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Paolo Savona
Paolo Savona (born 6 October 1936) is an Italian economist, professor,CV Paolo Savona
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Paolo Savona
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and . He was the Italian Minister of European Affairs from 1 June 2018 until 8 March 2019, his second stint in government after 1993–1994. During the 2010s, Savona became one of the most fervent Euroscep ...
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Commissione Nazionale Per Le Società E La Borsa
The Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (CONSOB; Italian Companies and Exchange Commission) is the government authority of Italy responsible for regulating the Italian securities market. This includes the regulation of the Italian stock exchange, the Borsa Italiana. History The Italian Companies and Exchange Commission (CONSOB) was founded in 1974 through legislation merging the functions and jurisdictions that until then had been part of the Italian Ministry of Treasury. This was primarily power to monitor the securities markets. Over time CONSOBs powers and responsibilities have expanded significantly. In 1983 a new law extended its jurisdiction to protecting public savings, and two years later CONSOB received juridical personality and autonomy. In 1991, it was attributed powers to audit securities brokerage companies and monitor insider trading. Responsibilities and functions CONSOB carries out several functions: * it regulates the investment services and operatio ...
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Eurosceptic
Euroscepticism, also spelled as Euroskepticism or EU-scepticism, is a political position involving criticism of the European Union (EU) and European integration. It ranges from those who oppose some EU institutions and policies and seek reform (''Eurorealism'', ''Eurocritical'', or '' soft Euroscepticism''), to those who oppose EU membership and see the EU as unreformable (''anti-European Unionism'', ''anti-EUism'', or '' hard Euroscepticism''). The opposite of Euroscepticism is known as ''pro-Europeanism''. The main drivers of Euroscepticism have been beliefs that integration undermines national sovereignty and the nation state, that the EU is elitist and lacks democratic legitimacy and transparency, that it is too bureaucratic and wasteful,(Op-Ed that it encourages high levels of immigration, or perceptions that it is a neoliberal organisation serving the big business elite at the expense of the working class, that it is responsible for austerity, and drives privatizati ...
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Banca Nazionale Del Lavoro
Banca Nazionale del Lavoro S.p.A. (BNL) is an Italian bank headquartered in Rome. Established in 1913, the bank has been a subsidiary of BNP Paribas since 2006. Integration process was concluded in 2008, BNL with its group oversees the commercial banking activity in Italy. History Istituto Nazionale di Credito per la Cooperazione (1913–1929) Founded in 1913 by royal decree, under the influence of Luigi Luzzatti, the Istituto was intended to provide cooperative workers’ organizations with credit facilities comparable to commercial banks. It pioneered special credit lines for agriculture, cinema, and fishing sectors in which Italy was undergoing gradual modernization while remaining largely rural. The bank was initially overseen by the Banca d'Italia under Bonaldo Stringher and funded by public bodies, savings banks, Monte dei Paschi di Siena, Cassa di Previdenza and the Istituto di Credito per le Cooperative of Milan.Napoleone Colajanni, ''Storia della banca italiana'', ...
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Italian Minister Of Budget
This is a list of Italian ministers of budget, from 1947 to 1997. The first minister of budget was Luigi Einaudi, the last one was Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. List of ministers of budget ; Parties: *1946–1994: *Since 1994: ; Governments: References

{{reflist Lists of government ministers of Italy, Budget ...
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Banca Di Credito Sardo
The Banca di Credito Sardo S.p.A. was an Italian bank headquartered in Cagliari, Sardinia. In 2014 it was absorbed by the parent company Intesa Sanpaolo. The head office building, located in Cagliari, was designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano. History Credito Industriale Sardo, ''ente di diritto pubblico con personalità giuridica propria'', was established in 1953 as one of the 19 Mediocredito of Italy, as well as one of the three Istituti per il Finanziamento a Medio Terminealle Medie e Piccole Industrie nell'Italia Meridionale e Insulare (Istituti Meridionale), which were funded by Cassa per il Mezzogiorno. The bank provided medium term loans to small and medium industries from the island. Due to Legge Amato, the bank became a limited company () in 1992. The bank renamed into Banca CIS in the 1990s. In 2000 Mediocredito Lombardo, a subsidiary of Banca Intesa, acquired an additional 53.23% stake of Banca CIS from the , making Mediocredito Lombardo owned 55.37% st ...
