|
Otsungna
Otsungna was a Tongva village located in what is now the El Sereno, Los Angeles, El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California and California State University, Los Angeles. It was referenced as the "Otsungna Prehistoric Village Site" in the construction of State Route 710 (California), State Route 710. The village has alternatively been referred to as Ochuunga, derived from the Tongva language word for "wild rose" and possibly translating to "Place of Roses." History The village was located north and west of the large village of Yaanga connected via a trail with the other village of Shevaanga. Spanish priest José Zalvidea noted that the village was located "on the road from San Gabriel, California, San Gabriel to Los Angeles." This was a Pre-Columbian era, pre-Columbian trail that was used extensively prior to the arrival of the Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish colonizers. Although evidence of the village has been largely destroyed, it has been pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Sereno, Los Angeles
El Sereno (Spanish, "The Serene One") is a Los Angeles neighborhood in the Eastside Los Angeles region of Los Angeles County, California. History Tongva The Tongva village of Otsungna was situated in today's El Sereno on the banks of a stream that was later named Arroyo Rosa de Castilla, which ran east of present-day Guardia and Farnsworth avenues. A trail connected Otsungna to the village of Yangna on the Los Angeles River, then on to the village of Sibagna, near the eventual site of the Mission San Gabriel. The route later became Mission Road. Spanish Period (1769—1821) The El Sereno area was first visited by Europeans in 1769, when the Spanish overland Portola Expedition passed just south of present-day El Sereno. In 1771, Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was founded, including the area that became El Sereno area of its lands was used for cattle grazing, and an adobe was constructed there in 1776. In 1784, three years after the pueblo was founded, Spanish Governor Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California State University, Los Angeles
California State University, Los Angeles (Cal State LA) is a public research university in Los Angeles, California, United States. It is part of the California State University system. Cal State LA offers 142 bachelor's degree programs, 122 master's degree programs, and 4 doctoral degrees: the Doctor of Philosophy in special education (in collaboration with the University of California, Los Angeles), Doctor of Education in Educational Leadership, Doctor of Nursing Practice, and Doctor of Audiology. It also offers 22 teaching credentials. Cal State LA had a student body of 22,740 as of Fall 2024, which includes 19,350 undergraduates, primarily from the greater Los Angeles area, and 3,390 graduate students. It is organized into 9 Faculty (division), colleges that house a total of 4 Faculty (division), schools and approximately 50 academic Academic department, departments, divisions, and interdisciplinary programs. The university's forensic science program is one of the oldest in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
View Of El Sereno, Los Angeles, California
Acornsoft was the software arm of Acorn Computers, and a major publisher of software for the BBC Micro and Acorn Electron. As well as games, it also produced a large number of educational titles, extra computer languages and business and utility packages – these included word processor ''VIEW'' and the spreadsheet '' ViewSheet'' supplied on ROM and cartridge for the BBC Micro/Acorn Electron and included as standard in the BBC Master and Acorn Business Computer. History Acornsoft was formed in late 1980 by Acorn Computers directors Hermann Hauser and Chris Curry, and David Johnson-Davies, author of the first game for a UK personal computer and of the official Acorn Atom manual "Atomic Theory and Practice". David Johnson-Davies was managing director and in early 1981 was joined by Tim Dobson, Programmer and Chris Jordan, Publications Editor. While some of their games were clones or remakes of popular arcade games (e.g. ''Hopper'' is a clone of Sega's ''Frogger'', '' Snapper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tongva
The Tongva ( ) are an Indigenous peoples of California, Indigenous people of California from the Los Angeles Basin and the Channel Islands of California, Southern Channel Islands, an area covering approximately . In the precolonial era, the people lived in as many as 100 villages and primarily identified by their village rather than by a pan-tribal name. During colonization, the Spanish referred to these people as Gabrieleño and Fernandeño, names derived from the Spanish missions in California, Spanish missions built on their land: Mission San Gabriel Arcángel and Mission San Fernando Rey de España. ''Tongva'' is the most widely circulated endonym among the people, used by Narcisa Higuera in 1905 to refer to inhabitants in the vicinity of Mission San Gabriel. Some people who identify as direct lineal descendants of the people advocate the use of their ancestral name ''Kizh'' as an Endonym and exonym, endonym. The Tongva, along with neighboring groups such as the Chumash peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Los Angeles
Los Angeles, often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, most populous city in the U.S. state of California, and the commercial, Financial District, Los Angeles, financial, and Culture of Los Angeles, cultural center of Southern California. With an estimated 3,878,704 residents within the city limits , it is the List of United States cities by population, second-most populous in the United States, behind only New York City. Los Angeles has an Ethnic groups in Los Angeles, ethnically and culturally diverse population, and is the principal city of a Metropolitan statistical areas, metropolitan area of 12.9 million people (2024). Greater Los Angeles, a combined statistical area that includes the Los Angeles and Riverside–San Bernardino metropolitan areas, is a sprawling metropolis of over 18.5 million residents. The majority of the city proper lies in Los Angeles Basin, a basin in Southern California adjacent to the Pacific Ocean in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Route 710 (California)
Route 710, consisting of the non-contiguous segments of State Route 710 (SR 710) and Interstate 710 (I-710), is a major north–south state highway and auxiliary Interstate Highway in the Los Angeles metropolitan area of the U.S. state of California. Also called the Los Angeles River Freeway prior to November 18, 1954, the highway was initially planned to connect Long Beach and Pasadena, but a gap in the route exists from Alhambra to Pasadena through South Pasadena due to community opposition to its construction. The completed southern segment is signed as I-710 (locally referred to as "the 710"), and is officially known as the Long Beach Freeway; and it runs north from Long Beach to Valley Boulevard, just north of I-10 (San Bernardino Freeway), near the boundary between the cities of Alhambra and Los Angeles. South of Atlantic Boulevard at the Bell– Vernon border, I-710 follows the course of the Los Angeles River, rarely wandering more than a few hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tongva Language
