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Orthonairovirus Sp. Strain YS
''Orthonairovirus'' is a genus of viruses in the family ''Nairoviridae'' of the order ''Hareavirales'' which includes viruses with circular, negative-sense single stranded RNA. The name is derived from the Nairobi sheep disease which affects the gastrointestinal tracts of sheep and goats. All viruses in this genus are tick-borne viruses with human or other vertebrate hosts. Structure The virions for viruses in this genus have a spherical shape. They range in size from about 80–120 nm in diameter, with 50% of their weight attributed to proteins and 20–30% of their weight attributed to lipids. The ribonucleocapsid is filamentous, having a length of about 200-300 nm and a width of about 2–2.5 nm. These nucleocapsids are surrounded by a single envelope that has projections made of glycoproteins protruding from its surface. These projections evenly cover the surface of the virion, and are about 5–10 nm long. They aid in attachment to the host rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vesicle (biology)
In cell biology, a vesicle is a structure within or outside a cell, consisting of liquid or cytoplasm enclosed by a lipid bilayer. Vesicles form naturally during the processes of secretion ( exocytosis), uptake ( endocytosis), and the transport of materials within the plasma membrane. Alternatively, they may be prepared artificially, in which case they are called liposomes (not to be confused with lysosomes). If there is only one phospholipid bilayer, the vesicles are called '' unilamellar liposomes''; otherwise they are called ''multilamellar liposomes''. The membrane enclosing the vesicle is also a lamellar phase, similar to that of the plasma membrane, and intracellular vesicles can fuse with the plasma membrane to release their contents outside the cell. Vesicles can also fuse with other organelles within the cell. A vesicle released from the cell is known as an extracellular vesicle. Vesicles perform a variety of functions. Because it is separated from the cytoso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avalon Virus
Avalon () is an island featured in the Arthurian legend. It first appeared in Geoffrey of Monmouth's 1136 ''Historia Regum Britanniae'' as a place of magic where King Arthur's sword Excalibur was made and later where Arthur was taken to recover from being gravely wounded at the Battle of Camlann. Since then, the island has become a symbol of Arthurian mythology, similar to Arthur's castle of Camelot. Avalon was associated from an early date with mystical practices and magical figures such as King Arthur's sorceress sister Morgan, cast as the island's ruler by Geoffrey and many later authors. Certain Briton traditions have maintained that Arthur is an eternal king who had never truly died but would return as the "once and future" king. The particular motif of his rest in Morgan's care in Avalon has become especially popular. It can be found in various versions in many French and other medieval Arthurian and other works written in the wake of Geoffrey, some of them also linking A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinegar Hill Virus
Vinegar () is an aqueous solution of diluted acetic acid and trace compounds that may include flavorings. Vinegar typically contains from 5% to 18% acetic acid by volume. Usually, the acetic acid is produced by a double fermentation, converting simple sugars to ethanol using yeast and ethanol to acetic acid using acetic acid bacteria. Many types of vinegar are made, depending on source materials. The product is now mainly used in the culinary arts as a flavorful, acidic cooking ingredient or in pickling. Various types are used as condiments or garnishes, including balsamic vinegar and malt vinegar. As the most easily manufactured mild acid, it has a wide variety of industrial and domestic uses, including functioning as a household cleaner. Etymology The word "vinegar" arrived in Middle English from Old French (''vyn egre''; sour wine), which in turn derives from Latin: (wine) + (neuter gender of , sour). Vinegar was formerly also called . The word "acetic" derives from La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artashat Virus
Artashat virus (ARTSV), is a species in the genus ''Orthonairovirus''. It was first isolated in Armenia in 1972 from ''Ornithodoros alactagalis'', a soft tick of the family Argasidae. References Nairoviridae {{virus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kupe Virus
Kupe virus is a species of virus in the genus ''Orthonairovirus''. History The virus was isolated from pooled ticks ('' Amblyomma gemma'' and ''Rhipicephalus pulchellus'') collected from cattle hides in Nairobi, Kenya, in October 1999.Sang R, Onyango C, Gachoya J, Mabinda E, Konongoi S, Ofula V, Dunster L, Okoth F, Coldren R, Tesh R, da Rossa AT, Finkbeiner S, Wang D, Crabtree M, Miller B (2006) Tickborne arbovirus surveillance in market livestock, Nairobi, Kenya. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Jul;12(7):1074-1080 The word 'Kupe' is Kiswahili for tick. Genome The genome is composed a single strand of negative sense RNA in three parts - small (S), medium (M0 and large(L). The L segment RNA is 12,330 nucleotides (nt) in length and encodes one open reading frame In molecular biology, reading frames are defined as spans of DNA sequence between the start and stop codons. Usually, this is considered within a studied region of a prokaryotic DNA sequence, where only one of the six possib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
