PZInż 130
PZInż 130 was a prototype of Polish amphibious tank of the 1930s. Only a single prototype was built. Development In the early 1930s Poland was briefly interested in the British tank and tankette designs. The Polish Army wanted to buy a number of Vickers-Carden-Loyd Light Amphibious Tanks, but the negotiations failed. However, Edward Habich of the Państwowe Zakłady Inżynieryjne was asked to prepare a similar amphibious tank design to test its feasibility. The resulting PZInż 130 project was inspired by British design, but was entirely an independent idea. The basic structure, chassis and undercarriage were identical to those used by Habich in his PZInż 140, which eventually became the 4TP light tank. The prototype was delivered to the Polish Army on 2 October 1937. Extensively tested, during trials it covered over without a serious defect. However, by May 1939 it became apparent that the very idea of a light amphibious tank was obsolete and the Army decided not to o ...
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Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ...
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Amphibious Tank
An amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian) is a vehicle that works both on land and on or under water. Amphibious vehicles include amphibious bicycles, ATVs, cars, buses, trucks, railway vehicles, combat vehicles, and hovercraft. Classic landing craft are not amphibious vehicles as they do not work on land, although they are part of amphibious warfare. Ground effect vehicles, such as ''ekranoplans'', will likely crash on any but the flattest of landmasses so are also not considered to be amphibious vehicles. General technical notes Two main categories of amphibious vehicles are those that travel on an air cushion (Hovercraft) and those that do not. Among the latter, many extend the off-road capabilities of land vehicles to all kinds of terrain, including ice, snow, mud, marsh, swamp etc. This explains why many designs use tracks in addition to or instead of wheels, and in some cases have articulated body configurations or other unconventional designs such as screw-propel ...
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Edward Habich
Edward Jan Habich () (31 January 1835, Warsaw – 31 October 1909, Lima, Peru) was a Polish engineer and mathematician. In 1876, he founded the National University of Engineering (), a renowned engineering school in Lima, Peru. He was a member of the Peruvian Geographic Society and an Honorary Citizen of Peru. In his native Poland he took part in the January Uprising The January Uprising was an insurrection principally in Russia's Kingdom of Poland that was aimed at putting an end to Russian occupation of part of Poland and regaining independence. It began on 22 January 1863 and continued until the last i ... against the Russian Empire in 1863. Burial Edward Jan Habich is buried at the Cementerio Presbítero Matías Maestro, Lima, Peru. Gallery Eduardo de Habich bust in Lima, Peru.jpg, Bust of Edward Jan Habich at the National University of Engineering in Lima, Peru Lima_peru_presbitero_habich_2.jpg, Sarcophagus of Eduardo Juan de Habich, Lima, Perú. References ...
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PZInż 140
4TP, otherwise known as PZInż'' ''140, was a Polish light tank prototype. It was designed by 16 December 1936 by Edward Habich of the Państwowe Zakłady Inżynieryjne works. A light reconnaissance tank, it was to become a heavier replacement for TK-3 and TKS tankette A tankette is a tracked armoured fighting vehicle that resembles a small tank, roughly the size of a car. It is mainly intended for light infantry support and scouting.

Ursus Factory
Ursus SA (often stylized URSUS SA) was a Polish agricultural machinery manufacturer, headquartered in Lublin, Poland. The company was founded in Warsaw in 1893, and holds a prominent place in Polish tractor production history. It has also carried out some production of trolleybuses in a joint venture with the Ukrainian manufacturer Bogdan, and manufactures buses, coaches, and trolleybuses in a joint venture with Polish manufacturer AMZ Kutno under the name Ursus Bus. The name means 'bear' in Latin. History Early history The Ursus Factory was founded in 1893 on 15 Sienna Street, Warsaw, by three engineers and four businessmen. It was first named: ''Towarzystwo Udziałowe Specyalnej Fabryki Armatur'' (Company of a Special Factory of Fixture), later with an addition: ''i Motorów'' (and Motors). It began producing valves and pumps, intended first of all to Tsarist Russian market, as Poland had been partitioned by that time and most of its territory was annexed by Russ ...
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Invasion Of Poland
The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union, and one day after the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union had approved the pact. The Soviet invasion of Poland, Soviets invaded Poland on 17 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland under the terms of the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty. The aim of the invasion was to disestablish Poland as a sovereign country, with its citizens destined for The Holocaust, extermination. German and Field Army Bernolák, Slovak forces ...
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T-37A Tank
The T-37A was a Soviet amphibious light tank. The tank is often referred to as the T-37, although that designation was used by a different tank which never left the prototype stage. The T-37A was the first series of mass-produced fully amphibious tanks in the world. The tank was first created in 1932, based on the British Vickers tankette and other operational amphibious tanks. The tank was mass-produced starting in 1933 up until 1936, when it was replaced with the more modern T-38, based on the T-37A. Overall, after four years of production, 2552 T-37As were produced, including the original prototypes. In the Red Army, they were used to perform tasks in communication, reconnaissance, and as defense units on the march, as well as active infantry support on the battlefield. The T-37A was used in large numbers during the Soviet invasion of Poland and in the Winter War against Finland. T-37As were also used by the Soviets in the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, but most of ...
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Amphibious Tanks
Amphibious means able to use either land or water. In particular it may refer to: Animals * Amphibian, a vertebrate animal of the class Amphibia (many of which live on land and breed in water) * Amphibious caterpillar * Amphibious fish, a fish that is able to leave water for extended periods of time * Amphibious insect, an insect which lives in the air or on land and breeds in water * Amphibious rat (other) * ''Scolopendra cataracta'', a species of amphibious centipede Arts and media * ''Amphibious'' (2010 film), a thriller film * ''Amphibious'' (2020 film), a drama film * Amphibius (comics), a minor comic book character Technology * Amphibious aircraft, an aircraft capable of landing on either water or land * Amphibious vehicle, a vehicle capable of being driven on both land and water * Amphibious warfare, warfare carried out on both land and water See also * Amphibian (other) An amphibian is a member of the class Amphibia of ectothermic, tetrapod vert ...
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Light Tanks Of Poland
Light, visible light, or visible radiation is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye. Visible light spans the visible spectrum and is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nanometres (nm), corresponding to frequencies of 750–420 terahertz. The visible band sits adjacent to the infrared (with longer wavelengths and lower frequencies) and the ultraviolet (with shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies), called collectively '' optical radiation''. In physics, the term "light" may refer more broadly to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength, whether visible or not. In this sense, gamma rays, X-rays, microwaves and radio waves are also light. The primary properties of light are intensity, propagation direction, frequency or wavelength spectrum, and polarization. Its speed in vacuum, , is one of the fundamental constants of nature. All electromagnetic radiation exhibits some properties of both particles and waves. Sin ...
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