The Tongva language (also known as Gabrielino, Gabrieleño, or Kizh) is an extinct and revitalizing Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Tongva, a Native American people who have lived in and around modern-day Los Angeles for centuries. It has not been a language of everyday conversation since the 1940s. The Gabrielino people now speak English but a few are attempting to revive their language by using it in everyday conversation and ceremonial contexts. Presently, Gabrielino is also being used in language revitalization classes and in some public discussion regarding religious and environmental issues. Tongva is closely related to Serrano. The names of several cities and neighborhoods in Southern California are of Tongva origin, and include Pacoima, Tujunga, Topanga, Azusa, ''Cahuenga'' in Cahuenga Pass and ''Cucamonga'' in Rancho Cucamonga. The last fluent native speakers of Tongva lived in the early 20th century. The language is primarily documented in the unpublished f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaanga
Yaanga was a large Tongva (or Kizh) village, originally located near what is now downtown Los Angeles, just west of the Los Angeles River and beneath U.S. Route 101 in California, U.S. Route 101. People from the village were recorded as ''Yabit'' in missionary records although they were known as ''Yaangavit'', ''Yavitam'', or ''Yavitem'' among the people. It is unclear what the exact population of Yaanga was prior to colonization, although it was recorded as the largest and most influential village in the region. Yaangavit were treated as Slavery, slave laborers during the Mission period by Franciscans, Franciscan padres to construct and work at San Gabriel Mission and ''Nuestra Señora Reina de los Ángeles Asistencia'' and forced laborers for the Spanish Empire, Spanish, Mexican, and American settlers to construct and expand Los Angeles. The colonizers' dependency on Yaanga for forced labor is thought to be a reason for its ability to survive longer than most Indigenous people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shevaanga
Shevaanga or Sibagna (or Sibanga) is a former Tongva village located at the area of what would become San Gabriel, California. It was closely situated to the village of Toviscanga. It lay at an elevation of 430 feet (131 m). It was located near Mission San Gabriel Arcángel and the Whittier Narrows, in the San Gabriel Valley. History The chief of the village was known as ''Sibavie'', as it was customary for the chief of a Tongva village to adopt the name of the village followed by an ''-ie'' suffix, such as '' Asucsagna'' to ''Asucsagnie''. Residents of the village were referred to as Sibapet. Colonial period and decline It was located the original site of San Gabriel Mission established in 1771, before the mission was destroyed in a flood and then rebuilt at the nearby village of Toviscanga in 1776. The village declined and eventually disappeared with the growth and expansion of the mission. The village was the birthplace of an Indigenous man referred to by the Spanish as N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Gabriel, California
San Gabriel (Spanish language, Spanish for "Gabriel, St. Gabriel") is a city located in the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County, California. At the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population was 39,568. San Gabriel was founded by the Spanish in 1771, when Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was established by Saint Junípero Serra. Through the Spanish and Mexican periods, San Gabriel played an important role in the development of Los Angeles and Californio society. Owing to the prominence of Mission San Gabriel in the region's history, it is often called the "birthplace of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, Los Angeles region". History Tongva Prior to the arrival of the Spanish to Alta California, the area that is San Gabriel were inhabited by the Tongva people, Tongva, whom the Spanish called the ''Gabrieleño.'' The Tongva village of Shevaanga was located at the original site of Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, Mission San Gabriel, before being moved to the site ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Columbian Era
In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era, also known as the pre-contact era, or as the pre-Cabraline era specifically in Brazil, spans from the initial peopling of the Americas in the Upper Paleolithic to the onset of European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, which began with Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492. This era encompasses the history of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous cultures prior to significant European influence, which in some cases did not occur until decades or even centuries after Columbus's arrival. During the pre-Columbian era, many civilizations developed permanent settlements, cities, agricultural practices, civic and monumental architecture, major Earthworks (archaeology), earthworks, and Complex society, complex societal hierarchies. Some of these civilizations had declined by the time of the establishment of the first permanent European colonies, around the late 16th to early 17th centuries, and are know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Colonization Of The Americas
The Spanish colonization of the Americas began in 1493 on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic) after the initial 1492 voyage of Genoa, Genoese mariner Christopher Columbus under license from Queen Isabella I of Castile. These overseas territories of the Spanish Empire were under the jurisdiction of Crown of Castile until the last territory was lost in Spanish–American War, 1898. Spaniards saw the dense populations of indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous peoples as an important economic resource and the territory claimed as potentially producing great wealth for individual Spaniards and the crown. Religion played an important role in the Spanish conquest and incorporation of indigenous peoples, bringing them into the Catholic Church peacefully or by force. The crown created civil and religious structures to administer the vast territory. Spanish men and women settled in greatest numbers where there were dense indigenous populations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
