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Paul-Henri Spaak
Paul-Henri Charles Spaak (; 25 January 1899 – 31 July 1972) was an influential Belgian Socialist politician, diplomat and statesman who thrice served as the prime minister of Belgium and later as the second secretary general of NATO. Nicknamed "Mr. Europe", he was a leader in the formation of the institutions that evolved into the current European Union, along with Robert Schuman, Alcide De Gasperi and Konrad Adenauer. A member of the influential Spaak family, he served briefly in World War I before he was captured, and rose to prominence after the war as a tennis player and lawyer, becoming famous for his high-profile defence of an Italian student accused of attempting to assassinate Italy's crown prince in 1929. A convinced socialist, Spaak entered politics in 1932 for the Belgian Workers' Party (later the Belgian Socialist Party) and gained his first ministerial portfolio in the government of Paul Van Zeeland in 1935. He became the prime minister in 1938 and held t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excellency
Excellency is an honorific style (manner of address), style given to certain high-level officers of a sovereign state, officials of an international organization, or members of an aristocracy. Once entitled to the title "Excellency", the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime, although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office. Generally people addressed as ''Excellency'' are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, Roman Catholic bishops, high-ranking ecclesiastics, and others holding equivalent rank, such as heads of international organizations. Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty, Highness, etc.. While not a title of office itself, the honorific ''Excellency'' precedes various titles held by the holder, both in speech and in writing. In reference to such an official, it takes the form ''His'' or ''Her Excellency''; in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schaerbeek
(French language, French, ; former History of Dutch orthography, Dutch spelling) or (modern Dutch language, Dutch, ) is one of the List of municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, 19 municipalities of the Brussels, Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the north-eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels, Etterbeek, Evere and Saint-Josse-ten-Noode. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally Multilingualism, bilingual (French–Dutch). Schaerbeek has a multicultural identity stemming from its diverse population. , the municipality had a population of 130,690 inhabitants. The total area is , which gives a population density of , twice the average of Brussels. Toponymy Etymology The first mention of Schaerbeek's name was ''Scarenbecca'', recorded in a document from the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cambrai, Bishop of Cambrai in 1120. The origin of the name may come from the Franconian languages, Franconian (Old Dutch) wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konrad Adenauer
Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman and politician who served as the first Chancellor of Germany, chancellor of West Germany from 1949 to 1963. From 1946 to 1966, he was the first leader of the Christian Democratic Union (Germany), Christian Democratic Union (CDU), a newly founded Christian democracy, Christian democratic party, which became the dominant force in the country under his leadership. As a devout Catholic, Adenauer was a leading politician of the Catholic Centre Party (Germany), Centre Party in the Weimar Republic, serving as Mayor of Cologne (1917–1933) and as president of the Prussian State Council. In the early years of the Federal Republic, he switched focus from denazification to recovery, and led his country to close relations with France, the United Kingdom, and the United States. During his years in power, he worked to restore the Economic history of Germany#Economic miracle and beyond, West German economy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Schuman
Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Robert Schuman (; 29 June 1886 – 4 September 1963) was a Luxembourg-born France, French statesman. Schuman was a Christian democrat, Christian democratic (Popular Republican Movement) political thinker and activist. Twice Prime Minister of France, a reformist Minister of Finance and a Foreign Minister, he was instrumental in building postwar European and trans-Atlantic institutions and was one of the founders of the European Communities, the Council of Europe and NATO. The 1964–1965 academic year at the College of Europe was named in his honour. In 2021, Schuman was declared venerable by Pope Francis in recognition of his acting on Christian principles. Early life Schuman was born in 29 June 1886 in Clausen, Luxembourg, inheriting his father's German citizenship. His father, Jean-Pierre Schuman (d. 1900), who was a native of Lorraine (region), Lorraine and was born a French citizen, had become a German citizen when Lorraine was annexed by Germany i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Founding Fathers Of The European Union
{{disambiguation ...