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General Confederation Of Italian Industry
The General Confederation of Italian Industry (), commonly known as Confindustria, is the Italian small, medium, and big enterprises federation, acting as a private and autonomous chamber of commerce, founded in 1910. The association network is made of 222 associations, bringing together more than 150,000 companies of all sizes on a voluntary basis, accounting for around 5,400,000 individuals. It aims to help Italy's economic growth, assisting, in doing so, its members. It is a member of the International Organisation of Employers (IOE). The President is Emanuele Orsini since 23 May 2024. Confindustria was a founding member of several organizations, including ISTUD (Istituto Studi Direzionali) and Assingegneria (an organization set up by Confindustria, which has since merged with OICE, L'ingegneria italiana organizzata - which in itself belongs to Confindustria). Members of Confindustria include ANIMA, the Federation of the Italian Associations of Mechanical and Engineering Indus ...
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Federal Reserve Board Of Governors
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, commonly known as the Federal Reserve Board, is the main governing body of the Federal Reserve System. It is charged with overseeing the Federal Reserve Banks and with helping implement the monetary policy of the United States. Governors are appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate for staggered 14-year terms.See It is headquartered in the Eccles Building on Constitution Avenue, N.W. in Washington, D.C. Statutory description By law, the appointments must yield a "fair representation of the financial, agricultural, industrial, and commercial interests and geographical divisions of the country". As stipulated in the Banking Act of 1935, the chair and vice chair of the Board are two of seven members of the Board of Governors who are appointed by the president from among the sitting governors of the Federal Reserve Banks. The terms of the seven members of the Board span multiple presidential ...
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Money Creation
Money creation, or money issuance, is the process by which the money supply of a country, or an economic or monetary region,Such as the Eurozone or ECCAS is increased. In most modern economies, money is created by both central banks and commercial banks. Money issued by central banks is a liability, typically called reserve deposits, and is only available for use by central bank account holders, which are generally large commercial banks and foreign central banks. Central banks can increase the quantity of reserve deposits directly, by making loans to account holders, purchasing assets from account holders, or by recording an asset, such as a deferred asset, and directly increasing liabilities. However, the majority of the money supply used by the public for conducting transactions is created by the commercial banking system in the form of commercial bank deposits. Bank loans issued by commercial banks expand the quantity of bank deposits. Money creation occurs when the am ...
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Franco Modigliani
Franco Modigliani (; ; 18 June 1918 – 25 September 2003) was an Italian-American economist and the recipient of the 1985 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. He was a professor at University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Carnegie Mellon University, and MIT Sloan School of Management. Early life and education Modigliani was born on 18 June 1918 in Rome to the Jewish family of a pediatrician father and a voluntary social worker mother."Franco Modigliani" by Daniel B. Klein and Ryan Daza, inThe Ideological Migration of the Economics Laureates, '' Econ Journal Watch'', 10(3), September 2013, pp. 472–293 He entered university at the age of seventeen, enrolling in the faculty of Law at the Sapienza University of Rome.Parisi, Daniela (2005) "Five Italian Articles Written by the Young Franco Modigliani (1937–1938)", ''Rivista Internazional di Scienze Sociali'', 113(4), pp. 555–557 (in language) In his second year at Sapienza, his submission to a nationwide contest in econo ...
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Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of modern technology and science. In response to the increasing Technological and industrial history of the United States, industrialization of the United States, William Barton Rogers organized a school in Boston to create "useful knowledge." Initially funded by a land-grant universities, federal land grant, the institute adopted a Polytechnic, polytechnic model that stressed laboratory instruction in applied science and engineering. MIT moved from Boston to Cambridge in 1916 and grew rapidly through collaboration with private industry, military branches, and new federal basic research agencies, the formation of which was influenced by MIT faculty like Vannevar Bush. In the late twentieth century, MIT became a leading center for research in compu ...
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Paolo Baffi
Paolo Baffi (5 August 1911 – 4 August 1989) was an Italian academic, banker, and economist. He was the Governor of Bank of Italy from 1975 to 1979. Biography He was born at Broni. He became governor of the Bank of Italy in 1975, succeeding Guido Carli. His appointment was supported by both the government parties (in particular the Republican Party and Aldo Moro of Christian Democracy Christian democracy is an ideology inspired by Christian social teaching to respond to the challenges of contemporary society and politics. Christian democracy has drawn mainly from Catholic social teaching and neo-scholasticism, as well ..., then president) and the main opposition force, the Communist Party. He resigned in 1979, after a failed accusation against him led by magistrates of the Tribunal of Rome, considered kin to the Caltagirone family (a group of builders who had contracted heavy debts with the Bank of Italy) and Christian Democracy. Baffi died in Rome in 1989. In Ma ...
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