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Peruvian Investigative Police
, battles = , native_name = Policía de Investigaciones del Perú The Peruvian Investigative Police ( es, Policía de Investigaciones del Perú, PIP) was a Peruvian plainclothes police unit, similar to the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which was meant to investigate crimes, gather intelligence, and fight subversion. In 1988, the PIP was merged into the National Police of Peru, along with two other police forces, the Guardia Civil (GC) and the Guardia Republicana (GR), all three of which were under the direction of the Ministry of Interior. History Until the 20th century, investigative duties were performed by a number of police organizations in Peru, including the Lima Police, Civil Guard and the National Gendarmerie, as well as select senior NCOs of the Peruvian Army. The Lima Police's investigative section traces its origins to 1882, becoming one of the first city police forces to form a investigative section in South America at that time. Cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Peru
The president of Peru ( es, link=no, presidente del Perú), officially called the president of the Republic of Peru ( es, link=no, presidente de la República del Perú), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the Supreme Head of the Armed Forces and Police of Peru. The office of president corresponds to the highest magistracy in the country, making the president the highest-ranking public official in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Congress of Peru can impeach the president without cause, effectively making the executive branch subject to the legislature. The president is elected to direct the general policy of the government, work with the Congress of the Republic and the Council of Ministers to enact reform, and be an administrator of the state, enforcing the Constitution of 1993 which establishes the presidential requirements, rights, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peruvian Army
The Peruvian Army ( es, Ejército del Perú, abbreviated EP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with safeguarding the independence, sovereignty and integrity of national territory on land through military force. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations. It celebrates the anniversary of the Battle of Ayacucho (1824) on December 9. History Military traditions in Peruvian territory go back to prehispanic times, ranging from small armed bands to the large armies assembled by the Inca Empire. After the Spanish conquest, small garrisons were kept at strategic locations but no standing army existed until the Bourbon reforms of the 18th century. The main purpose of this force was the defense of the Viceroyalty from pirates and corsairs as well as internal rebellions. Independence The ''Ejército del Perú'' was officially established on Aug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andean Information Network
The Andean Information Network (''Red Andína de Informacíón'') or AIN is a Bolivian non-profit non-governmental organization founded in 1992 to raise awareness on the drug war and human rights, particularly in the coca-growing areas of Bolivia. The AIN publishes and distributes reports, including media analysis and independent studies which have been cited by many organizations, including the United Nations. See also * United States Agency for International Development The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an Independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government that is primarily responsible f ... References External links * * Ledebur, K. and Youngers, C. 2013From Conflict to Collaboration: An Innovative Approach to Reducing Coca Cultivation in Bolivia Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 2(1):9. {{authority control Organisa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War On Drugs
The war on drugs is a global campaign, led by the United States federal government, of drug prohibition, military aid, and military intervention, with the aim of reducing the illegal drug trade in the United States.Cockburn and St. Clair, 1998: Chapter 14 The initiative includes a set of drug policies that are intended to discourage the production, distribution, and consumption of psychoactive drugs that the participating governments and the United Nations have made illegal. The term was popularized by the media shortly after a press conference given on June 18, 1971, by President Richard Nixon—the day after publication of a special message from President Nixon to the Congress on Drug Abuse Prevention and Control—during which he declared drug abuse "public enemy number one". That message to the Congress included text about devoting more federal resources to the "prevention of new addicts, and the rehabilitation of those who are addicted" but that part did not receive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UMOPAR
The Unidad Móvil Policial para Áreas Rurales (UMOPAR), (English: ''Mobile Police Unit for Rural Areas''), was created in 1984 as a unit with within the Bolivian National Police (Cuerpo de Policía Nacional). it is a Bolivian counter-narcotics and counter-insurgency force which was founded by, and is funded, advised, equipped, and trained by the United States government as part of its "War on Drugs". It was made a subsidiary of the new Special Antinarcotics Force (Fuerza Especial de Lucha Contra el Narcotráfico—FELCN), when the latter was created in 1987. There have been complaints that UMOPAR, which is effectively controlled by the United States military and Drug Enforcement Administration, was the most powerfully armed and best trained military force in Bolivia. In 1984, UMOPAR troops kidnapped the President of Bolivia, Siles Zuazo, and staged an unsuccessful coup attempt against the Bolivian government. U.S. involvement Although UMOPAR is technically headed by Defensa Socia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chorrillos Military School
