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Otodus
''Otodus'' is an extinct, cosmopolitan genus of mackerel shark which lived from the Paleocene to the Pliocene epoch. The name ''Otodus'' comes from Ancient Greek (, meaning "ear") and (, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth". Description All species are known from their fossilized teeth, and four of them (''O. obliquus'', ''O. auriculatus'', ''O. angustidens'' and ''O. megalodon'') are also known from their fossilized vertebral centra. Like other elasmobranchs, the skeleton of ''Otodus'' was composed of cartilage and not bone, resulting in relatively few preserved skeletal structures appearing within the fossil record. The teeth of this shark are large with triangular crown, smooth cutting edges, and visible cusps on the roots. Some ''Otodus'' teeth also show signs of evolving serrations. Size estimation The fossils of ''Otodus'' sharks indicate that they were very large macro-predatory sharks. The largest known teeth of ''O. obliquus'' measure about in height. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Megalodon
''Otodus megalodon'' ( ; meaning "big tooth"), Common name, commonly known as megalodon, is an extinction, extinct species of giant mackerel shark that lived approximately 23 to 3.6 million years ago (Mya), from the Early Miocene to the Early Pliocene epochs. ''O. megalodon'' was formerly thought to be a member of the family (biology), family Lamnidae and a close relative of the great white shark (''Carcharodon carcharias''), but has been reclassified into the extinct family Otodontidae, which Speciation, diverged from the great white shark during the Early Cretaceous. While regarded as one of the largest and most powerful predators to have ever lived, megalodon is only known from fragmentary remains, and its appearance and maximum size are uncertain. Scientists have argued whether its body form was more stocky or elongated than the modern lamniform sharks. Maximum body length estimates between based on various analyses have been proposed, though the Mode (statistics), modal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Chubutensis
''Otodus chubutensis'', meaning "ear-shaped tooth of Chubut", from Ancient Greek ὠτ (ōt, meaning "ear") and ὀδούς (odoús, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth", is an extinct species of prehistoric megatoothed sharks in the genus ''Otodus'', lived from Early Miocene to Middle Miocene. The largest individuals were about long. This shark is considered a close relative of the famous prehistoric megatoothed shark '' O. megalodon''. However, as is the case with ''O. megalodon'', the classification of this species is disputed. Taxonomy As is the case with other known megatoothed sharks, the genus of ''O. chubutensis'' remains in dispute. The Swiss naturalist Louis Agassiz first identified this shark as a species of ''Carcharodon'' in 1843. In 1906, Ameghino renamed this shark as ''Carcharodon chubutensis''. In 1964, shark researcher, L. S. Glikman recognized the transition of ''Otodus obliquus'' to O''. auriculatus''. In 1987, shark researcher, H. Cappetta reorga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamniformes
The Lamniformes (, from Greek ''lamna'' "fish of prey") are an order (biology), order of sharks commonly known as mackerel sharks (which may also refer specifically to the family Lamnidae). It includes some of the most familiar species of sharks, such as the great white shark, great white as well as less familiar ones, such as the goblin shark and megamouth shark. Members of the order are distinguished by possessing two dorsal fins, an anal fin, five gill, gill slits, eyes without nictitating membranes, and a mouth extending behind the eyes. Species in two families of Lamniformes – Lamnidae and Alopiidae – are distinguished for maintaining a higher body temperature than the surrounding waters. Members of the group include Macro-predator, macropredators, generally of medium-large size, including the largest macropredatory shark ever, the extinct ''Otodus megalodon,'' as well as large planktivores. Although some authors have argued that the Late Jurassic ''Palaeocarcharias'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Auriculatus
''Otodus auriculatus'' is an extinct species of large sharks in the genus ''Otodus'' of the family Otodontidae, closely related to the sharks of the genus ''Otodus'', and also closely related to the later species megalodon. The largest individuals were about long. Its teeth were large, having coarse serrations on the cutting edge, and also with two large cusplets. The teeth can reach up to , and belonged to a large "megatoothed" shark. Assignment to the genus ''Carcharocles'' rather than ''Otodus'' It is known that there is at least one genus in the family Otodontidae, that being ''Otodus''. But the names and number of the genera in Otodontidae is controversial and the family's accepted phylogeny varies among paleontologists in different parts of the world. In the US and Britain the most widespread genus name for otodontids with serrated teeth is ''Carcharocles'', and the owners of unserrated ones ''Otodus''. In countries of the former USSR, like Ukraine or Russia, all of thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Angustidens
