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Pastry Chef
A pastry chef or pâtissier (; feminine pâtissière, ) is a station chef in a professional kitchen, skilled in the making of pastries, desserts, breads and other baked goods. They are employed in large hotels, bistros, restaurants, bakeries, by caterers, and some cafés. Duties and functions The pastry chef is a member of the classic ''brigade de cuisine'' in a professional kitchen and is the station chef of the pastry department. Day-to-day operations can also require the pastry chef to research recipe concepts and develop and test new recipes. Usually, the pastry chef does all the necessary preparation of the various desserts in advance, before dinner seating begins. The actual plating of the desserts is often done by another station chef, usually the ''garde manger'', at the time of order. The pastry chef is often in charge of the dessert menu, which, besides traditional desserts, could include dessert wines, specialty dessert beverages, and gourmet cheese platters. They ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Profession
A profession is a field of Work (human activity), work that has been successfully professionalized. It can be defined as a disciplined group of individuals, professionals, who adhere to ethical standards and who hold themselves out as, and are accepted by the public as possessing special knowledge and skills in a widely recognised body of learning derived from research, education and training at a high level, and who are prepared to apply this knowledge and exercise these skills in the interest of others. Professional occupations are founded upon specialized educational training, the purpose of which is to supply disinterested objective counsel and service to others, for a direct and definite compensation, wholly apart from expectation of other business gain. Medieval and early modern tradition recognized only three professions: Divinity (academic discipline), divinity, medicine, and law,Perks, R.W. (1993): ''Accounting and Society''. London: Chapman & Hall; . p.2. which were c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recipe
A recipe is a set of instructions that describes how to prepare or make something, especially a dish (food), dish of prepared food. A sub-recipe or subrecipe is a recipe for an ingredient that will be called for in the instructions for the main recipe. Recipe books (also called cookbooks or cookery books) are a collection of recipes, help reflect cultural identity, cultural identities and social changes as well as serve as educational tools. History Early examples The earliest known written recipes date to 1730 BC and were recorded on cuneiform tablets found in Mesopotamia. Other early written recipes date from approximately 1600 BC and come from an Akkadian language, Akkadian tablet from southern Babylonia. There are also works in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs depicting the preparation of food. Many ancient Greek recipes are known. Mithaecus's cookbook was an early one, but most of it has been lost; Athenaeus quotes one short recipe in his ''Deipnosophistae''. Athenaeus menti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baking Industry
{{set category, first=Industry (economics), industries (branches of an economy), alternative=industries, topic=Industry (economics) For other meanings of "industries", see :Industries. Industry (economics), Organization, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pastry Brush
A pastry brush, also known as a basting brush, is a cooking utensil used to spread butter, oil or glaze on food. Traditional pastry brushes are made with natural bristles or a plastic or nylon fiber similar to a paint brush A paintbrush is a brush used to apply paint or ink. A paintbrush is usually made by clamping bristles to a handle with a ferrule. They are available in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Thicker ones are used for filling in, and thinner ones ..., while modern kitchen brushes may have silicone bristles. In baking breads and pastry, pastries, a pastry brush is used to spread a glaze or egg wash on the crust or surface of the food.Julia Child (1996). ''Baking with Julia'' William Morrow and Company Inc. — (USA) In roasting meats, a pastry brush may be used to sop up juices or drippings from under pan and spread them on the surface of the meat to crisp the skin. See also * Basting (cooking) * Pastry chef * Kitchen utensil References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pastry Blender
A pastry blender, or pastry cutter, is a device used to mix a hard (solid) fat into flour in order to make pastries. The tool is usually made of narrow metal strips or wires attached to a handle, and is used by pressing down on the items to be mixed (known as "cutting in"). It is also used to break these fats (shortening, butter, lard) into smaller pieces. The blending of fat into flour at this stage impacts the amount of water that will be needed to bind the pastry into a dough. See also *Dough scraper * Dough blender *Whisk A whisk is a cooking utensil which can be used to blend ingredients smooth or to incorporate air into a mixture, in a process known as '':wikt:whisk, whisking'' or '':wikt:whipping, whipping''. Most whisks consist of a long, narrow handle with ... References Food preparation utensils {{Kitchenware-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Restaurant Terminology
This is a list of restaurant terminology. A restaurant is a business that prepares and serves food and drink to customers in return for money, either paid before the meal, after the meal, or with a running tab. Meals are generally served and eaten on premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and Delivery (commerce), food delivery services. Restaurants vary greatly in appearance and offerings, including a wide variety of the main chef's cuisines and Customer service, service models. Restaurant terminology * 86 (term), 86 – a term used when the restaurant has run out of, or is unable to prepare a particular menu item. The term is also generally used to mean getting rid of someone or something, including the situation where a bar patron is ejected from the premises and refused readmittance. * À la carte * All-you-can-eat restaurant, All you can eat * Bartender * Blue-plate special * Brigade de cuisine * BYOB – an initialism standing for "bring your own bottle", "brin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Pastry Chefs