The Chorrillos Military School () is the institution in charge of the undergraduate education of officers of the Peruvian Army. Overview The school was opened in 1830 during the first government of Agustín Gamarra and was relocated to Chorrillos, Lima, Peru in 1888, hence its name. , its director was Brigade General Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointed to ... Carlos Rabanal Calderon. It was also the '' alma mater'' of Manuel Noriega (1962) and Hugo Chávez Frías (1974). It contains the Escuela de Comandos (Commando School). In 1997, a replica of the Japanese Diplomatic Residency was secretly built there. Tunnels were dug and the rescue plan was practiced again and again until perfect for the '' Operation Chavin de Huantar'' that ended the Japanese embassy host ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Guard (Spain)
The Civil Guard ( es, Guardia Civil, link=no; ) is the oldest law enforcement agency in Spain and is one of two national police forces. As a national gendarmerie force, it is military in nature and is responsible for civil policing under the authority of both the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Defence. The role of the Ministry of Defence is limited except in times of war when the Ministry has exclusive authority. The corps is colloquially known as the ' (reputable). In annual surveys, it generally ranks as the national institution most valued by Spaniards, closely followed by other law enforcement agencies and the armed forces. It has both a regular national role and undertakes specific foreign peacekeeping missions and is part of the European Gendarmerie Force. As a national gendarmerie force, the Civil Guard was modelled on the French National Gendarmerie and has many similarities. As part of its daily duties, the Civil Guard patrols and investigates crimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII (17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African, was King of Spain from 17 May 1886 to 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Alfonso's mother, Maria Christina of Austria, served as regent until he assumed full powers on his sixteenth birthday in 1902. Alfonso XIII's upbringing and public image were closely linked to the military estate, often presenting himself as a soldier-king. His effective reign started four years after the so-called 1898 Disaster, with various social factions projecting their expectations of national regeneration upon him. Similarly to other European monarchs of his time, he played an important political role, entailing a highly controversial use of his constitutional executive powers. His wedding with Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg in 1906 was marked by a regicide attempt, from which he escaped u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augusto B
Augusto is an Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish given name or surname. Notable people with the name include: * Augusto Aníbal * Augusto dos Anjos *Augusto Arbizo * Augusto Barbera (born 1938), Italian law professor, politician and judge * Augusto Benedico *Augusto Boal * Augusto de Campos *Augusto César Sandino *Augusto Fantozzi *Augusto Genina * Augusto B. Leguía *Augusto Monterroso *Augusto Odone, Italian economist who invented Lorenzo's oil *Augusto Pestana (1868-1934) *Augusto Pinochet * Augusto Righi * Augusto Roa Bastos *Augusto Silj *Augusto Vargas Alzamora *Augusto de Vasconcelos *Augusto Vera ;People in sports *Augusto (footballer, born 1992), Brazilian football player, full name Augusto Bruno da Silva *Augusto Farfus, Brazilian race car driver *Augusto Fernández, Argentine footballer *Augusto Franqui, Cuban baseball player *Augusto Inácio, Portuguese footballer * Augusto Oliveira da Silva Brazilian footballer * Luís Augusto Osório Romão (1983) Brazilian football ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Guard (Peru)
The Republican Guard of Peru ( es, Guardia Republicana del Perú) was a branch of the Peruvian National Gendarmerie responsible for providing security to the headquarters of public institutions and penitentiary establishments, as well as border control. Formation The Republican Guard originally started as an infantry regiment of the Peruvian National Gendarmerie, founded in 1852 under the government of José Rufino Echenique as part of a reorganization of the police forces at the time. It became the 1st ''Gendarmes de Infantería'' Batallion ( es, Batallón de Gendarmes de Infantería N.º 1) in 1862, later fighting in the War of the Pacific. In 1855, president Ramón Castilla reorganized the Gendarmerie, consolidating the existing police forces into it and establishing strict entry requirements, as well as increasing their numbers. The following year, continuing with the reorganization of the Gendarmerie, Castilla issues the Decree of April 7, 1856, which divided the Gendarmerie i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Police Of Peru
The Peruvian National Police ( es, Policía Nacional del Perú, PNP) is the national police force of Peru. Its jurisdiction covers the nation's land, sea, and air territories. Formed from the merge of the Peruvian Investigative Police, Investigative Police, the Civil Guard (Peru), Civil Guard, and the Republican Guard (Peru), Republican Guard in 1988, it is one of the largest police forces in Latin America. Its mission is to preserve domestic order, public order and national security, in order to enforce the law and protect the people of Peru. The PNP is controlled by the Ministry of the Interior (Peru), Ministry of the Interior. The PNP has a number of divisions, tasked with enforcing specific aspects of the law; among the more well known are DIROES (Special Operations), DIRANDRO (Anti-Narcotics Unit), DIRINCRI (Criminal Investigations), and DIRCOTE (Anti-Terrorism). History After the Peruvian War of Independence, Independence of Peru in 1821 by José de San Martín, the Civic Gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Guard (Peru)
, mottotranslated = Honor is its badge , formedyear = 1873 , formedmonthday = December 31 , preceding1 = , dissolved = December 6, 1988) until its complete incorporation to the National Police of Peru in 1991. , superseding = National Police of Peru , employees = 30,000 (1980) , volunteers = , budget = , legalpersonality = , country = Peru , countryabbr = , national = , federal = , international = , divtype = , divname = , divdab = , subdivtype = , subdivname = , subdivdab = , map = , mapcaption = , dmap = , sizearea = , sizepopulation = , legaljuris = , governingbody = , governingbodyscnd = , constitution1 = , police = yes , local = , military = , paramilitary = , provost = , gendarmerie = yes , religious = , speciality1 = , secret = , overview ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
