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Otto Kalvitsa
Otto Kalvitsa (russian: Отто Артурович Кальвиц, 21 November 1888 – 7 March 1930) was a Finnish-born Soviet aviator and a polar explorer. He is known as one of the pioneers of the Soviet Arctic aviation. Life Early years Otto Kalvitsa was born as a carpenter's son in the village of Kontiolahti, Northern Karelia. After finishing the elementary school, Kalvitsa entered the industrial school in Helsinki on his father's expense. Kalvitsa also took some drawing lessons in the Academy of Fine Arts. In 1903, Kalvitsa left the industrial school and started working for Hietalahti Shipyard and Engineering Works to finance his studies. In 1907–1912, Kalvitsa sailed on the ships of the Finland Steamship Company and finally finished his studies in 1913, graduating as a steam engine operator. The next four years, Kalvitsa worked in the steam liners of the lake Päijänne. He was active in the labour movement since the 1905 general strike, and also participated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kontiolahti
Kontiolahti ( sv, Kontiolax; literally meaning "bear bay") is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the North Karelia region, about north of Joensuu. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . Neighbouring municipalities are Joensuu, Juuka, Lieksa, Liperi and Polvijärvi. The municipality is unilingually Finnish. Coat of arms of the municipality of Kontiolahti is a canting arms; the log driving pike pole, which the bear carries in the picture, refers to the importance of forestry in the region’s economy. The coat of arms was designed by Aarno Liuksiala and approved by the Kontiolahti Municipal Council at its meeting on December 8, 1952. The coat of arms was approved for use by the Ministry of the Interior on February 27, 1953. Kontiolahti hosted the Biathlon World Championships in 1990, 1999 and 2015." History Kontiolahti originally belonged to the parish of Liperi. It became an independent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finland Steamship Company
Finland Steamship Company ( sv, Finska Ångfartygs Aktiebolag, abbreviated ''FÅA'', fi, Suomen Höyrylaiva Osakeyhtiö, abbreviated ''SHO'') was a Finnish shipping company founded in 1883 by Captain Lars Krogius. In Finnish and Swedish, the company was usually referred to simply as FÅA. In 1976, the company changed its name to Effoa, a phonetic spelling of the abbreviation FÅA. The company was a founding member of the Silja Line consortium. In 1975 FÅA founded Finncarriers together with Finnlines as a joint freight operations venture. At the same time FÅA gave up passenger traffic between Finland and Germany, the ships used on the route were sold to Finnlines. In the 1980s both Finncarriers and Finnlines became fully owned subsidiaries of Effoa. In 1989 Effoa decided to give up its freight-carrying operations, and its shares of Finnlines were transferred to Effoa's owners. Effoa stopped trading as an independent company in 1990 when its freight operations were demerged t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Guards (Finland)
The White Guard or Civil Guard (, ; ; ) was a voluntary militia, part of the Finnish Whites movement, that emerged victorious over the socialist Red Guards in the Finnish Civil War of 1918. They were generally known as the "White Guard" in the West due to their opposition to the "communist" Red Guards. In the White Army of Finland many participants were recruits, draftees and German-trained Jägers – rather than part of the paramilitary. The central organization was named the White Guard Organization, and the organization consisted of local chapters in municipalities. The Russian revolution of 1905 led to social and political unrest and a breakdown of security in Finland, which was then a Grand Duchy under the rule of the Russian Tsar. Citizen militias formed as a response, but soon these would be transformed along political (left-right) lines. The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent independence of Finland (declared in December 1917) also caused conflicts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evert Eloranta
Frans Evert Eloranta (10 October 1879 – 1936) was a Finnish politician and a Member of the Parliament for the Social Democratic Party in 1908–1918. During the Finnish Civil War, Eloranta served as the Minister of Agriculture of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic. In March 1918, he was elected the commander-in-chief of the Red Guards as a member of the triumvirate with Eino Rahja and Adolf Taimi. After the war, Eloranta fled to the Soviet Russia, where he allegedly died in 1936. Life Early years Frans Evert Eloranta was born in Harjavalta, Satakunta province, as a son of a poor tenant farmer Johan Erland Erlandsson (b. 1852) and Eva Christina Fransdotter (b. 1854). The family lived in several places, finally settling in 1894 in Mynämäki, Finland Proper province. Eloranta worked from the early age and went to a school for only a year. He had jobs as a farm worker, construction worker, stonemason and a lumberjack. Eloranta also had a croft of his own in Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eino Rahja
Eino Abramovich Rahja (20 June 1885 – 26 April 1936) was a Finnish-Russian revolutionary who joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1903, becoming aligned with the party's Bolshevik faction. Rahja organized Lenin's temporary escape to Finland in the summer of 1917. During the Finnish Civil War, Rahja was one of the most capable military leaders of the Reds. After the Reds lost the war, he fled to the Russian SFSR where he lived for the rest of his life and became, for example, a commander of the army corps ( komkor) in the Red Army.Jukka Paastela: Finnish Communism under Soviet Totalitarianism (Kikimora 2003). Eino Rahja was expelled from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Finland in 1927. In the early 1920s he was politically close to Grigory Zinoviev. Eino was a brother of Jukka Rahja and Jaakko Rahja. His brother, Jaakko, was wounded during the Kuusinen Club Incident on 31 August 1920. Rahja was expelled from the army in 1935 for his alcoholism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kostroma Governorate
