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PA NLI
Pa, pa, PA, P.A. or pA may refer to: Arts, media and entertainment * Parental Advisory, abbreviated PAL or PA, a warning label placed on audio recordings *P.A. (group), a southern hip hop band in Atlanta, Georgia, United States *''Penny Arcade'', a webcomic *'' Planetary Annihilation'', a 2014 video game * "Pa" (song), by Tini *Live PA Businesses and organisations Government, military, and politics * Palestinian National Authority, also called Palestinian Authority, interim governing body of the Gaza Strip and part of the West Bank * Pakistan Army * Patriotic Alliance, a South African political party * Patriotic Alternative, a British nationalist group * People's Association (Singapore), a Singaporean grassroots statutory board * Philippine Army * Patrulla Águila * Planning Authority (Malta), a government agency of Malta * Progressive Alliance, a political international of social-democratic, socialist and progressive political parties and organisations Airlines * Pan Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professional Association
A professional association (also called a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to advocacy, further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms. Roles The roles of professional associations have been variously defined: "A group of people in a learned occupation who are entrusted with maintaining control or oversight of the legitimate practice of the occupation;" also a body acting "to safeguard the public interest;" organizations which "represent the interest of the professional practitioners," and so "act to maintain their own privileged and powerful position as a controlling body." Professional associations are ill defined although often have commonality in purpose and activities. In the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Father
A father is the male parent of a child. Besides the paternal bonds of a father to his children, the father may have a parental, legal, and social relationship with the child that carries with it certain rights and obligations. A biological father is the male genetic contributor to the creation of the infant, through sexual intercourse or sperm donation. A biological father may have legal obligations to a child not raised by him, such as an obligation of monetary support. An adoptive father is a man who has become the child's parent through the legal process of adoption. A putative father is a man whose biological relationship to a child is alleged but has not been established. A stepfather is a non-biological male parent married to a child's preexisting parent and may form a family unit but generally does not have the legal rights and responsibilities of a parent in relation to the child. The adjective "paternal" refers to a father and comparatively to "maternal" for a mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Austronesian
Proto-Austronesian (commonly abbreviated as PAN or PAn) is a proto-language. It is the reconstructed ancestor of the Austronesian languages, one of the world's major language families. Proto-Austronesian is assumed to have begun to diversify in Taiwan. Lower-level reconstructions have also been made, and include Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, Proto-Oceanic, and Proto-Polynesian. Recently, linguists such as Malcolm Ross and Andrew Pawley have built large lexicons for Proto-Oceanic and Proto-Polynesian. Phonology Proto-Austronesian is reconstructed by constructing sets of correspondences among consonants in the various Austronesian languages, according to the comparative method. Although in theory the result should be unambiguous, in practice given the large number of languages there are numerous disagreements, with various scholars differing significantly on the number and nature of the phonemes in Proto-Austronesian. In the past, some disagreements concerned whether certain corres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Athabaskan
Proto-Athabaskan is the reconstructed ancestor of the Athabaskan languages. Phonology The reconstruction of Proto-Athabaskan phonology is still under active debate. This section attempts to summarize the less controversial parts of the Proto-Athabaskan sound system. Symbols As with many linguists working on Native American languages, Athabaskanists tend to use an Americanist phonetic notation system rather than IPA. Although some Athabaskanists prefer IPA symbols today, the weight of tradition is particularly heavy in historical and comparative linguistics, hence the Americanist symbols are still in common use for descriptions of Proto-Athabaskan and in comparisons between members of the family. In the tables in this section, the proto-phonemes are given in their conventional Athabaskanist forms with IPA equivalents following in square brackets. Since transcription practices in Americanist phonetic notation are not formally standardized, there are different symbols in use for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Altaic
The Altaic () languages are a group of languages comprising the Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic language families, with some linguists including the Koreanic and Japonic families. These languages share agglutinative morphology, head-final word order and some vocabulary. The once-popular theory attributing these similarities to a common ancestry has long been rejected by most comparative linguists in favor of language contact, although it continues to be supported by a small but stable scholarly minority. Like the Uralic language family, which is named after the Ural Mountains, the group is named after the Altai mountain range in the center of Asia. The core grouping of Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic is sometimes called "Micro-Altaic", with the expanded group including Koreanic and Japonic labelled as "Macro-Altaic" or "Transeurasian". The Altaic family was first proposed in the 18th century. It was widely accepted until the 1960s and is still listed in many encyclopedias a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Algonquian
