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Osmond Drengot
Osmond Drengot (c. 985 – 1 October 1018) was one of the first Norman adventurers in the Mezzogiorno. He was the son of a petty, but rich, lord of Carreaux, at Bosc-Hyons in the region of Rouen. Carreaux gives his family the alternate name of ''de Quarrel''. In 1016, Osmond took part in a hunt with Duke Richard II of Normandy. While on hunt, he killed one William Repostel, a relative of the duke, in revenge for his sleeping with one of Osmond's daughters. Richard pardoned his life, but exiled him. Osmond fled to Italy, there to join the Byzantines in their fight against the Lombards, Saracens, papalists, and Holy Roman Empire. Before leaving Normandy, he raised an armed band of approximately 250 warriors: adventurers, outlaws, younger sons (without a future in France), and four of his own brothers, namely Asclettin, Gilbert, Ralph, and Rainulf. In Italy, he and his followers joined with Melus of Bari and Guaimar III of Salerno, Lombards in revolt against Byzantine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drengot
The Drengots were a Norman family of mercenaries, one of the first to head to Southern Italy to fight in the service of the Lombards. They became the most prominent family after the Hautevilles. Origins The family came from Carreaux, near Avesnes-en-Bray, east of Rouen. From ''Quarrelis'' or ''Quadrellis'', the Latin for Carreaux, the family gets its alternate name of ''"de Quarrel"''. The first members of the family known are five brothers. Four of these accompanied their one exiled brother, Osmond, who had murdered one of Duke Robert I of Normandy's hunting companions. Sources diverge as to just who among the brothers was leader on the trip to the south: * Orderic Vitalis and William of Jumièges name ''Osmond''; * Ralph Glaber names '' Rudolph''; * Leo of Ostia, Amatus of Montecassino, and Adhemar of Chabannes name '' Gilbert Buatère''. According to most south Italian sources, this last was designated leader for the Battle of Cannae in 1018. The remaining brothers were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Buatère
Gilbert Buatère (c. 985 – 1 October 1018) was one of the first Norman adventurers in the Mezzogiorno. He was the eldest son of a petty, but rich, lord of Carreaux, near Avesnes-en-Bray in the region of Rouen. Carreaux gives his family, the Drengot, the alternate name of ''de Quarrel''. In 1016, his brother Osmond, according to some sources, or Gilbert himself, according to others, killed one William Repostel, a relative of Duke Richard II of Normandy in revenge and the duke pardoned his life, but exiled him. Osmond and his four brothers—Gilbert, Asclettin, Ralph, and Ranulf—travelled to the Mediterranean to assist Melus of Bari and Guaimar III of Salerno, Lombards in revolt against Byzantine control. In 1018, 250 Norman knights under Gilbert's command fought against the Greek general Basil Boioannes in the Battle of Cannae The Battle of Cannae (; ) was a key engagement of the Second Punic War between the Roman Republic and Ancient Carthage, Carthage, fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italo-Normans
The Italo-Normans (), or Siculo-Normans (''Siculo-Normanni'') when referring to Sicily and Southern Italy, are the Italian-born descendants of the first Norman conquerors to travel to Southern Italy in the first half of the eleventh century. While maintaining much of their distinctly Norman piety and customs of war, they were shaped by the diversity of Southern Italy, by the cultures and customs of the Greeks, Lombards, and Arabs in Sicily. History Normans first arrived in Italy as pilgrims, probably on their way to or returning from either Rome or Jerusalem, or from visiting the shrine at Monte Gargano, during the late tenth and early eleventh centuries. In 1017, the Lombard lords in Apulia recruited their assistance against the dwindling power of the Byzantine Catapanate of Italy. They soon established vassal states of their own and began to expand their conquests until they were encroaching on the Lombard principalities of Benevento and Capua, Saracen-controlled ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1018 Deaths
