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Pem Bird MNZM (cropped)
PEM or Pem may refer to: Science and technology * Photoelastic modulator, an optical device * Polyelectrolyte multilayer, thin films * Proton-exchange membrane, semipermeable * Porous European Mix, another name for asphalt concrete Computing and electronics * Plastic encapsulated microcircuits, a method for packaging microcircuits * Power entry module, used in electrical appliances * PCI Express Mini, a computer bus standard * Privacy-Enhanced Mail, whose file format is also often used for X.509 certificates Medicine * Polioencephalomalacia * Protein–energy malnutrition * Pediatric emergency medicine * Positron emission mammography, a nuclear medicine imaging modality * Post-exertional malaise Places * Peabody Essex Museum, an art and historical museum located in Salem, Massachusetts, US * Padre Aldamiz International Airport (IATA code), Madre de Dios, Peru * Pemberton railway station (National Rail station code), England * Pembrokeshire (Chapman code), a county in Wales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photoelastic Modulator
A photoelastic modulator (PEM) is an optical device used to modulate the polarization of a light source. The photoelastic effect is used to change the birefringence of the optical element in the photoelastic modulator. PEM was first invented by J. Badoz in the 1960s and originally called a "birefringence modulator." It was initially developed for physical measurements including optical rotary dispersion and Faraday rotation, polarimetry of astronomical objects, strain-induced birefringence, and ellipsometry. Later developers of the photoelastic modulator include J.C Kemp, S.N Jasperson and S.E Schnatterly. Description The basic design of a photoelastic modulator consists of a piezoelectric transducer and a half wave resonant bar; the bar being a transparent material (now most commonly fused silica). The transducer is tuned to the natural frequency of the bar. This resonance modulation results in highly sensitive polarization measurements. The fundamental vibration of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) is a medical subspecialty of both pediatrics and emergency medicine. It involves the care of undifferentiated, unscheduled children with acute illnesses or injuries that require immediate medical attention. While not usually providing long-term or continuing care, pediatric emergency doctors undertake the necessary investigations and interventions to diagnose patients in the acute phase, to liaise with physicians from other specialities, and to resuscitate and stabilize children who are seriously ill or injured. Pediatric emergency physicians generally practice in hospital emergency departments. Training United States Pediatric emergency physicians in the United States take one of two routes of training; one can do a pediatrics residency (3 years) followed by a pediatric emergency fellowship (3 years), or an emergency medicine residency (3–4 years) followed by a pediatric emergency fellowship (2 years). Majority of practicing PEM doctors take th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pem Sluijter
Pem SluijterSometimes spelled as Pem Sluyter. (15 May 1939 – 18 December 2007) was a Dutch poet. Biography Pem Sluijter was born in 1939 in Middelburg, Netherlands. Sluijter worked between 1959 and 1963 as journalist at ''Het Parool''. Sluijter made her debut at 58 years of age with poetry collection ''Roos is een bloem'' (1997). She won the C. Buddingh'-prijs for this debut. Her second poetry collection ''Het licht van Attica'' was published in 2004. Both of her publications were published by De Arbeiderspers. Sluijter died in The Hague in December 2007. In 2018, her poem ''Nachtbraak'' was added to a wall in the Batjanstraat in The Hague, both in Dutch and translated into English. Awards * 1997: C. Buddingh'-prijs The C. Buddingh'-prijs (Dutch for C. Buddingh' Prize) is an annual literary award for the best debut poetry collection in Dutch. The award is given by Poetry International Web, Poetry International and is named after Dutch poet C. Buddingh'. The ..., '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pembrokeshire
Pembrokeshire ( ; ) is a Principal areas of Wales, county in the South West Wales, south-west of Wales. It is bordered by Carmarthenshire to the east, Ceredigion to the northeast, and otherwise by the sea. Haverfordwest is the largest town and administrative headquarters of Pembrokeshire County Council. The county is generally sparsely populated and rural, with an area of and a population of 123,400. After Haverfordwest, the largest settlements are Milford Haven (13,907), Pembroke Dock (9,753), and Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Pembroke (7,552). St Davids (1,841) is a city, the smallest by population in the UK. Welsh language, Welsh is spoken by 17.2 percent of the population, and for Landsker Line, historic reasons is more widely spoken in the north of the county than in the south. Pembrokeshire's coast is its most dramatic geographic feature, created by the complex geology of the area. It is a varied landscape which includes high sea cliffs, wide sandy beaches, the large natural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pemberton Railway Station
Pemberton railway station serves the Pemberton area of Wigan in Greater Manchester, England. It is on the Kirkby branch line from Wigan Wallgate. The station was opened on 20 November 1848 by the Liverpool and Bury Railway. It on the A571 Billinge Road. The platforms are at the bottom of two ramps (one on each side) which until recently was cobbled on the bound platform. Once on the platform, the line underneath the bridge is obscured by overgrown trees. Pemberton is served by major bus routes 601 and 602 operated by Bee Network as part of its Tranche 1 project with Go North West being awarded the contract for both those two services. Facilities This station is unstaffed, however it is accessible via steep ramps from street level. There is no disabled access at this station. Step-free access is provided to both platforms. Basic shelters are located on each platform, along with digital display screens and timetable poster boards. (as of 2020) a self service ticket machine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Padre Aldamiz International Airport