Proto-Algonquian (commonly abbreviated PA) is the proto-language from which the various Algonquian languages are descended. It is generally estimated to have been spoken around 2,500 to 3,000 years ago, but there is less agreement on where it was spoken. The Algonquian family, which is a branch of the larger Algic language family, is usually divided into three subgroups: Eastern Algonquian, which is a genetic subgroup, and Central Algonquian and Plains Algonquian, both of which are areal groupings. In the historical linguistics of North America, Proto-Algonquian is one of the best studied, most thoroughly reconstructed proto-languages. It is descended from Proto-Algic. History of research Most Algonquian languages are similar enough that their relatedness has been recognized for centuries and was commented on by the early English and French colonists and explorers. For example, in 1787 (over a decade before Sir William Jones' famous speech on Indo-European), the theologian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Algic
Proto-Algic (sometimes abbreviated PAc) is the proto-language from which the Algic languages (Wiyot language, Yurok language, and Proto-Algonquian) are descended. It is estimated to have been spoken about 7,000 years ago somewhere in the American Northwest, possibly around the Columbia Plateau.Paul Proulx, ''Proto-Algic I: Phonological Sketch'', in the ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', volume 50, number 2 (April 1984) It is an example of a second-level proto-language (a proto-language whose reconstruction depends on data from another proto-language, namely its descendant language Proto-Algonquian) which is widely agreed to have existed. Its main researcher was Paul Proulx. Vowels Proto-Algic had four basic vowels, which could be either long or short: :long: *i·, *e·, *a·, *o· :short: *i, *e, *a, *o Consonants Proto-Algic had the following consonants: :1 The identity of this consonant is not entirely certain; in Proto-Algonquian, it is sometimes al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Afroasiatic Language
Proto-Afroasiatic (PAA), also known as Proto-Hamito-Semitic, Proto-Semito-Hamitic, and Proto-Afrasian, is the reconstructed proto-language from which all modern Afroasiatic languages are descended. Though estimations vary widely, it is believed by scholars to have been spoken as a single language around 12,000 to 18,000 years ago (12 to 18 kya), that is, between 16,000 and 10,000 BC. Although no consensus exists as to the location of the Afroasiatic homeland, the putative homeland of Proto-Afroasiatic speakers, the majority of scholars agree that it was located within a region of West Asia or Northeast Africa. The reconstruction of Proto-Afroasiatic is problematic and has not progressed to the degree found in Indo-European linguistics. The immense amount of time over which the branches have been separated, coupled with the wide gap between the attestations of the original branches (3rd millennium BC for Egyptian language in Northeast Africa and Semitic languages in Weste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Language
Punjabi, sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language native to the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. It is one of the most widely spoken native languages in the world, with approximately 150 million native speakers. Punjabi is the most widely-spoken first language in Pakistan, with 88.9 million native speakers according to the 2023 Pakistani census, and the 11th most widely-spoken in India, with 31.1 million native speakers, according to the 2011 Census of India, 2011 census. It is spoken among a Punjabi diaspora, significant overseas diaspora, particularly in Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, and the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Gulf states. In Pakistan, Punjabi is written using the Shahmukhi alphabet, based on the Persian alphabet, Perso-Arabic script; in India, it is written using the Gurmukhi, Gurmukhi alphabet, based on the Brahmic scripts, Indic scripts. Punjabi is unusual among the Indo-Aryan languages and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pa (Javanese)
is one of syllable in Javanese script that represent the sound /pɔ/, /pa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "pa", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "po". It has another form (''pasangan''), which is , but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A9A5.Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. Pasangan Its pasangan form , is one of six pasangan that's located on the right hand side of the previous syllable. Therefore, it is allowed to write two pasangan at the time without having to resort to use '' pangkon'' ( ꧀). The location of the ''sandhangan'' ꦶ, ꦼ, or ꦁ is on top the pasangan, not on the previous syllable. (See glyph table below) Extended f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pa (cuneiform)
The cuneiform pa sign, (as Sumerogram, PA), has many uses in both the 14th century BC Amarna letters and the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''. It is routinely and commonly used to spell the Akkadian language word "pānu", ''face, presence'', and with a preposition (ex. a na pā nu), ''before''. In the photo of the obverse of EA 364, it is used to spell Akkadian "eperu", 'dust', (EA 364, lines 7,8: "...and ( ù dust (IŠ (Sumerogram)=dust)) and ( u)\ dust "-( a-pa- ru). (The two ''"and"''-s are u-(no. 3), then u-(no. 1)-( u (cuneiform))(the bottom half).) The alphabetic/syllabic uses and Sumerograms of the 'pa' sign from the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'': :hat :pa :PA (Sumerogram)s :SÀG Its usage numbers from the ''Epic of Gilgamesh'' are as follows: ''hat''-(21), ''pa''-(209), ''PA''-(11), ''SÀG''-(1). In the Amarna letters the start of "messenger Xxxxx" is often spelled in cuneiform characters: "LÚ.PA.X.y.z" (etc.), (LÚ the beginning determinative for ''Man''). References * Moran, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