Kostroma Governorate (russian: link=no, Костромская губерния, ''Kostromskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 to 1929. Its administrative center was in the city of Kostroma. Administrative division Kostroma Governorate consisted of 12 uyezds (their administrative centres in brackets): * Buysky Uyezd (Buy) * Varnavinsky Uyezd ( Varnavino) * Vetluzhsky Uyezd ( Vetluga) * Galichsky Uyezd ( Galich) * Kineshemsky Uyezd ( Kineshma) * Kologrivsky Uyezd ( Kologriv) * Kostromskoy Uyezd (Kostroma) * Makaryevsky Uyezd ( Makaryev) * Nerekhtsky Uyezd ( Nerekhta) * Soligalichsky Uyezd ( Soligalich) * Chukhlomskoy Uyezd ( Chukhloma) * Yuryevetsky Uyezd (Yuryevets Yuryevets (russian: Юрьевец) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia. Modern localities Urban localities * Yuryevets, Ivanovo Oblast, a town in Yuryevetsky District of Ivanovo Oblast Rural loc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buy Refugee Camp
Buy may refer to a trade, i.e., an exchange of goods and services via bartering or a monetary purchase. The term may also refer to: Places *Buy (inhabited locality), any of several inhabited localities in Russia * Burlington-Alamance Regional Airport, FAA airport code "BUY" *Buy (river), a river in Perm Krai and the republics of Bashkortostan and Udmurtia in Russia *Bunbury Airport, IATA airport code "BUY" Other uses * ''Buy'' (album), 1979 album by James Chance and the Contortions *Buy, slang for believe, find credible, be convinced * Buy.com, a shopping website founded in 1997; renamed Rakuten.com in 2010 See also * Acquisition (other) * Bui (other) * Bouy (other) * Buoy (other) * Procurement * Purchase (other) * Purchasing * Trade (other) Trade is the voluntary exchange of goods, services, or both. Trade or trading may also refer to: Geography * Trade, Tennessee, an unincorporated community, United States * Trade Ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia. It is situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, with a population of roughly 5.4 million residents. Saint Petersburg is the List of European cities by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in Europe after Istanbul, Moscow and London, the List of cities and towns around the Baltic Sea, most populous city on the Baltic Sea, and the world's List of northernmost items#Cities and settlements, northernmost city of more than 1 million residents. As Russia's Imperial capital, and a Ports of the Baltic Sea, historically strategic port, it is governed as a Federal cities of Russia, federal city. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kotka
Kotka (; ; la, Aquilopolis) is a city in the southern part of the Kymenlaakso province on the Gulf of Finland. Kotka is a major port and industrial city and also a diverse school and cultural city, which was formerly part of the old Kymi parish. The neighboring municipalities of Kotka are Hamina, Kouvola and Pyhtää. Kotka belongs to the Kotka-Hamina subdivision, and with Kouvola, Kotka is one of the capital center of the Kymenlaakso region. It is the 19th largest city in terms of population as a single city, but the 12th largest city of Finland in terms of population as an urban area. Kotka is located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland at the mouth of Kymi River and it is part of the Kymenlaakso region in southern Finland. The city center is located on an island surrounded by the sea called Kotkansaari ("Island of Kotka"). The most important highway in Kotka is Finnish national road 7 ( E18), which goes west through Porvoo to Helsinki, the capital of Finland, and exte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinola
Heinola () is a town and a municipality of inhabitants () located in the eastern part of the Päijänne Tavastia region, Finland, near the borders of the South Savonia region and the Kymenlaakso region. It is the third largest municipality in the region in terms of population after Lahti and Hollola. The neighbour municipalities of Heinola are Asikkala, Hartola, Iitti, Kouvola, Mäntyharju, Nastola, Pertunmaa and Sysmä. In the coat of arms of Heinola, the Tavastia's provincial animal, the Eurasian lynx, crosses a fess resembling an arch bridge; it refers to the Jyränkö Bridge (''Jyrängönsilta'') from 1932, which crosses ''Jyrängönvirta'', the smaller part of the Kymi River. The coat of arms was designed by Gustaf von Numers and approved by the Heinola Town Council at its meeting on 23 September 1958. The coat of arms was approved for use by the Ministry of the Interior on 11 November of the same year. History Heinola used to be a remote village of then larger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lahti
Lahti (; sv, Lahtis) is a city and municipality in Finland. It is the capital of the region of Päijänne Tavastia (Päijät-Häme) and its growing region is one of the main economic hubs of Finland. Lahti is situated on a bay at the southern end of lake Vesijärvi about north-east of the capital city Helsinki, south-west of the Heinola town and east of Hämeenlinna, the capital of the region of Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme). It is also situated at the intersection of Highway 4 (between Helsinki and Jyväskylä) and Highway 12 (between Tampere and Kouvola), which are the most significant main roads of Lahti. In English, the Finnish word Lahti literally means ''bay''. Lahti is also dubbed the "Chicago of Finland" due to the early industries of both cities, when they were known as " slaughterhouse cities".Lahti on Suom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
