|
Pathans Of India
Pathans or the Pathans in India are citizens or residents in Indian Republic, India who are of ethnic Pashtun ancestry. "Pathan" is the local Hindi-Urdu, Hindavi term for an individual who belongs to the Pashtun ethnic group, or descends from it. The Pathans originate from the regions of Eastern Afghanistan and Northwestern Pakistan, ethnolinguistically known as Pashtunistan. There are varying estimates of the population of Pashtun diaspora, Pathan descent living in India, ranging from 3.2 million people per the All India Pakhtoon Jirga-e-Hind to "twice their population in Afghanistan" as per Khan Mohammad Atif, an academic at the University of Lucknow. In the 2011 Census of India, 21,677 individuals reported Pashto as their mother tongue. Large-scale Pashtun migration began in the Medieval India, 11th and 12th centuries, as a result of the many Muslim List of Pashtun empires and dynasties, empires and dynasties founded by Pashtuns on the Indian subcontinent. Pashtuns also arri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All India Pakhtoon Jirga-e-Hind
The All India Pakhtoon Jirga-e-Hind ( , ), commonly known as the Jirga-e-Hind ( , ), is an organisation representing the interests of Pashtuns in India. It is chaired by Yasmin Nigar Khan. Activities The All India Pakthoon Jirga-e-Hind seeks to provide 3,200,000 Pashtuns living and working within the Republic of India with Indian citizenship. It appeals to an agreement made between Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Jawaharlal Nehru that would enable Pashtuns who wished to stay in India after its partition to do so; Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar had strongly opposed the partition of India. The organisation wishes to see the creation of two universities in Delhi and Calcutta in honour of Indian independence movement activist Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan. These universities would provide an education for the Pashtuns of Afghanistan who wish to study in India, although others would receive admission as well. The All India Pakthoon Jirga-e-Hind has advocated for the merger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political Succession to Muhammad, successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (Imamah (Shia doctrine), imam). However, his right is understood to have been usurped by a number of Companions of the Prophet, Muhammad's companions at the meeting of Saqifa where they appointed Abu Bakr () as caliph instead. As such, Sunni Muslims believe Abu Bakr, Umar (), Uthman () and Ali to be 'Rashidun, rightly-guided caliphs' whereas Shia Muslims only regard Ali as the legitimate successor. Shia Muslims assert imamate continued through Ali's sons Hasan ibn Ali, Hasan and Husayn ibn Ali, Husayn, after whom different Shia branches have their own imams. They revere the , the family of Muhammad, maintaining that they possess divine knowledge. Shia holy sites include the Imam Ali Shrine, shrine of Ali in Naj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Indian Express
''The Indian Express'' is an English-language Indian daily newspaper founded in 1932 by P. Varadarajulu Naidu. It is headquartered in Noida, owned by the ''Indian Express Group''. It was later taken over by Ramnath Goenka. In 1999, eight years after Goenka's death in 1991, the group was split between the family members. The southern editions took the name '' The New Indian Express'', while the northern editions, based in Mumbai, retained the original ''Indian Express'' name with ''The'' prefixed to the title. History In 1932, the ''Indian Express'' was started by an Ayurvedic doctor, P. Varadarajulu Naidu, at Chennai, being published by his Tamil Nadu press. Soon under financial difficulties, he sold the newspaper to Swaminathan Sadanand, the founder of '' The Free Press Journal'', a national news agency. In 1933, the ''Indian Express'' opened its second office in Madurai, launching the Tamil edition, '' Dinamani''. Sadanand introduced several innovations and reduced t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The News International
''The News International'', published in broadsheet size, is one of the largest English language newspapers in Pakistan. It is published daily from Karachi, Lahore and Rawalpindi/ Islamabad. An overseas edition is published from London that caters to the Pakistani community in the United Kingdom.Profile of Pakistani newspaper The News International on mondotimes.com website Retrieved 22 September 2017. Publication ''The News International'' was launched in 1991. ''The News International'' and its Sunday version ''The News on Sunday'' is published by the Jang Group of Newspapers, publisher of the ''[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daily News And Analysis
The ''Daily News and Analysis'', abbreviated as ''DNA'', is a Hindi-language news program on Zee news that was earlier an English-language newspaper with multiple local city editions across India. ''DNA'' was first launched as a broadsheet newspaper out of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India on 30 July 2005 through a 50:50 joint venture between the Zee Media Corporation and the Dainik Bhaskar group under the company name Diligent Media Corporation Ltd. The newspaper had first launched its outdoor advertising campaign through billboards and placards in Mumbai during early 2005, with the tagline, "Speak Up, It's in Your DNA", which became its catch-phrase over the months. With the announcement of the launch of ''DNA'' came several other rival newspapers by large media conglomerates in the city, including the first-time-ever Mumbai edition of the predominantly north-Indian ''Hindustan Times'' and the ''Times of India''s rival the '' Mumbai Mirror'' newspaper that was later digitised into a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashtun Diaspora
Pashtun diaspora () comprises all ethnic Pashtuns. There are millions of Pashtuns who are living outside of their traditional homeland of Pashtunistan, a historic region that is today situated over parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan. While the (erstwhile) Pashtunistan is home to the majority of Pashtun people, there are significant local Pashtun diaspora communities scattered across the neighbouring Pakistani provinces of Sindh and Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab, particularly in their respective provincial capital cities of Karachi and Lahore. Additionally, people with Pashtun ancestry are also found across India; particularly in Rohilkhand, a region in the Indian state of Pathans of Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh; and in the Indian states of Pathans of Gujarat, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Outside of South Asia, significant Pashtun diaspora communities are found in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf (primarily in the United Arab Emirates), the United States, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashtunistan
Pashtunistan () or Pakhtunistan is a historical region on the crossroads of Central and South Asia, located on the Iranian Plateau, inhabited by the Pashtun people of southern and eastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan, wherein Pashtun culture, the Pashto language, and identity have been based. Alternative names historically used for the region include Pashtūnkhwā or Pakhtūnkhwā (), Pathānistān, or simply the Pashtun Belt. During British rule in India in 1893, Mortimer Durand drew the Durand Line, fixing the limits of the spheres of influence between the Emirate of Afghanistan and British India during the Great Game and leaving about half of historical Pashtun territory under British colonial rule; after the partition of British India, the Durand Line now forms the internationally recognized border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The traditional Pashtun homeland stretches roughly from the areas south of the Amu River in Afghanistan to the areas west of the Indus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghan (ethnonym)
The ethnonym Afghan (Pashto: ) has been used historically to refer to the Pashtuns. Since the second half of the twentieth century, the term " Afghan" evolved into a demonym for all residents of Afghanistan, including those outside of the Pashtun ethnicity. Mentions The earliest mention of the name ''Afghan'' (''Abgân'') is by Shapur I of the Sassanid Empire during the 3rd century CE. In the 4th century, the word "Afghans/Afghana" (αβγανανο) was used in reference to a particular people as mentioned in the Bactrian documents. The name of the ''Aśvakan'' or ''Assakan'' has been preserved in that of the modern Pashtun, with the name Afghan being derived from Asvakan.Indische Alterthumskunde, Vol I, fn 6; also Vol II, p 129, et al.Etude Sur la Geog Grecque & c, pp 39-47, M. V. de Saint Martin.The Earth and Its Inhabitants, 1891, p 83, Élisée Reclus - Geography.''"Afghans are Assakani of the Greeks; this word being the Sanskrit Ashvaka meaning 'horsemen' " '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in South Asia. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another, they existed between 1612 and 1947, conventionally divided into three historical periods: *Between 1612 and 1757, the East India Company set up "factories" (trading posts) in several locations, mostly in coastal India, with the consent of the Mughal emperors, Maratha Empire or local rulers. Its rivals were the merchant trading companies of Portugal, Denmark, the Netherlands, and France. By the mid-18th century three ''Presidency towns'': Madras, Bombay and Calcutta, had grown in size. *During the period of Company rule in India, 1757–1858, the Company gradually acquired sovereignty over large parts of India, now called "Presidencies". However, it also increasingly came under British government oversight, in effect sharing sovereig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopædia Britannica
The is a general knowledge, general-knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It has been published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. since 1768, although the company has changed ownership seven times. The 2010 version of the 15th edition, which spans 32 volumes and 32,640 pages, was the last printed edition. Since 2016, it has been published exclusively as an online encyclopedia, online encyclopaedia. Printed for 244 years, the ''Britannica'' was the longest-running in-print encyclopaedia in the English language. It was first published between 1768 and 1771 in Edinburgh, Scotland, in three volumes. The encyclopaedia grew in size; the second edition was 10 volumes, and by its fourth edition (1801–1810), it had expanded to 20 volumes. Its rising stature as a scholarly work helped recruit eminent contributors, and the 9th (1875–1889) and Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, 11th editions (1911) are landmark encyclopaedias for scholarship and literary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindi-Urdu
Hindustani is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in North India and Pakistan as the lingua franca of the region. It is also spoken by the Deccani-speaking community in the Deccan plateau. Hindustani is a pluricentric language with two standard registers, known as Hindi (Sanskritised register written in the Devanagari script) and Urdu ( Persianized and Arabized register written in the Perso-Arabic script) which serve as official languages of India and Pakistan, respectively. Thus, it is also called Hindi–Urdu. Colloquial registers of the language fall on a spectrum between these standards. In modern times, a third variety of Hindustani with significant English influences has also appeared, which is sometimes called Hinglish or Urdish.Salwathura, A. N.Evolutionary development of ‘hinglish’language within the Indian sub-continent. ''International Journal of Research-GRANTHAALAYAH''. Vol. 8. No. 11. Granthaalayah Publications and Printers, 2020. 41-48. The concept of a H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashtun
Pashtuns (, , ; ;), also known as Pakhtuns, or Pathans, are an Iranic ethnic group primarily residing in southern and eastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. They were historically also referred to as Afghans until 1964 after the term's meaning had become a demonym for all citizens of Afghanistan regardless of their ethnic group. The Pashtuns speak the Pashto language, which belongs to the Eastern Iranian branch of the Iranian language family. Additionally, Dari serves as the second language of Pashtuns in Afghanistan, while those in Pakistan speak Urdu and English. In India, the majority of those of Pashtun descent have lost the ability to speak Pashto and instead speak Hindi and other regional languages. There are an estimated 350–400 Pashtun tribes and clans with a variety of origin theories. In 2021, Shahid Javed Burki estimated the total Pashtun population to be situated between 60 and 70 million, with 15 million in Afghanistan. Others who accept the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
