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Paula Line
Paula Line refers to the German defense line in late World War II, around the Sillaro river in northern Italy Northern Italy ( it, Italia settentrionale, it, Nord Italia, label=none, it, Alta Italia, label=none or just it, Nord, label=none) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy. It consists of eight administrative Regions .... Defended by the I Parachute Corps, it was breached by II Polish Corps around 15 April 1945. References World War II defensive lines {{WWII-stub ...
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Defense Line
A defense line or fortification line is a geographically-recognizable line of troops and armament, fortified and set up to protect a high-value location or defend territory. A defense line may be based on natural difficult terrain features, such as rivers or marshes, mountain ranges, or coastlines; temporary field fortification works such as trenches; and/or more permanent fortifications such as fortresses and bunkers. List of defense lines Some notable defense lines include: Historical * Great Wall of China, China * Sassanian defense lines ** Great Wall of Gorgan, Persia ** Derbent Walls * Defence lines of the Netherlands * Median Wall (before 401 BC) * Limes Germanicus, Germany * Hadrian's Wall, United Kingdom (122) * Antonine Wall, United Kingdom (142) * Serpent's Wall, Ukraine * Western Russian fortresses, Russia * Civil War Defenses of Washington, United States * Victoria Lines, Malta (1875) * Hindenburg Line, France (1916) * Maginot Line, France (19 ...
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Sillaro
The Sillaro (Latin ''Silarus,'' Emilian ''Sàrrel,'' Romagnol ''Sélar'') is a long Italian stream, whose headwaters are by the village of Piancaldoli (Firenzuola, province of Florence), in Tuscany. It runs northeast through the city of Castel San Pietro Terme, Province of Bologna in Emilia Romagna. The river runs through a short extension of the province of Ravenna extending into the province of Bologna before re-entering the province of Bologna. It then forms the border between the province of Ferrara and the province of Ravenna for a short distance before entering the province of Ferrara. The river ends as a tributary of the Reno River by the village of San Biagio di Argenta and near where the Idice enters the Reno. Historically its course formed the boundary between Emilia and Romagna Romagna ( rgn, Rumâgna) is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna, North Italy. Traditionally, it is limite ...
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Northern Italy
Northern Italy ( it, Italia settentrionale, it, Nord Italia, label=none, it, Alta Italia, label=none or just it, Nord, label=none) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy. It consists of eight administrative Regions of Italy, regions: Aosta Valley, Piedmont, Liguria, Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige. As of 2014, its population was 27,801,460. Rhaeto-Romance and Gallo-Italic languages are spoken in the region, as opposed to the Italo-Dalmatian languages spoken in the rest of Italy. The Venetian language is sometimes considered to be part of the Italo-Dalmatian languages, but some major publications such as ''Ethnologue'' (to which UNESCO refers on its page about endangered languages) and ''Glottolog'' define it as Gallo-Italic. For statistic purposes, the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT) uses the terms Northwest Italy and Northeast Italy for two of Italy's five statistical regions in its reporting ...
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1st Parachute Corps (Germany)
The I Fallschirmkorps (1st Parachute Corps) was one of the main German Luftwaffe Corps during World War II. History This Corps was formed on 1 January 1944 in Rome from Alfred Schlemm's headquarters staff, including from the II Luftwaffe Field Corps and the XIII Luftwaffe Air Corps. The Corps fought exclusively in Italy. During it existence, it was composed of the 1st and 4th Parachute Divisions and several Infantry Divisions. The 1st Parachute Corps were initially dispatched from Rome to bolster the Winter Line along the Garigliano River, but were urgently transferred to oppose the Allied beachhead at Anzio as part of Operation Shingle. By 18 January 1944, under orders from Field Marshal Alfred Kesselring, their role specifically involved protecting the coastal sector near Rome. The 1st Parachute Corps were made headquarters in charge of the operation to defend the coastal area of Anzio for three days until passing command to Colonel General Eberhard von Mackensen, comman ...
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II Polish Corps
The Polish II Corps ( pl, Drugi Korpus Wojska Polskiego), 1943–1947, was a major tactical and operational unit of the Polish Armed Forces in the West during World War II. It was commanded by Lieutenant General Władysław Anders and fought with distinction in the Italian Campaign, in particular at the Battle of Monte Cassino. By the end of 1945, the corps had grown to well over 100,000 soldiers. History Victims of Soviet deportations from occupied Poland in 1939–40 had been processed by the NKVD and sent to prison or exile in Siberia. The Nazi-Soviet pact of August 1939 effectively ended on 22 June 1941 when the German Wehrmacht invaded the USSR. The release of many thousands of former citizens of Poland (including Ukrainians and Belorussians) from the Soviet Gulags, following the signing of the Polish-Russian Military Agreement on 14 August 1941, allowed for the creation of a Polish Army on Soviet soil. Its first commander, General Michał Tokarzewski, began the task of ...
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