Year 1018 ( MXVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * January 30 – The Peace of Bautzen: Emperor Henry II signs a peace treaty with Bolesław I the Brave, Duke of Poland, ending the German–Polish War. Poland keeps Lusatia – the Holy Roman Empire keeps Bohemia. With this peace agreement, Bolesław redirects his forces on an offensive against the Kievan Rus'. * July 22– 23 – Battle of the River Bug: Polish forces under Bolesław I defeat Yaroslav the Wise near the River Bug. Yaroslav retreats to Novgorod, abandoning Kiev. * July 29 – Battle of Vlaardingen: Henry II sends an army towards Holland to subdue the rebellious Count Dirk III. The Imperial forces are defeated near Vlaardingen. * August – Ivats, Bulgarian nobleman and rebel leader, is blinded and captured by ''strategos'' Eustathios Daphnomeles, confirming Bulgaria's position as part of the Byzantine Empire. * August 14 &nd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
980s Births
98 may refer to: * 98 (number) * Windows 98, a Microsoft operating system * 98 Ianthe, a main-belt asteroid * Oldsmobile 98, a full-sized luxury car Years * 98 BC * AD 98 AD 98 (Roman numerals, XCVIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Roman consul, Consulship of Nerva, Augustus and Traianus (or, less frequently, year 851 ''Ab urbe condita'') ... * 1998 * 2098 See also * Californium (atomic number), a chemical element * 98 Degrees (98°), a band {{numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basil Boioannes
Basil Boioannes (, ; , ), in Italian called (), was the Byzantine catapan of Italy (1017 – 1027 Chalandon, Ferdinand. ''Histoire de la domination normande en Italie et en Sicile''. Paris, 1907.) and one of the greatest Byzantine generals of his time. His accomplishments enabled the Empire to reestablish itself as a major force in southern Italy after centuries of decline. Yet, the Norman adventurers introduced into the power structure of the Mezzogiorno would be the eventual beneficiaries. Life Upon his appointment by Emperor Basil II in December 1017, he immediately requested reinforcements from Constantinople to fight the insurgency of the Lombard general Melus of Bari and his Norman soldiery. The request was granted: a detachment of the elite Varangian Guard was sent. The two forces met on the river Ofanto near Cannae, the site of Hannibal's victory over the Romans in 216 BC. In the second Battle of Cannae, Boioannes achieved an equally decisive victory. Boioannes protect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Cannae (1018)
The Battle of Cannae took place in 1018 between the Byzantines under the Catepan of Italy Basil Boioannes and the Lombards under Melus of Bari.John Beeler (1971) ''Warfare in Feudal Europe, 730–1200''. Cornell University Press. pp. 65–66. The Lombards had also hired some Norman cavalry mercenaries under their leader Gilbert Buatère, while Boioannes had a detachment of elite Varangian Guard sent to him at his request to combat the Normans. The engagement was one of the first clashes between the Byzantines of southern Italy and the Normans. The battle was disastrous for the Lombards, who were routed. Melus of Bari managed to escape to the Papal States and eventually to the court of Holy Roman Emperor Henry II at Bamberg. The Normans lost their leader, Gilbert Buatère, and most of their group. However, what remained of this group of Normans was the first of many to go to southern Italy. Within a year, a Norman garrison would be stationed at Troia in the pay of the Byza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guaimar III Of Salerno
Guaimar III (also ''Waimar'', ''Gaimar'', ''Guaimaro'', or ''Guaimario'' and sometimes numbered Guaimar IV) (c. 983 – 1027×31) was the Lombard prince of Salerno from around 994 to his death. Under his reign, Salerno entered an era of great splendour. ''Opulenta Salernum'' was the inscription on his coins. He made Amalfi, Gaeta and Sorrento his vassals and annexed much of Byzantine Apulia and Calabria. He was the second eldest son of Prince John II of Salerno. The eldest was Guy, who ruled as co-ruler with his father from January 984 to 988. Sometime between January and March 989, John made Guaimar co-regent. In 994 (also given as 998 or 999), his father died and he became sole ruler. In 999, a band of Norman pilgrims returning from Jerusalem stopped at the port of Salerno. While they were staying there, the city was attacked by Saracen pirates. The Salernitans were afraid to offer battle, but the Normans were not. Soon their bravery drew out the Salernitans and together they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melus Of Bari