Padre Aldamiz International Airport , also known as Puerto Maldonado International Airport, is an airport serving the city of Puerto Maldonado in the Madre de Dios Region of Peru. The airport oversees one domestic (national) airline with commercial flights. Padre Aldamiz International Airport is near some of Peru's noted ecological areas, such as the national jungle reserve of Tambopata-Candamo. Padre Aldamiz International Airport benefits mostly from one type of traveler, ecology tourists. Western doctors often warn that airport authorities require travelers to carry documentation informing about yellow fever vaccination because of its rainforest location. The airport was served by Peru's national airline, AeroPerú. AeroPerú ceased operations in 1999, and, subsequently, other airlines have entered the Lima to Puerto Maldonado air route. Nuevo Continente made an attempt in 2004, but that airline suspended operations amid allegations of drug trafficking by their owners. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peabody Essex Museum
The Peabody Essex Museum (PEM) in Salem, Massachusetts, US, is a successor to the East India Marine Society, established in 1799. It combines the collections of the former Peabody Museum of Salem (which acquired the Society's collection) and the Essex Institute. PEM is one of the oldest continuously operating museums in the United States and holds one of the major collections of Asian art in the United States. Its total holdings include about 1.3 million pieces, as well as twenty-two historic buildings. After opening newly expanded spaces in 2019, PEM now ranks in the top 10 North American art museums in terms of gallery square footage, operating budget and endowment. The PEM holds more than 840,000 works of historical and cultural art covering maritime, American, Asian, Oceanic and African art, Asian export art, and two large libraries with over 400,000 books and manuscripts. History In 1992, the Peabody Museum of Salem merged with the Essex Institute to form the Peabod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-exertional Malaise
Post-exertional malaise (PEM), sometimes referred to as post-exertional symptom exacerbation (PESE) or post-exertional neuroimmune exhaustion (PENE), is a worsening of symptoms that occurs after minimal exertion. It is the hallmark symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and common in long COVID and fibromyalgia. PEM is often severe enough to be disabling, and is triggered by ordinary activities that healthy people tolerate. Typically, it begins 12–48 hours after the activity that triggers it, and lasts for days, but this is highly variable and may persist much longer. Management of PEM is symptom-based, and patients are recommended to pace their activities to avoid triggering PEM. History and terminology One of the first definitions of ME/CFS, the Holmes Criteria published in 1988, does not use the term ''post-exertional malaise'' but describes prolonged fatigue after exercise as a symptom. The term was later used in a 1991 review summarizi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Positron Emission Mammography
Positron emission mammography (PEM) is a nuclear medicine imaging modality used to detect or characterise breast cancer. Mammography typically refers to x-ray imaging of the breast, while PEM uses an injected positron emitting isotope and a dedicated scanner to locate breast tumors. Scintimammography is another nuclear medicine breast imaging technique, however it is performed using a gamma camera. Breasts can be imaged on standard whole-body PET scanners, however dedicated PEM scanners offer advantages including improved resolution. PEM is not recommended for routine use or for breast cancer screening, in part due to higher radiation dose compared to other modalities. Compared to breast MRI, PEM offers higher specificity. Specific indications can include "high-risk patients with masses > 2 cm or aggressive malignancy and serum tumor marker elevation". 18F-FDG is the most common radiopharmaceutical used for PEM. Equipment PEM uses a specialised scanning system. Though some s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein–energy Malnutrition
Protein–energy undernutrition (PEU), once called protein–energy malnutrition (PEM), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy (calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees. Types include: * Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition predominant) * Marasmus (deficiency in calorie intake) * Marasmic kwashiorkor (marked protein deficiency and marked calorie insufficiency signs present, sometimes referred to as the most severe form of malnutrition) PEU is fairly common worldwide in both children and adults and accounts for about 250,000 deaths annually. In the industrialized world, PEM is predominantly seen in hospitals, is associated with disease, or is often found in the elderly."Dietary Reference Intake: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements" published by the Institute of Medicine and available online at https://www.nap.edu/read/11537/chapter/14?ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyelectrolyte Multilayer
Polyelectrolytes are polymers whose repeating units bear an electrolyte group. Polycations and polyanions are polyelectrolytes. These groups dissociate in aqueous solutions (water), making the polymers charged. Polyelectrolyte properties are thus similar to both electrolytes (salts) and polymers (high molecular weight compounds) and are sometimes called polysalts. Like salts, their solutions are electrically conductive. Like polymers, their solutions are often viscous. Charged molecular chains, commonly present in soft matter systems, play a fundamental role in determining structure, stability and the interactions of various molecular assemblies. Theoretical approaches to describe their statistical properties differ profoundly from those of their electrically neutral counterparts, while technological and industrial fields exploit their unique properties. Many biological molecules are polyelectrolytes. For instance, polypeptides, glycosaminoglycans, and DNA are polyelectrolytes. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polioencephalomalacia
Polioencephalomalacia (PEM), also referred to as cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN), is a neurological disease seen in ruminants that is caused by multiple factors, one of which is thiamine depletion in the body. Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a key chemical in glucose metabolism that, when deficient, is most threatening to neurological activity. In addition to altered thiamine status, an association with high sulfur intake has been observed as a potential cause of PEM. PEM may also be caused by other toxic or metabolic diseases such as: acute lead poisoning or salt poisoning. Cattle, sheep, goat, and other ruminants that are diagnosed with PEM or pre-PEM suffer opisthotonus, cortical blindness, disoriented movement, and eventually fatality, if left untreated. Current data shows that the onset of PEM can range from birth to late adulthood. Causes Thiamine deficiency Thiamine availability is controlled by the direct dietary consumption of thiamine. Thiamine availability is also regulate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
