Parallopsora
''Parallopsora'' is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. Established in 2018, the genus contains three species that were previously classified under a related genus, '' Phyllopsora''. These lichens form small, scale-like growths that overlap like roof tiles and typically appear pale green to bluish-green in colour. They reproduce through both small brown fruiting bodies and sometimes through powdery structures on their surface. The species are known to grow in tropical rainforests, particularly in Brazil, Peru and Cuba. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed in 2018 by Sonja Kistenich, Einar Timdal, and Mika Bendiksby. The genus was created to reclassify species that were previously included in the genus '' Phyllopsora'', based on new phylogenetic evidence. The name ''Parallopsora'' combines the prefix "para-" (meaning "beside" or "near") and "-llopsora", alluding to the genus's close relationship to ''Phyllopsora''. The type species for the genus is '' ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Ramalinaceae
The Ramalinaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Lecanorales. First proposed by Carl Adolph Agardh in 1821, the family now comprises 63 genera and about 750 species. Ramalinaceae lichens exhibit diverse growth forms, including crustose, fruticose, squamulose, leprose, and byssoid thalli, and form symbiotic relationships primarily with green algae of the genus ''Trebouxia''. The family is characterised by pale-coloured thalli, apothecia (fruiting bodies) that are typically pale but may darken with age, and ascospores that vary in shape and septation. Members of the Ramalinaceae are found in a wide range of habitats worldwide, from coastal fog deserts to boreal, temperate, and tropical forests. Some genera, such as '' Namibialina'', '' Vermilacinia'', and '' Niebla'', are endemic to specific coastal desert regions, whilst others like '' Ramalina'' have an almost worldwide distribution. Several species within the family face conservation challenges due to t ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Medulla (lichenology)
The medulla is a horizontal layer within a lichen thallus. It is a loosely arranged layer of interlaced hyphae below the upper cortex and photobiont A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualistic relationship.

Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony (biology), colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualism (biology), mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms
. University of California Museum of Paleontology. . Lichens are the lifeform that first brought the term symbiosis (as ''Symbiotismus'') into biological context. Lichens have since been recognized as important actors in nutrient cycling and producers which many higher trophic feeders feed on, such as reindeer, gastropods, nematodes, mites, and springtails. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in man ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Lecanorales Genera
The Lecanorales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The order contains 26 families, 269 genera, and 5695 species. Families Suborder Lecanorineae * Biatorellaceae M. Choisy ex Hafellner & Casares-Porcel, 1992 * Brigantiaeaceae Hafellner & Bellem., 1982 * Bruceomycetaceae Rikkinen & A.R.Schmidt in Rikkinen et al., * Byssolomataceae Zahlbr. 1926 * Carbonicolaceae Bendiksby & Timdal (2013) * Catillariaceae Hafellner, 1984 * Cetradoniaceae J.C. Wei & Ahti 2002 * Cladoniaceae Zenker, J.C. 1827–1829 * Dactylosporaceae Bellem. & Hafellner, 1982 * Gypsoplacaceae Timdal, E. 1990 * Haematommataceae Hafellner, 1984 * Lecanoraceae Fée, A.L.A. 1824 * Malmideaceae Kalb, K., Rivas Plata, E., Lücking, R. & Lumbsch, H.T. 2011 * Pachyascaceae Poelt ex P.M.Kirk, P.F.Cannon & J.C.David, 2001 * Parmeliaceae The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species i ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Sekikaic Acid
Sekikaic acid is an organic compound in the structural class of chemicals known as depsides. It is found in some lichens. First isolated from '' Ramalina sekika'', it is a fairly common lichen product in ''Ramalina'' and ''Cladonia'', both genera of lichen-forming fungi. The species epithet of the powdery lichen '' Lepraria sekikaica'' refers to the presence of this substance—a rarity in genus ''Lepraria''. Properties In its purified form, sekikaic acid exists as colourless rectangular prisms or rhombic plates. Its molecular formula is C22H2608. It has a melting point of . An ethanolic solution of sekikaic acid reacts with iron(III) chloride to produce a violet colour. Its ultraviolet spectrum has three peaks of maximum absorption (λmax) at 219, 263, and 303  nm. Sekikaic acid has been demonstrated to have several biological activities in laboratory experiments. These include antioxidant activity, inhibition of the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase, hypoglycemic ac ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Secondary Metabolite
Secondary metabolites, also called ''specialised metabolites'', ''secondary products'', or ''natural products'', are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, archaea, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal cell growth, growth, Biological development, development, or reproduction of the organism. Instead, they generally mediate ecological biological interaction, interactions, which may produce a Natural selection, selective advantage for the organism by increasing its survivability or fecundity. Specific secondary metabolites are often restricted to a narrow set of species within a phylogenetic group. Secondary metabolites often play an important role in plant defense against herbivory and other interspecies defenses. Humans use secondary metabolites as medicines, flavourings, pigments, and recreational drugs. The term secondary metabolite was first coined by Albrecht Kossel, the 1910 Nobel Prize laureate for medicine and physio ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Conidiomata
Conidiomata (singular: Conidioma) are blister-like fruiting structures produced by a specific type of fungus called a coelomycete. They are formed as a means of dispersing asexual spores call conidia, which they accomplish by creating the blister-like formations which then rupture to release the contained spores. Structure Conidiomata mainly consist of a mass of densely packed hypha which develops below the surface of the host cuticle, and the fungus may or may not use some of the host’s own tissue to construct the structure. Development of these structures can either occur just below the cuticle or below the epidermal layer of the tissue. Formation on the differing levels is dependent upon the type of conidiomata being formed. Five types of conidioma have been found and are classified as acervuli, pycnidia, sporodochia, synnemata and corenima. Types Acervuli Acervuli is one of the two major groups of conidiomata (the other being pycnidia). Conidiomata of this type for ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  

Septum
In biology, a septum (Latin language, Latin for ''something that encloses''; septa) is a wall, dividing a Body cavity, cavity or structure into smaller ones. A cavity or structure divided in this way may be referred to as septate. Examples Human anatomy * Interatrial septum, the wall of tissue that is a sectional part of the left and right atria of the heart * Interventricular septum, the wall separating the left and right ventricles of the heart * Lingual septum, a vertical layer of fibrous tissue that separates the halves of the tongue *Nasal septum: the cartilage wall separating the nostrils of the nose * Alveolar septum: the thin wall which separates the Pulmonary alveolus, alveoli from each other in the lungs * Orbital septum, a palpebral ligament in the upper and lower eyelids * Septum pellucidum or septum lucidum, a thin structure separating two fluid pockets in the brain * Uterine septum, a malformation of the uterus * Septum of the penis, Penile septum, a fibrous w ...
[...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]