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Peng Meng-chi
Peng Meng-chi (; 12 September 1908 – 19 December 1997) was a Republic of China Army officer and Republic of China diplomat. He held a position in the National Revolutionary Army and was a member of the Kuomintang. Following the retreat of the Republic of China to Taiwan, Peng served as commander of Kaohsiung Fortress in Taiwan. During and in the aftermath of the February 28 incident in 1947, he pursued a suppressive policy and ordered a massacre in Kaohsiung, earning him the nickname "Butcher of Kaohsiung" (高雄屠夫). Early life and military career Peng was born 1908 in Hubei, China. He joined the National Revolutionary Army led by Chiang Kai-shek after graduating from the Republic of China Military Academy, Whampoa Military Academy. February 28 incident and massacre Peng Meng-chi was commander of Kaohsiung Fortress at the start of the February 28 incident in 1947. Chen Yi (Kuomintang), Chen Yi, who was chief executive of Taiwan Province, received a telegram from Chia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peng (surname)
Peng (Chinese language, Chinese: wikt:彭, 彭; pinyin: Péng; alternative forms of romanization include Pang (surname), Pang and Phang (Cantonese, Hakka Chinese, Hakka), Pangestu or Van Ophuijsen Spelling System, Pangestoe (Indonesian language, Indonesian), and Bành (Vietnamese language, Vietnamese)) is a common Chinese family name, ranking 35th most common in 2006. It is the 47th name on the ''Hundred Family Surnames'' poem. Etymology The character (彭) is composed of (''zhǔ'' meaning "drum") and a pictograph (''shān'' representing "beats"). More commonly used as a surname, this character is also an adjective, meaning "big". Origin The surname Peng (彭) is traced to the legend of Peng Zu, God of Longevity, who legend tells lived 800 years. During the Shang dynasty, Jian Keng, a descendant of Zhuanxu, was granted the feudal territory Dapeng (state), Dapeng (Great Peng), and later adopted the name, Peng Zu. Distribution In 2019 it was the 31st most common surname in main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Changsha (1939)
The First Battle of Changsha (17 September 1939 – 6 October 1939; ) was the first of four attempts by Japan to take the city of Changsha, Hunan, during the second Sino-Japanese War. Coming two weeks after Nazi Germany, Germany's invasion of Poland on September 1, it was the first major battle of the war to fall within the time frame of what is widely considered World War II. Background and strategy The war had reached a stalemate after two years of fighting. Professor Fu Sinian noted in July 1939 that while the Chinese army had become stronger, the Japanese army had weakened. On 15 August, the Eleventh Army (Japan), 11th Army came up with the general plans for a campaign south of the Yangtze, ranging from the Xiang River (Xiangjiang) to the Gan River. In early September, Japanese General Toshizō Nishio of the "Japanese Expeditionary Forces to China" and Lieutenant-General Seishirō Itagaki set out to capture Changsha, the provincial capital of Hunan. The Japanese 101st Div ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tan Teng-pho
Chen Cheng-po (; 2 February 1895 – 25 March 1947), was a Taiwanese painter and politician. In 1926, his oil painting '' Street of Chiayi'' was featured in the seventh Teiten (Imperial Arts Exhibition) in Japan, which was the first time a Taiwanese artist's work could be displayed at the exhibition. Chen devoted his life to education and creation, and was greatly concerned about the development of humanist culture in Taiwan. He was not only devoted to the improvement of his own painting, but also to the promotion of the aesthetic education of the Taiwanese people. He was killed as a result of the February 28 Incident, a 1947 uprising in Taiwan which was repressed by the Kuomintang (KMT). Early life Chen was born in Kagi (now known as Chiayi), a few months before the Japanese colonial period, into a poor family that could not invest in his artist talents. After attending college in Taihoku, he returned to his hometown to work as a teacher, a job he held for seven years. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiayi
Chiayi (,), officially known as Chiayi City, is a Provincial city (Taiwan), city located in Chianan Plain in Regions of Taiwan, southwestern Taiwan, surrounded by Chiayi County with a population of 263,188 inhabitants as of January 2023. The Hoanya people inhabited present-day Chiayi under its historical name of ''Tirosen'' prior to the arrival of Han Chinese in Taiwan and was ruled by the Dutch Formosa, Dutch and the Kingdom of Tungning under various names. During the Taiwan under Qing rule, Qing dynasty, Tirosen was governed as part of Taiwan Prefecture in Fuchien Province, Republic of China, Fujian under Zhuluo County and the city was renamed Kagee in 1787. The city was renamed ''Kagi'' during the Taiwan under Japanese rule, Japanese era but an 1906 Meishan earthquake, earthquake in 1906 destroyed much of the town. Kagi was administered as part of Tainan Prefecture from 1920 onwards. Following the surrender of Japan in 1945, the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shanghai
Shanghai, Shanghainese: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China. The city is located on the Chinese shoreline on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowing through it. The population of the city proper is the List of largest cities, second largest in the world after Chongqing, with around 24.87 million inhabitants in 2023, while the urban area is the List of cities in China by population, most populous in China, with 29.87 million residents. As of 2022, the Greater Shanghai metropolitan area was estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (GDP (nominal), nominal) of nearly 13 trillion Renminbi, RMB ($1.9 trillion). Shanghai is one of the world's major centers for finance, #Economy, business and economics, research, science and technology, manufacturing, transportation, List of tourist attractions in Shanghai, tourism, and Culture of Shanghai, culture. The Port of Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiwan Province
