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Parafontariinae
''Parafontaria'' is a genus of "flat-backed" millipedes (order Polydesmida) consisting of 13 species native to Japan, where they are referred to as train millipedes. This is because some species exhibit periodical swarming behavior during which large numbers congregate and can impact train passage when this congregation occurs on tracks. Documentation of this event goes back to 1920. Individuals vary from around as adults, and feed on leaf litter as well as soil, making them comparable to earthworms in facilitating decomposition and soil nutrient cycling. Species *''Parafontaria crenata'' Shinohara, 1986 *''Parafontaria doenitzi'' (Karsch, 1880) *''Parafontaria erythrosoma'' (Takakuwa, 1942) *''Parafontaria falcifera'' (Verhoeff, 1936) *''Parafontaria ishiii'' Shinohara, 1986 *''Parafontaria laminata'' (Attems, 1909) This species is poisonous. Mori, N., Kuwahara, Y., Yoshida, T., Nishida, N., 1995. Major defensive cyanogen from Parafontaria laminata arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xystodesmidae
Xystodesmidae is a family of millipedes. Its members often have very small distributional areas, with many species only known from a single locality. They are found across the northern hemisphere, with peak diversity in the Appalachian Mountains, where one-third of the 300 or so species occur. They are particularly abundant in deciduous broadleaf forests in the Mediterranean Basin, Africa, Asia, Central and North America, and Russia. Information on basic taxonomy is scant for this family; for example, it is estimated that the genus ''Nannaria'' contains over 200 species, but only 25 were described as of 2006. By 2022, 78 species in ''Nannaria'' have been described. Xystodesmidae contains many colorful and distinctive species, including ''Apheloria virginiensis'' of the eastern U.S. and '' Harpaphe haydeniana'' of the western U.S. The Sierra luminous millipedes of the genus ''Motyxia'' exhibit the only known examples of bioluminescence in the Polydesmida. Species of ''Apheloria'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parafontaria Crenata
''Parafontaria'' is a genus of "flat-backed" millipedes (order Polydesmida) consisting of 13 species native to Japan, where they are referred to as train millipedes. This is because some species exhibit periodical swarming behavior during which large numbers congregate and can impact train passage when this congregation occurs on tracks. Documentation of this event goes back to 1920. Individuals vary from around as adults, and feed on leaf litter as well as soil, making them comparable to earthworm An earthworm is a terrestrial invertebrate that belongs to the phylum Annelida. They exhibit a tube-within-a-tube body plan; they are externally segmented with corresponding internal segmentation; and they usually have setae on all segments. Th ...s in facilitating decomposition and soil nutrient cycling. Species *'' Parafontaria crenata'' Shinohara, 1986 *'' Parafontaria doenitzi'' (Karsch, 1880) *'' Parafontaria erythrosoma'' (Takakuwa, 1942) *'' Parafontaria falci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
