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Personal Rights Association
{{Use British English, date=April 2014 The body which became the Personal Rights Association (PRA) was founded in England in 1871. History The 1913 Annual Report of the PRA records that "On 14 March 1871, a meeting largely attended by sympathisers from various parts of England, was held in Manchester, to consider the possibility of forming a National League or Association for watching, restraining, and influencing legislation, especially in matters affecting the interests of women, and the personal rights and liberties of the people". A conference was held on 14 November in Liverpool and the Vigilance Association was founded. The first issue of a journal was published on 15 January 1881 with the title ''Journal of the Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights''. The quotation below the journal title was from Pierre-Joseph Proudhon "The price of liberty is eternal vigilance". The 240th issue of the Journal, for February 1903, explained the reason for changing the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (, ; ; 1809 – 19 January 1865) was a French anarchist, socialist, philosopher, and economist who founded mutualist philosophy and is considered by many to be the "father of anarchism". He was the first person to call himself an ''anarchist'', using that term, and is widely regarded as one of anarchism's most influential theorists. Proudhon became a member of the French Parliament after the Revolution of 1848, whereafter he referred to himself as a '' federalist''. Proudhon described the liberty he pursued as the synthesis of community and individualism. Some consider his mutualism to be part of individualist anarchism while others regard it to be part of social anarchism.The Anarchist FAQ Collective; McKay, Ian, ed. (2008/2012). ''An Anarchist Faq''. I/II. Oakland/Edinburgh: AK Press. . . Proudhon, who was born in Besançon, was a printer who taught himself Latin in order to better print books in the language. His best-known assertion is that " p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Individualism
Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual. Individualists promote realizing one's goals and desires, valuing independence and self-reliance, and advocating that the interests of the individual should gain precedence over the state or a social group, while opposing external interference upon one's own interests by society or institutions such as the government. Individualism makes the individual its focus, and so starts "with the fundamental premise that the human individual is of primary importance in the struggle for liberation". L. Susan Brown. '' The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism, and Anarchism''. Black Rose Books Ltd. 1993 Individualism represents one kind of sociocultural perspective and is often defined in contrast to other perspectives, such as communitarianism, collectivism and corporatism. Individualism is also associated with artistic and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes the Economic ideology, economic, Political philosophy, political, and Social theory, social theories and Political movement, movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can take various forms, including State ownership, public, Community ownership, community, Collective ownership, collective, cooperative, or Employee stock ownership, employee.: "Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Hiam Levy
Joseph Hiam Levy (1838 – 1913) was an English author and economist. He was educated at the City of London School and joined the Civil Service. He was a member of the London Dialectical Society in the session 1867/8 and gave his address as: "J. H. Levy, Esq., Education Department, Privy Council Office, Downing St, S.W." He later became a lecturer in economics at Birkbeck College and an important figure in the Personal Rights Association. Levy also wrote an introduction to the English translation of Yves Guyot's 1893 work, ''The Tyranny of Socialism''. Levy was an anti-vaccinationist Anti-vaccine activism, which collectively constitutes the "anti-vax" movement, is a set of organized activities expressing opposition to vaccination, and these collaborating networks have often sought to increase vaccine hesitancy by dissem ... as he believed it violated personal rights. He described compulsory vaccination as a "gross and cruel invasion of personal liberty". Levy's anti-vac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Meulen
Henry Meulen (1881–1978) was a British free banking Free banking is a monetary arrangement where banks are free to issue their own paper currency ( banknotes) while also being subject to no special regulations beyond those applicable to most enterprises. In a free banking system, market forces co ... proponent. Meulen was very involved with different British libertarian advocacy organizations, mainly the Personal Rights Association. Selected works * Meulen, Henry. ''Banking and the Social Problem''. 1909 * Meulen, Henry. ''Free banking''. 1934. * Meulen, Henry. ''Free Banking. An outline of a policy of individualism''. 1934 * Meulen, Henry. ''Individualist Anarchism'' (Reprinted from "The Word," November 1949. With a portrait.) 1949 * Meulen, Henry. ''Industrial Justice through Banking Reform. An outline of a policy of individualism''. 1917 * ''The price of gold''. By T. Goeritz and H. Meulen. 3rd ed. 1972 References External links * Part I of ''Instead of a M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnold Lupton
Arnold Lupton (11 September 1846 – 23 May 1930) was a British Liberal Party Member of Parliament, academic, anti-vaccinationist, mining engineer and a managing director ( collieries). He was jailed for pacifist activity during the First World War. Family background Arnold Lupton was the son of Arthur Lupton, (1819–1867) and Elizabeth Wicksteed. His father was a Unitarian minister. and member of the Lupton family of Leeds. His mother's brother was the Rev Charles Wicksteed, a minister at Mill Hill Chapel in Leeds. The Wicksteeds were "Unitarians of vigorous mind and keen intelligence". Career Lupton was articled to Woodhouse and Jeffcock, civil and mining engineers in Derby and became Professor of Coal Mining, at the Yorkshire College from 1878 to 1899 and an examiner in Mine Surveying for the City and Guilds of London Institute. The Royal Coal Commission employed him to prepare maps, sections and estimates of coal reserves in Yorkshire, Derbyshire and Nottingham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josephine Butler
Josephine Elizabeth Butler (; 13 April 1828 – 30 December 1906) was an English feminist and social reformer in the Victorian era. She campaigned for women's suffrage, the right of women to better education, the end of coverture in British law, the repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts, the abolition of child prostitution and an end to human trafficking of young women and children into European prostitution. Grey grew up in a well-to-do and politically connected progressivism, progressive family which helped develop in her a strong social conscience and firmly held religious ideals. She married George Butler (1819–1890), George Butler, an Anglican divine and schoolmaster, and the couple had four children, the last of whom, Eva, died falling from a banister. The death was a turning point for Butler, and she focused her feelings on helping others, starting with the inhabitants of a local workhouse. She began to campaign for women's rights in British law. In 1869 she ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Established In 1871
An organization or organisation ( Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson of a group of people subject to negotiation (e.g.: the Polisario Front being recognized as the sole representative of the Sahrawi people and forming a partially recognized state.) Compare the concept of social groups, which may include non-org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Disestablishments
Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government). * January 6 – The Holy Crown of Hungary (also known as Stephen of Hungary Crown) is returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held since World War II. * January 10 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, a critic of the Nicaraguan government, is assassinated; riots erupt against Anastasio Somoza Debayle, Somoza's government. * January 13 – Former American Vice President Hubert Humphrey, a Democrat, dies of cancer in Waverly, Minnesota, at the age of 66. * January 18 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the British government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland, but not guilty of torture. * January 22 – Ethiopia declares the ambassador of West Germany ''persona non grata''. * January 24 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