This is a list of notable pastry chefs. A pastry chef is a station chef in a professional kitchen, skilled in the making of pastries, desserts, breads and other baked goods. They are employed in large hotels, bistros, restaurants, bakeries, and some cafés. Pastry chefs * Dominique Ansel * Sadaharu Aoki * Antonio Bachour * Auzerais Bellamy * Florian Bellanger * Ron Ben-Israel * Willem Berkhoff * Wayne Harley Brachman * Sébastien Canonne * Philippe Conticini * Cheryl Day * Elizabeth Falkner * Gale Gand * Duff Goldman * Carine Goren * Shayne Greenman * Cédric Grolet * Amaury Guichon * Tariq Hanna * Maida Heatter * Pierre Hermé * Johnny Iuzzini * Cheryl Koh * Beulah Levy Ledner * Alain LeNôtre * Gaston Lenôtre * Nicholas Lodge * Norman Love * Emily Luchetti * Jean-Philippe Maury * Roland Mesnier * Ho Chi Minh * Melissa Murphy * Candace Nelson * Ghaya Oliveira * Anna Olson * Pichet Ong * François Payard * Jacquy Pfe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chefs
:''Only those subjects who are notable enough for their own articles should be included here. That may include chefs who have articles in other languages on Wikipedia which have not as yet been translated into English.'' This article is a list of notable chefs and food experts throughout history. Antiquity * Mithaecus * Apicius, chef to Emperor Trajan 12th century * Liu Niangzi, Chinese Imperial chef 14th century * Sidoine Benoît * Guillaume Tirel, also known as Taillevent, first professional French master chef 15th century * Maestro Martino * Bartolomeo Platina 16th century * Lancelot de Casteau, author of ''L'Ouverture de cuisine'' (1604) * Guillaume Fouquet de la Varenne * Bartolomeo Scappi, author of ''Opera dell'Arte del Cucinare'' (1570) 17th century * Procopio Cutò, Sicilian chef in Paris, founder of Cafe Procopio * Stanisław Czerniecki, author of '' Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw'', the first cookbook written originally in Polish * Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petits Fours
A petit four (plural: petits fours, also known as mignardises, and in England, fancies) is a small bite-sized confectionery or savory appetiser. The name is French, ''petit four'' (), meaning "small oven". History and etymology In 18th and 19th century France, large brick or stone ovens were used to bake bread. Because the ovens took a long time to cool down after baking bread, bakers often took advantage of their stored heat for baking pastries. This process was called baking ''à petit four'' (literally "at small oven"). Types Petits fours come in three varieties: * ''Glacé'' ("glazed"), iced or decorated tiny cakes covered in fondant or icing, such as small éclairs, and tartlets * ''Salé'' ("salted"), savory bite-sized appetizers usually served at cocktail parties or buffets * ''Sec'' ("dry"), dainty biscuits, baked meringues, macarons, and puff pastries In a French pâtisserie, assorted small desserts are usually called ''mignardises'', while hard, buttery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Measuring Cup
A measuring cup is a List of food preparation utensils, kitchen utensil used primarily to measure the volume of liquid or bulk solid cooking ingredients such as flour and sugar, especially for volumes from about 50 millilitre, mL (approx. 2 fluid ounce, fl oz) upwards. Measuring cups are also used to measure washing powder, liquid detergents and bleach for clothes washing. Some measuring cups will have a scale marked in cups and fractions of a cup, and often with fluid measure and weight of a selection of dry foodstuffs. Others are made to a specific capacity and are designed to be filled to the top with dry ingredients. Measuring cups may be made of plastic, glass, or metal. Transparent (or translucent) cups can be read from an external scale; metal ones only from a dipstick or scale marked on the inside. Capacity and scale Measuring cups usually have capacities from 250 mL (1 Cup (unit)#Metric cup, metric cup) to 1,000 mL (4 metric cups; about 2·11 U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitchen Scale
A scale or balance is a device used to measure weight or mass. These are also known as mass scales, weight scales, mass balances, massometers, and weight balances. The traditional scale consists of two plates or bowls suspended at equal distances from a fulcrum. One plate holds an object of unknown mass (or weight), while objects of known mass or weight, called '' weights'', are added to the other plate until mechanical equilibrium is achieved and the plates level off, which happens when the masses on the two plates are equal. The perfect scale rests at neutral. A spring scale will make use of a spring of known stiffness to determine mass (or weight). Suspending a certain mass will extend the spring by a certain amount depending on the spring's stiffness (or spring constant). The heavier the object, the more the spring stretches, as described in Hooke's law. Other types of scales making use of different physical principles also exist. Some scales can be calibrated to read ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheese
Cheese is a type of dairy product produced in a range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. It comprises proteins and fat from milk (usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats or sheep). During production, milk is usually acidified and either the enzymes of rennet or bacterial enzymes with similar activity are added to cause the casein to coagulate. The solid curds are then separated from the liquid whey and pressed into finished cheese. Some cheeses have aromatic molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout. Over a thousand types of cheese exist, produced in various countries. Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurised, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and how long they have been aged. Herbs, spices, or wood smoke may be used as flavoring agents. Other added ingredients may include black pepper, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