{{Infobox noble , name = Melus , title = Duke of Apulia , image = , caption = {{longitem, Cape given to Holy Roman Emperor Henry II by Melus , alt = , CoA = , more = , succession = Duke of Apulia , reign = 1015-1020 , reign-type = , predecessor = ''title created'' , successor = ''title vacant''''Next Duke of Apulia:''Guaimar IV of Salerno , suc-type = , spouse = Maralda , spouse-type = , issue-type = , issue = Argyrus , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , native_name = , styles = , other_titles = , noble family = , house-type = , father = , mother = , birth_name = , birth_date = , birth_place = , christening_date = , christening_place = , death_date ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rainulf Drengot
Rainulf Drengot (also Ranulph, Ranulf, or Rannulf; ''c.'' 990 – June 1045) was a Norman adventurer and mercenary in southern Italy. In 1030 he became the first count of Aversa. He was a member of the Drengot family. Early life and arrival in Italy When Rainulf was exiled by Richard II of Normandy for a violent criminal act,Marjorie Chibnall, ''The Normans'', (Blackwell Publishing, 2006), 76. Rainulf, Osmond, and their brothers Gilbert Buatère, Asclettin (later count of Acerenza), and Raulf went on a pilgrimage to the shrine of the soldier-archangel, Michael, at Monte Sant'Angelo sul Gargano in the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. They brought with them a band of 250 warriors, formed of other exiles, landless cadets and similar adventurers. Mercenary service In 1017 they arrived in the Mezzogiorno, which was in a state of virtual anarchy. Establishing a stronghold at Monte Gargano in Apulia, they joined forces with the Lombard Melus of Bari, who had rebelled against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ralph Drengot
Rudolph Drengot was one of the Drengot family of Norman adventureres who came to Southern Italy with his brothers, Gilbert, Asclettin, Osmond, and Ranulf. The Drengots arrived in Italy in 1017 to support Melus of Bari in his rebellion against the Catapanate. According to some sources, they stopped in Rome on the way and Rudolph had an audience with Pope Benedict VIII.Glaber, who also accounts Rudolph as the leader of the Normans. Whatever the case, they aided Melus until their defeat at the Battle of Cannae (1018). After this, Melus went north to Bamberg to meet the Emperor Henry II. Rudolph accompanied him. It is certain that Rudolph had an opportunity to then meet with the pope. He returned to the south on the emperor's expedition, after Melus' death, and was installed at Comino under one of Melus' nephews, a count. Rudolph then led some Normans back to Normandy. Notes Sources * Rodulfus Glaber. ''Opera'', ed. J. France. Oxford, 1989. * Chalandon, Ferdinand. ''Histoire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asclettin Of Acerenza
Asclettin or Asketil was the first count of Acerenza, one of the twelve leaders of the Norman mercenaries of Guaimar IV of Salerno who conquered much of Apulia between 1038 and 1042. In the latter year, the division of the conquests twelvefold was made and Asclettin received his portion. Asclettin arrived in 1016 with his older brothers Osmond and Gilbert. He was a member of the Drengot family and his brother Rainulf Drengot was the first Norman to hold any land in the south: he was the first count of Aversa. Rainulf was succeeded by Asclettin's son and namesake, Asclettin. Asclettin was also the father of Prince Richard I of Capua Richard Drengot (''c.'' 1025 – died 1078) was the count of Aversa (1049–1078), prince of Capua (1058–1078, as Richard I) and duke of Gaeta (1064–1078). Early career in Italy Richard, who came from near Dieppe in the Pays de Caux in easte ... and Count Ranulf I of Caiazzo. References Italo-Normans 11th-century French nobility Norm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
