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Packet Data Convergence Protocol
Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) is specified by 3GPP in TS 25.323 for UMTS The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a 3G mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard. UMTS uses Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, wideband code-division multiple access (W-CDMA) radio access technolog ..., TS 36.323 for LTE and TS 38.323 for 5G. PDCP is located in the Radio Protocol Stack in the UMTS/LTE/5G air interface on top of the RLC layer. PDCP provides its services to the RRC and user plane upper layers, e.g. IP at the UE or to the relay at the base station. The following services are provided by PDCP to upper layers: * transfer of user plane data; * transfer of control plane data; * header compression; * ciphering; * integrity protection. The header compression technique can be based on either IP header compression (RFC 2507) or Robust Header Compression (RFC 3095). If PDCP is configured for ''No Compression'' it will send the IP Packets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3GPP
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is an umbrella term for a number of standards organizations which develop protocols for mobile telecommunications. Its best known work is the development and maintenance of: * GSM and related 2G and 2.5G standards, including GPRS and EDGE * UMTS and related 3G standards, including HSPA and HSPA+ * LTE and related 4G standards, including LTE Advanced and LTE Advanced Pro * 5G NR and related 5G standards, including 5G-Advanced * An evolved IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) developed in an access independent manner 3GPP is a consortium with seven national or regional telecommunication standards organizations as primary members ("organizational partners") and a variety of other organizations as associate members ("market representation partners"). The 3GPP organizes its work into three different streams: Radio Access Networks, Services and Systems Aspects, and Core Network and Terminals. The project was established in Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UMTS
The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a 3G mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard. UMTS uses Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, wideband code-division multiple access (W-CDMA) radio access technology to offer greater spectral efficiency and bandwidth to mobile network operators compared to previous 2G systems like GPRS and Circuit Switched Data, CSD. UMTS on its provides a peak theoretical data rate of 2 Data-rate units, Mbit/s. Developed and maintained by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), UMTS is a component of the International Telecommunication Union IMT-2000 standard set and compares with the CDMA2000 standard set for networks based on the competing IS-95, cdmaOne technology. The technology described in UMTS is sometimes also referred to as Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) or 3GSM. UMTS specifies a complete network system, which includes the radio access network (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network, or U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LTE (telecommunication)
In telecommunications, long-term evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless broadband communication for cellular mobile devices and data terminals. It is considered to be a "transitional" 4G technology, and is therefore also referred to as 3.95G as a step above 3G. LTE is based on the 2G GSM/ EDGE and 3G UMTS/ HSPA standards. It improves on those standards' capacity and speed by using a different radio interface and core network improvements. LTE is the upgrade path for carriers with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. LTE has been succeeded by LTE Advanced, which is officially defined as a "true" 4G technology and also named "LTE+". Terminology The standard is developed by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and is specified in its Release 8 document series, with minor enhancements described in Release 9. LTE is also called 3.95G and has been marketed as 4G LTE and Advanced 4G; but the original version did not meet the technical criteria of a 4G wire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Interface
The air interface, or access mode, is the communication link between the two stations in mobile or wireless communication. The air interface involves both the physical and data link layers (layer 1 and 2) of the OSI model for a connection. Physical Layer The physical connection of an air interface is generally radio-based. This is usually a point to point link between an active base station and a mobile station. Technologies like Opportunity-Driven Multiple Access (ODMA) may have flexibility regarding which devices serve in which roles. Some types of wireless connections possess the ability to broadcast or multicast. Multiple links can be created in limited spectrum through FDMA, TDMA, or SDMA. Some advanced forms of transmission multiplexing combine frequency- and time-division approaches like OFDM or CDMA. In cellular telephone communications, the air interface is the radio-frequency portion of the circuit between the cellular phone set or wireless modem (usually portable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Link Control
Radio Link Control (RLC) is a layer 2 Radio Link Protocol used in UMTS, LTE and 5G on the Air interface. This protocol is specified by 3GPP The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is an umbrella term for a number of standards organizations which develop protocols for mobile telecommunications. Its best known work is the development and maintenance of: * GSM and related 2G and ... in TS 25.322 for UMTS, TS 36.322 for LTE and TS 38.322 for 5G New Radio (NR). RLC is located on top of the 3GPP MAC-layer and below the PDCP-layer. The main tasks of the RLC protocol are: * Transfer of upper layer Protocol Data Units (PDUs) in one of three modes: Acknowledged Mode (AM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM) and Transparent Mode (TM) * Error correction through ARQ (only for AM data transfer) * Concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs (UM and AM) * Re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs (AM) * Reordering of RLC data PDUs (UM and AM); * Duplicate detection (UM and AM); * RLC SDU dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Resource Control
