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Par Backer
Par may refer to: Finance * Par value, stated value or face value in finance and accounting * Par yield or par rate, in finance Games * Par (score), the number of strokes a proficient golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tournament. * Par (golf scoring format), an alternative to Stableford and normal stroke play * Par contract, in contract bridge Organizations Businesses * Pan Am Railways, an American holding company * Par Pharmaceutical, now part of Endo International * PaR Systems, an American automation company Political parties * Aragonese Party (''Partido Aragonés'', PAR), Spain * Movement For! (''Kustība Par!''), Latvia * Party for the Restructured Antilles (''Partido Antiá Restrukturá'', PAR), Curaçao * Revolutionary Action Party ('Partido Acción Revolucionaria', PAR), Guatemala * People's Alliance for Reform, Singapore Other organizations * Parkinson Association of the Rockies, a not-for-profit organization * Pretoria Armoured Regiment, an armour r ...
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Par Value
In finance and accounting, par value means stated value or face value of a financial instrument. Expressions derived from this term include at par (at the par value), over par (over par value) and under par (under par value). Bonds A bond selling at par is priced at 100% of face value. Par can also refer to a bond's original issue value or its value upon redemption at maturity. Stock The par value of stock has no relation to market value and, as a concept, is somewhat archaic. The par value of a share is the value stated in the corporate charter below which shares of that class cannot be sold upon initial offering; the issuing company promises not to issue further shares below par value, so investors can be confident that no one else will receive a more favorable issue price. Thus, par value is the nominal value of a security which is determined by the issuing company to be its minimum price. This was far more important in unregulated equity markets than in the regulated marke ...
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Par, Iran
Par () is a village in Nazlu-e Shomali Rural District, Nazlu District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort .... At the 2006 census, its population was 630, in 156 families. References Populated places in Urmia County {{Urmia-geo-stub ...
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Protease-activated Receptor
Protease-activated receptors (PAR) are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain. They are highly expressed in platelets, and also on endothelial cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, myocytes, neurons, and tissues that line the gastrointestinal tract. Protease-activated receptors, or PARs, are not to be mistaken with PAR proteins, a group of regulators of cellular polarity named after their associated partitioning phenotype. Classification There are four mammalian members of the protease-activated receptor (PAR) family: PAR1 – encoded by the gene ''F2R'', PAR2 – ''F2RL1'', PAR3 – ''F2RL2'' and PAR4 – '' F2RL3'', each of these genes has its locus on chromosome 5 except that of PAR4, which is on chromosome 19. The protease specificities, expression patterns, and functions of each PAR vary across a range of tissues and cell types. They are also members of the seven-transmembrane G-protein-cou ...
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Predictive Adaptive Response
A predictive adaptive response (PAR) is a developmental trajectory taken by an organism during a period of developmental plasticity in response to perceived environmental cues. This PAR does not confer an immediate advantage to the developing organism; however, if the PAR correctly anticipates the postnatal environment it will be advantageous in later life, if the environment the organism is born into differs from that anticipated by the PAR it will result in a mismatch. PAR mechanisms were first recognized in research done on human fetuses that investigated whether poor nutrition results in the inevitable diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes in later life. PARs are thought to occur through epigenetic mechanisms that alter gene expression, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, and do not involve changes to the DNA sequence of the developing organism. Examples of PARs include greater helmet development in Daphnia cucullata in response to maternal exposure to predator pheromones, r ...
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Post-anesthesia Recovery
A post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and sometimes referred to as post-anesthesia recovery or PAR, or simply recovery, is a part of hospitals, ambulatory care centers, and other medical facilities. Patients who received general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or local anesthesia are transferred from the operating room suites to the recovery area. The patients are monitored typically by anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists, and other medical staff. Providers follow a standardized handoff to the medical PACU staff that includes, which medications were given in the operating room suites, how hemodynamics were during the procedures, and what is expected for their recovery. After initial assessment and stabilization, patients are monitored for any potential complications, until the patient is transferred back to their hospital rooms–or in the case of some outpatient surgeries, discharged to their responsible person (driver). Initial handoff The initial handoff, or otherwise referr ...
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Photosynthetically Active Radiation
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) designates the spectral range (wave band) of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis. This spectral region corresponds more or less with the range of light visible to the human eye. Photons at shorter wavelengths tend to be so energetic that they can be damaging to cells and tissues, but are mostly filtered out by the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Photons at longer wavelengths do not carry enough energy to allow photosynthesis to take place. Other living organisms, such as cyanobacteria, purple bacteria, and heliobacteria, can exploit solar light in slightly extended spectral regions, such as the near-infrared. These bacteria live in environments such as the bottom of stagnant ponds, sediment and ocean depths. Because of their pigments, they form colorful mats of green, red and purple. Chlorophyll, the most abundant plant pigment, is most efficient in ca ...