''Otodus angustidens'' is an extinct species of prehistoric megatoothed sharks in the genus ''Otodus'', which lived during the Late Eocene and Miocene epochs about 34 to 21 million years ago. The largest individuals were about long. This shark is related to another extinct megatoothed shark, the famous ''Otodus megalodon''. Taxonomy The Swiss naturalist Louis Agassiz, first identified this shark as a species of genus '' Carcharodon'' in 1835. In 1964, shark expert, L. S. Glikman recognized the transition of '' Otodus obliquus'' to ''C. auriculatus'' and moved ''C. angustidens'' to genus ''Otodus''. (See "external links" below) However, in 1987, shark expert H. Cappetta recognized the '' C. auriculatus'' - ''C. megalodon'' lineage and placed all related megatooth sharks along with this species in the genus ''Carcharocles''. The complete ''Otodus obliquus'' to ''C. megalodon'' transition then became clear and has since gained the acceptance of many other experts with the passa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Aksuaticus
''Otodus aksuaticus'' is an extinct species of large shark in the family Otodontidae which may represent a transitional species between '' Otodus obliquus'' and '' Otodus auriculatus''. They are similar in overall morphology to '' Otodus obliquus'' except they have serrations on their cusps and blade. It is sometimes placed in the genus ''Otodus''. It is mainly found in the Ypresian stage of the Eocene epoch. They have been found in the Woodstock Member of the Nanjemoy Formation of Maryland and Virginia and Ypresian sediments in Aktulagay, Kazakhstan as well as the Ypres clay in Belgium and the London Clay The London Clay Formation is a Sediment#Shores and shallow seas, marine formation (geology), geological formation of Ypresian (early Eocene Epoch, c. 54-50 million years ago) age which outcrop, crops out in the southeast of England. The London C ... in the United Kingdom. References aksuaticus Ypresian life Eocene fish of North America Paleontology in Maryland Paleo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Sokolovi
''Otodus sokolovi'' is an extinct species or chronospecies of large shark in the family Otodontidae which may represent a transitional chronospecies between ''Otodus auriculatus'' and ''Otodus angustidens''. They differ from the former with a less curved root and finer serrations and from the latter with more prominent and recurved cusps. Due to the subtle differences, it is sometimes lumped into ''O. auriculatus''. It, along with the rest of ''Otodus'', is sometimes placed in the genus ''Carcharocles ''Otodus'' is an extinct, cosmopolitan genus of mackerel shark which lived from the Paleocene to the Pliocene epoch. The name ''Otodus'' comes from Ancient Greek (, meaning "ear") and (, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth". Descript ...''. Due to its similarities with other chronospecies, it is difficult to tell exactly when it arose and went extinct. Generally, it is said to span from the late Eocene to early Oligocene. They are best known from the late Eocene locali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great White Shark
The great white shark (''Carcharodon carcharias''), also known as the white shark, white pointer, or simply great white, is a species of large Lamniformes, mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans. It is the only known surviving species of its genus ''Carcharodon''. The great white shark is notable for its size, with the largest preserved female specimen measuring in length and around in weight at maturity. However, most are smaller; males measure , and females measure on average. According to a 2014 study, the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more, well above previous estimates, making it one of the longest lived Chondrichthyes, cartilaginous fishes currently known. According to the same study, male great white sharks take 26 years to reach sexual maturity, while the females take 33 years to be ready to produce offspring. Great white sharks can swim at speeds of 25 km/h (16 mph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otodus Hastalis
''Otodus hastalis'' is an extinct dubious species of Lamniform shark what lived in the Miocene epoch, and was related to ''Megalodon''. Description ''Otodus hastalis'' is a dubious extinct species of mackerel shark, that lived during the Miocene epoch in Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q130472958 hastalis Miocene sharks Fossil taxa described in 1876 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shark Teeth
Sharks continually shed their teeth; some Carcharhiniformes shed approximately 35,000 teeth in a lifetime, replacing those that fall out. There are four basic types of shark teeth: dense flattened, needle-like, pointed lower with triangular upper, and non-functional. The type of tooth that a shark has depends on its diet and feeding habits. Sharks are a great model organism to study because they continually produce highly mineralized tissues. Sharks continually shed their teeth and replace them through a tooth replacement system. Through this system, sharks replace their teeth relatively quickly with replacement teeth that are ready to rotate because their teeth often get damaged while catching prey. They will replace teeth that are broken and young sharks can even replace their teeth weekly. Although sharks constantly shed their teeth, factors such as water temperature affect the turnover rate. While warmer water temperatures produced faster rates, cold water temperatures slow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