Founding may refer to: * The formation of a corporation, government, or other organization * The laying of a building's foundation * The casting of materials in a mold See also * Foundation (other) * Incorporation (other) Incorporation may refer to: * Incorporation (business), the creation of a business or corporation * Incorporation of a place, the creation of municipal corporation such as a city or county * Incorporation (academic), awarding a degree based on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spaak Family
{{Use dmy dates, date=April 2018 Spaak is a family originating in Bohuslän, Sweden, with notable branches in Belgium, France, and Italy.Paul De Zuttere, ''Famille Spaak'', dans : L'Intermédiaire des Généalogistes, n°385, Bruxelles, January–February 2010 Elias Jonæ Spaak (1650–1728), enrolled at Lund University in 1683 and subsequently postmaster and deputy customs chief inspector of Uddevalla, Bohuslän, assumed the family name in accordance with that of his residence. Among his issue were Protestant reformer Peter Spaak (1696–1769), and Magnus Spaak (1699–1768), who emigrated to Brussels, Belgium. Among Magnus Spaak's issue was Jacques Joseph Spaak (1742–1825), painter. Members in selection Sweden * Peter Spaak (1696–1769), Protestant Reformer * George Spaak (1877–1966), engineer * Ragnar Spaak (1907–1979), physician Belgium/France * Jacques Joseph Spaak (1742–1825), Belgian painter * Louis Spaak (1804–1893), Belgian architect * Bob Spaak (191 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free University Of Brussels (1834–1969)
The Free University of Brussels ( or ULB; , later ''Vrije Universiteit Brussel'') was a private university in Brussels, Belgium. It existed between 1834 and 1969 when it split along linguistic lines. Founded in 1834 on the principle of "free inquiry" (), its founders envisaged the institution as a freethought, freethinker reaction to the traditional dominance of Catholicism in the country's education system. It was avowedly secularism, secular and particularly associated with Liberalism in Belgium, political liberalism during the era of pillarisation. The Free University was one of Belgium's major universities, together with the Catholic University of Leuven (1835–1968), Catholic University of Leuven and the University of Liège, state universities of Liège and University of Ghent, Ghent. The "Linguistic Wars" affected the Free University, which split along language lines in 1969 in the aftermath of Split of the Catholic University of Leuven, student unrest at Leuven the prev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgian Socialist Party
The Belgian Socialist Party (, , PSB; , , BSP) was a social-democratic political party which existed in Belgium from 1945 to 1978. During its time in office, a number of progressive social reforms were introduced. The BSP was founded by activists from the Belgian Labour Party (1885–1940), which was the first Belgian socialist party. It ceased to function during the Second World War, while Belgium was under Nazi occupation. Its main support bases were the co-operative and trade union movements, and it won relatively more support in Wallonia. Like most Belgian political organisations, the party supported greater integration with the European Economic Community, albeit in a socialist context. As linguistic and community issues became more divisive, the Belgian Socialist Party split into two new entities: the Flemish Socialist Party for the Flemish community and the Parti Socialiste (PS) for the Francophone community. Presidents Election results From the 1971 general elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgian Labour Party
The Belgian Labour Party (, , BWP; , , POB) was the first major Socialism, socialist party in Belgium. Founded in 1885, the party achieved its first electoral breakthrough in the aftermath of World War I. It was officially disbanded after the German invasion of Belgium (1940), German invasion of Belgium in 1940 and superseded by the Belgian Socialist Party in 1945. History In April 1885, a meeting of 112 workers took place in a room of the café '':nl:De Zwaan (Brussel), De Zwaan'' on the Grand-Place in Brussels, at the same place where the First International had convened, and where Karl Marx had written ''The Communist Manifesto''. At this meeting the Belgian Labour Party (POB or BWP) was created. Several groups had been represented at this meeting, including the BSP of Edward Anseele. The members were mainly craftsmen and not workers from industrial centres (with the exception of Ghent). When drafting a programme for the new party, it was feared that a radical programme would ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Janson
Marie Janson (23 July 1873 – 8 March 1960) was a Belgian politician and the first woman to serve in the Belgian senate. She was a daughter of Paul Janson and Anna-Augustine Amoré. Born in Brussels, her father Paul Janson was leading member of the progressive wing of the Belgian liberal movement and founder of the Fédération progressiste. Her brother Paul-Émile Janson served as Prime Minister of Belgium. Marie's mother, Anna-Augustine Amoré was a well-educated woman of middle-origins who had worked as teacher at Isabelle Gatti de Gamond's school before her marriage; Marie herself was educated there. On 22 July 1894, she married lawyer and playwright Paul Spaak. The couple had four children, of whom Paul-Henri Spaak, later Belgian Prime Minister like his uncle Paul-Émile, was the most famous. During the First World War Marie was active in social work and this led her to join the Socialist Party. She was elected to the municipal council of Saint-Gilles in 1921, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Spaak
Paul Louis François Spaak (5 July 1871 – 8 May 1936) was a Belgian lawyer, poet, literary historian, and playwright. Born in Ixelles, Spaak graduated in law at the Université libre de Bruxelles in 1894. On 22 July 1894, he married Marie Janson, daughter of Paul Janson. The couple had four children, of whom Paul-Henri Spaak, later Belgian Prime Minister like his uncle Paul-Emile Janson, was the most famous. Paul Spaak was a member of Royal Academy of Belgium from 19 August 1920 until 8 May 1936. From 1920 until his death, Paul Spaak was co-director of the Royal Theatre of La Monnaie. He shared this position with Maurice Corneil de Thoran and Jean Van Glabbeke. Selection of works * ''L'hérédité dans la littérature française antérieure au XIXe siècle'', in: ''Revue Universitaire'', 1893 * ''Les Voyages vers mon pays'', 1907 (collection of poems) * ''Kaatje'', 1908 (theatre play, premiered at the Royal Park Theatre, Brussels) * ''La Madone'', 1908 (theatre play ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
