethoxyphenethylamine * Trimethoxyphenethylamine * Methoxyamphetamine * Dimethoxyamphetamine * Trimethoxyamphetamine {{Chemistry index Methoxyphenethylamines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methyl Compounds
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula (whereas normal methane has the formula ). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in most molecules. While the methyl group is usually part of a larger molecule, bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single covalent bond (), it can be found on its own in any of three forms: methanide anion (), methylium cation () or methyl radical (). The anion has eight valence electrons, the radical seven and the cation six. All three forms are highly reactive and rarely observed. Methyl cation, anion, and radical Methyl cation The methylium cation () exists in the gas phase, but is otherwise not encountered. Some compounds are considered to be sources of the cation, and this simplification is used pervasively in organic chemistry. For exampl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylenedioxyphenethylamines
The substituted methylenedioxyphenethylamines (abbreviated as MDxx) represent a diverse chemical class of compounds derived from phenethylamines. This category encompasses numerous Psychoactive drug, psychoactive substances with Empathogen, entactogenic, Psychedelic drug, psychedelic, and/or stimulant properties, in addition to entheogens. These compounds find application as research chemicals, designer drugs, and recreational substances. The base chemical compound, compound of the MDxx class is methylenedioxyphenethylamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenethylamine (MDPEA), and the prototypical agent of this class is MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxy-''N''-methylamphetamine (MDMA; "ecstasy"). Other notable MDxx class substances include 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-''N''-ethylamphetamine (MDEA; "Eve"), methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine, ''N''-methyl-1,3-benzodioxolylbutanamine (MBDB; "Eden"), and methylenedioxymethcathinone, 3,4-methylenedioxy- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