The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol is used in UMTS, LTE and 5G on the Air interface. It is a layer 3 (Network Layer) protocol used between UE and Base Station. This protocol is specified by 3GPP in TS 25.331 for UMTS, in TS 36.331 for LTE and in TS 38.331 for 5G New Radio. RRC messages are transported via the PDCP-Protocol. The major functions of the RRC protocol include connection establishment and release functions, broadcast of system information, radio bearer establishment, reconfiguration and release, RRC connection mobility procedures, paging notification and release and outer loop power control. By means of the signalling functions the RRC configures the user and control planes according to the network status and allows for Radio Resource Management strategies to be implemented. The operation of the RRC is guided by a state machine which defines certain specific states that a UE may be present in. The different states in this state machine have different amounts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Protocol
The Internet Protocol (IP) is the network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially establishes the Internet. IP has the task of delivering Packet (information technology), packets from the source Host (network), host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet Header (computing), headers. For this purpose, IP defines packet structures that encapsulation (networking), encapsulate the data to be delivered. It also defines addressing methods that are used to label the datagram with source and destination information. IP was the connectionless datagram service in the original ''Transmission Control Program'' introduced by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in 1974, which was complemented by a connection-oriented service that became the basis for the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The Internet protocol suite is therefore often referre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
User Equipment
In the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), user equipment (UE) is any device used directly by an end-user to communicate. It can be a hand-held telephone, a laptop computer equipped with a mobile broadband adapter, or any other device. It connects to the base station Node B/eNodeB as specified in the ETSI 125/136-series and 3GPP 25/36-series of specifications. It roughly corresponds to the mobile station (MS) in GSM systems. The radio interface between the UE and the Node B is called ''Uu''. In the context of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), Uu stands for the interface between UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and the UE (User Equipment). Functionality UE handles the following tasks towards the core network: * Mobility management Mobility management is one of the major functions of a GSM or a UMTS network that allows mobile phones to work. The aim of mobility management is to track where the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robust Header Compression
Robust Header Compression (ROHC) is a standardized method to compress the IP, UDP, UDP-Lite, RTP, and TCP headers of Internet packets. The need for header compression In streaming applications, the overhead of IP, UDP, and RTP is 40 bytes for IPv4, or 60 bytes for IPv6. For VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), also known as IP telephony, is a set of technologies used primarily for voice communication sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet. VoIP enables voice calls to be transmitted as ..., this corresponds to around 60% of the total amount of data sent. Such large overheads may be tolerable in local wired links where capacity is often not an issue, but are excessive for wide area networks and wireless systems where bandwidth is scarce. ROHC compresses these 40 bytes or 60 bytes of overhead typically into only one or three bytes, by placing a compressor before the link that has limited capacity, and a decompressor after that link. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protocol Data Unit
In telecommunications, a protocol data unit (PDU) is a single unit of information transmitted among peer entities of a computer network. It is composed of protocol-specific control information and user data. In the layered architectures of communication protocol stacks, each layer implements protocols tailored to the specific type or mode of data exchange. For example, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) implements a connection-oriented transfer mode, and the PDU of this protocol is called a ''segment'', while the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) uses datagrams as protocol data units for connectionless communication. A layer lower in the Internet protocol suite, at the Internet layer, the PDU is called a packet, irrespective of its payload type. Packet-switched data networks In the context of packet switching data networks, a protocol data unit (PDU) is best understood in relation to a service data unit (SDU). The features or services of the network are implemented in d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile Telecommunications Standards
Mobile may refer to: Places * Mobile, Alabama, a U.S. port city * Mobile County, Alabama * Mobile, Arizona, a small town near Phoenix, U.S. * Mobile, Newfoundland and Labrador Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Mobile (band), a Canadian rock band * Mobiles (band), a 1980s British band Other uses in music * ''Mobile'' (album), a 1999 album by Brazilian Paulinho Moska * "Mobile" (song), a 2003 song by Avril Lavigne from ''Let Go'' * "Mobile", a song by Gentle Giant from the album '' Free Hand'' Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media * Mobile (sculpture), a kinetic sculpture constructed to take advantage of the principle of equilibrium * ''Mobile'' (TV series), a British ITV drama * "Mobile", a short story by J. G. Ballard, later renamed " Venus Smiles" * Mobile, a feature of the game ''GunBound'' * '' Mobile Magazine'', a publication on portable electronics Military and law enforcement * '' Garde Mobile'', historic French military unit * M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3GPP Standards
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is an umbrella term for a number of standards organizations which develop protocols for mobile telecommunications. Its best known work is the development and maintenance of: * GSM and related 2G and 2.5G standards, including GPRS and EDGE * UMTS and related 3G standards, including HSPA and HSPA+ * LTE and related 4G standards, including LTE Advanced and LTE Advanced Pro * 5G NR and related 5G standards, including 5G-Advanced * An evolved IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) developed in an access independent manner 3GPP is a consortium with seven national or regional telecommunication standards organizations as primary members ("organizational partners") and a variety of other organizations as associate members ("market representation partners"). The 3GPP organizes its work into three different streams: Radio Access Networks, Services and Systems Aspects, and Core Network and Terminals. The project was established in Decembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