Taiwan Province ( zh, t=臺灣省 , p=Táiwān Shěng , poj=Tâi-oân-séng; PFS: ''Thòi-vàn-sén'' or ''Thòi-vân-sén'') is a ''de jure'' administrative division of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Provinces remain a titular division as a part of the Constitution of the Republic of China, but are no longer considered to have any administrative function practically. Taiwan Province covers approximately 69% of the island of Taiwan, and comprises around 31% of the total population. The province initially covered the entire island of Taiwan (Formosa), Penghu (the Pescadores), Orchid Island, Green Island, Xiaoliuqiu Island, and their surrounding islands. Between 1967 and 2014, six special municipalities (Kaohsiung, New Taipei, Taichung, Tainan, Taipei and Taoyuan) were split off from the province, all in the most populous regions. Taiwan was initially made a prefecture of Fujian Province by the Qing dynasty of China after its conquest of the Kingdom of Tungning in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chen Yi (Kuomintang)
Chen Yi (; courtesy names Gongxia (公俠) and later Gongqia (公洽), sobriquet Tuisu (退素); May 3, 1883 – June 18, 1950) was a Chinese military officer and politician who served as the chief executive and garrison commander of Taiwan Province after the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Republic of China. He acted on behalf of the Allied Powers to accept the Japanese Instrument of Surrender in Taipei Zhongshan Hall on October 25, 1945. He is considered to have mismanaged the tension between the Taiwanese and Mainland Chinese which resulted in the February 28 Incident in 1947, resulting in the deaths of 18,000 to 28,000 people, and was dismissed. In June 1948, he was appointed Chairman of Zhejiang Province, but was dismissed and arrested when his plan to surrender to the Chinese Communist Party was discovered. He was sentenced to death and executed by shooting in Taipei in 1950. Early life and education Chen was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. After studying at Qiushi A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of China Military Academy
The Republic of China Military Academy ( zh, t=中華民國陸軍軍官學校, p=Zhōnghúa Mīngúo Lùjūn Jūnguān Xúexiào, poj=Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Lio̍k-kun Kun-koaⁿ Ha̍k-hāu), also known as the Chinese Military Academy (CMA), is the service academy for the Republic of China Army. It was founded by the Republic of China as the Whampoa Military Academy at Huangpu (Whampoa), Guangzhou in 1924. At the end of the Chinese Civil War the academy evacuated to the island of Taiwan and took its current name. Its graduates participated in the Northern Expedition, the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. Establishment By 1924, the Kuomintang (KMT) wanted to build a modern, and politically reliable armed force. The KMT received money, materiel, and advisors from the Soviet Union; military advisors provided training and began reorganizing the KMT's forces along Soviet lines. As part of the reforms, political commissars were introduced for political and techn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung, officially Kaohsiung City, is a special municipality located in southern Taiwan. It ranges from the coastal urban center to the rural Yushan Range with an area of . Kaohsiung City has a population of approximately 2.73 million people as of October 2023 and is Taiwan's third most populous city and largest city in southern Taiwan. Founded in the 17th century as a small trading village named Takau, the city has since grown into the political and economic center of southern Taiwan, with key industries such as manufacturing, steel-making, oil refining, freight transport and shipbuilding. It is classified as a "Gamma −" level global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, with some of the most prominent infrastructures in Taiwan. Kaohsiung is of strategic importance to the nation as the city is the main port city of Taiwan; the Port of Kaohsiung is the largest and busiest harbor in Taiwan and more than 67% of the nation's exports and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
February 28 Incident
The February 28 incident (also called the February 28 massacre, the 228 incident, or the 228 massacre) was an anti-government uprising in Taiwan in 1947 that was violently suppressed by the Kuomintang–led nationalist government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China (ROC). Directed by Taiwan Province, provincial governor Chen Yi (Kuomintang), Chen Yi and president Chiang Kai-shek, thousands of civilians were killed beginning on February 28. The incident is considered to be one of the most important events in Taiwan's modern history and was a critical impetus for the Taiwan independence movement, Taiwan independence movement. In 1945, following the surrender of Japan at the End of World War II in Asia, end of World War II, the Allies of World War II, Allies handed administrative control of Taiwan over to China, thus ending 50 years of Taiwan under Japanese rule, Japanese colonial rule. Local residents became resentful of what they saw as high-handed and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retreat Of The Republic Of China To Taiwan
Following their defeat in the Chinese Civil War, the remnants of the Nationalist government of the Republic of China (ROC), alongside many refugees, retreated to the island of Taiwan (Formosa) beginning on December 7, 1949. The exodus is sometimes called the Great Retreat () in Taiwan. The Nationalist Kuomintang party (KMT), its officers, and approximately 2 million ROC troops took part in the retreat, in addition to many civilians and refugees, fleeing the advance of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCP, who now effectively controlled most of mainland China, spent the subsequent years purging any remnant Nationalist agents in western and southern China, solidifying the rule of the newly established People's Republic of China (PRC). ROC troops mostly fled to Taiwan from provinces in southern China, in particular Sichuan Province, where the last stand of the ROC's main army took place. The flight to Taiwan took place over four mon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