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List Of Platystomatidae Genera
These 127 genera belong to the family Platystomatidae, signal flies. There are at least 1,100 described species in Platystomatidae. Platystomatidae genera * '' Achias'' Fabricius, 1805 * '' Aetha'' McAlpine, 2001 * '' Agadasys'' Whittington, 2000 * '' Aglaioptera'' Frey, 1964 * '' Agrochira'' Enderlein, 1911 * '' Amphicnephes'' Loew, 1873 * '' Angelopteromyia'' Korneyev, 2001 * '' Angitula'' Walker, 1859 * '' Antineura'' Osten Sacken, 1881 * '' Apactoneura'' Malloch, 1930 * '' Apiola'' McAlpine, 1973 * '' Asyntona'' Osten Sacken, 1881 * '' Atopocnema'' Enderlein, 1922 * '' Atopognathus'' Bigot, 1881 * '' Bama'' McAlpine, 2001 * '' Boisduvalia'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 * '' Brea'' Walker, 1859 * '' Bromophila'' Loew, 1873 * '' Carolimyia'' Malloch, 1931 * '' Chaetorivellia'' de Meijere, 1913 * '' Cladoderris'' Bezzi, 1914 * '' Cleitamia'' Macquart, 1835 * '' Cleitamoides'' Malloch, 1939 * '' Clitodoca'' Loew, 1873 * '' Coelocephala'' Karsch, 1888 * '' Conicipithea' ...
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Par (fly)
Par may refer to: Finance * Par value, stated value or face value in finance and accounting * Par yield or par rate, in finance Games * Par (score), the number of strokes a proficient golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tournament. * Par (golf scoring format), an alternative to Stableford and normal stroke play * Par contract, in contract bridge Organizations Businesses * Pan Am Railways, an American holding company * Par Pharmaceutical, now part of Endo International * PaR Systems, an American automation company Political parties * Aragonese Party (''Partido Aragonés'', PAR), Spain * Movement For! (''Kustība Par!''), Latvia * Party for the Restructured Antilles (''Partido Antiá Restrukturá'', PAR), Curaçao * Revolutionary Action Party ('Partido Acción Revolucionaria', PAR), Guatemala * People's Alliance for Reform, Singapore Other organizations * Parkinson Association of the Rockies, a not-for-profit organization * Pretoria Armoured Regiment, an armo ...
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Par River (other)
Par River may refer to several rivers: * Par River, Cornwall, England * Par River (Gujarat), India * Par River (Arunachal Pradesh) The Par River is a river of Arunachal Pradesh in the northeast of the Republic of India. It has a basin of , of which (42%) are forested (2005 data). Its main tributaries are the Pang and Nimte rivers. It joins the Subansiri River(where?) and t ...
, India {{Geodis ...
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Parliament Railway Station
Parliament railway station is a commuter railway station in the Melbourne central business district, serving the Melbourne suburb of East Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. Parliament is an underground premium station, featuring four platforms, two island platforms on two floors connected to street level via two underground concourses. It opened on 22 January 1983. Parliament is one of the three underground stations on the City Loop. As of 2023-24 it carries 5.863 million passengers per year, making it the fourth-busiest station on the metropolitan network, approximately half of its usage prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, COVID-19 Pandemic. (access from ) Parliament is served by eleven lines organised into four groups. It is served by Metro Trains Melbourne#Burnley Group, Burnley, Metro Trains Melbourne#Caulfield Group, Caulfield, Metro Trains Melbourne#Clifton Hill Group, Clifton Hill and Metro Trains Melbourne#Northern Group, Northern group lines, part of the Railw ...
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Parkesburg Station
Parkesburg station is an Amtrak train station located at West First Avenue and South Culvert Street in Parkesburg, Pennsylvania. It is served by most Amtrak ''Keystone Service'' trains. A station building exists at the stop, but is not currently used as a ticket office. Parkesburg has two low-level side platforms; a center track is not used for passenger service. History From until 1972, Parkesburg Tower was located near the Atlantic Avenue bridge. The tower served as a communication/signalling point for westbound (to Lancaster and beyond) trains, and a routing location for eastbound trains entering the Main Line of the Pennsylvania Railroad. A small service yard was also located nearby for both track service and to assist with sideling switching. Parkesburg Station once was the westernmost stop for the SEPTA R5 commuter line from April 2, 1990 (now the Paoli/Thorndale Line). It was truncated to Downingtown November 10, 1996 because of the need for trains to deadhead to Lanc ...
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Paraguay
Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. It has a population of around 6.1 million, nearly 2.3 million of whom live in the Capital city, capital and largest city of Asunción, and its surrounding metro area. Spanish conquistadores arrived in 1524, and in 1537 established the city of Asunción, the first capital of the Governorate of the Río de la Plata. During the 17th century, Paraguay was the center of Reductions, Jesuit missions, where the native Guaraní people were converted to Christianity and introduced to European culture. After the Suppression of the Society of Jesus, expulsion of the Jesuits from Spanish territories in 1767, Paraguay increasingly became a peripheral colony. Following Independence of Paraguay, independence from Spain ...
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