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Orientalosuchus
''Orientalosuchus'' is an extinct genus of alligatoroid crocodilian from the Late Eocene that was found in the Na Duong Formation in Vietnam. The type species ''naduongensis'' was named after the location where it was found in Northeastern Vietnam, near the Chinese border. The Na Duong Formation is dated to the middle to late Eocene (late Bartonian to Priabonian), from 39 to 35 million years ago. Twenty-nine well preserved individual fossils were recovered in the area from 2009 to 2012. The new genus ''Orientalosuchus'' was named in a 2019 study by Massonne ''et al.'' that also included several other extinct alligatoroid taxa from Asia. Phylogenetic analysis found that they were all closely related and together formed a monophyletic clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orientalosuchina
Orientalosuchina is an extinct clade of alligatoroid crocodylians from South and East Asia that lived during the Paleocene and Eocene. The clade was named as the result of a 2019 study by Massonne ''et al.'' that included several extinct alligatoroid taxa from Asia and found that they were all closely related and together formed a monophyletic clade as basal members of Alligatoroidea, as shown in the cladogram below: Some studies have disputed this placement of '' Jiangxisuchus'' within Orientalosuchina as an alligatoroid, instead recovering ''Jiangxisuchus'' as a basal member of Crocodyloidea Crocodyloidea is one of three superfamilies of crocodilians, the other two being Alligatoroidea and Gavialoidea, and it includes the crocodiles. Crocodyloidea may also include the extinct Mekosuchinae, native to Australasia from the Eocene to .... References Crocodilians Paleocene reptiles of Asia Paleocene crocodylomorphs {{paleo-archosaur-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Globidonta
Globidonta is a clade of alligatoroids that includes alligators, caimans, and closely related extinct forms. It is defined as a stem-based clade including '' Alligator mississippiensis'' (the American Alligator) and all forms more closely related to it than to '' Diplocynodon''. The group's fossil range extends back into the Late Cretaceous with early alligatoroids such as '' Albertochampsa'' and '' Brachychampsa''. Extinct globidontans were particularly common in North America and Eurasia, and their modern range also includes South America. Basal globidontans are characterized by their blunt snouts and bulbous teeth. Modern globidontans have flattened snouts and more conical teeth, and are seen as more generalized than earlier globidontans. Generalized forms are usually expected to be ancestral to more specialized forms rather than descendants of them, so it is unusual for basal members of the group to appear specialized. This seems to conflict with the "Law of the Unspeciali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachychampsa Montana
''Brachychampsa'' is an extinct genus of alligatoroid, possibly a basal caiman. Specimens have been reported from New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, North and South Dakota, New Jersey, and Saskatchewan, though only those from Montana, Utah, and New Mexico are based on material sufficient to justify the referral. One specimen has been reported from the Darbasa Formation of Kazakhstan, although the species status is indeterminate for the fossil. The genus first appeared during the late Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous (Judithian North American stage) and became extinct during the late Maastrichtian stage of the Cretaceous (Lancian North American Land Mammal "Age"). ''Brachychampsa'' is distinguished by an enlarged fifth maxillary tooth in the upper jaw. Species The type species of ''Brachychampsa'' is ''B. montana'', first discovered from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana and described by Charles W. Gilmore in a paper in 1911. In that same paper, Gilmore recombine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratosuchus
''Ceratosuchus'' is an extinct genus of alligatorine crocodylian from latest Paleocene rocks of Colorado's Piceance Basin and earliest Eocene rocks of Wyoming's Bighorn Basin in North America, a slice of time known as the Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age. Like its modern relatives, ''Ceratosuchus'' was a swamp-dwelling predator. It is named for the pair of flattened, triangular bony plates that extend from the back of its head. The type species is ''C. burdoshi'', a name chosen by the Field Museum after Theodore Burdosh discovered a nearly complete skull on an expedition to Western Colorado in 1937. "Fortunately, a knob of bone projecting from an otherwise undistinguished piece of rock had caught the eye of Mr. Burdosh, and the block had been broughtto the Museum. When the rock was chipped away, the insignificant external lump proved to belong to a fairly complete skull of a fossil crocodilian allied to the alligators; and on one posterior corner it bore a triang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navajosuchus
''Navajosuchus'' is an extinct genus of alligatorine crocodylian. Its fossils have been found in the Paleocene-age Nacimiento Formation of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico ( United States). It was named in 1942 by Charles C. Mook, and the original type species was ''N. novomexicanus''. ''N. novomexicanus'' was based on AMNH 5186, a partial skull collected in 1913. Later research showed that ''Navajosuchus novomexicanus'' was the same as the earlier-named '' Allognathosuchus mooki''. However, ''A. mooki'' does not belong to the genus ''Allognathosuchus'', and so the name of the crocodilian becomes ''Navajosuchus mooki''. Under whichever name is used, this animal would have been a generalized predator of the Nacimiento floodplains. It was the most common Nacimiento Formation crocodilian, found in both the Puercan and Torrejonian faunal assemblages. The precise placement of ''Navajosuchus'' within Alligatoroidea is disputed. Some studies have shown it as a basal memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eoalligator
''Eoalligator'' is an extinct genus of alligatoroid crocodilian from Paleocene deposits in China. Systematics ''Eoalligator'' was originally classified as an extinct relative of alligators. The holotype of ''E. chunyii'', IVPP V2716, is a partial skeleton. A second nominal species, ''E. huiningensis'', was described in 1982 from Anhui.Young CC. 1982. A Cenozoic crocodile from Huaining, Anhui. Selected Works of Yang Zhongjian. China: Academia Sinica. 47-48. A 2016 study of Chinese alligators by Wang ''et al.'' found ''Eoalligator chunyii'' to be a junior synonym of '' Asiatosuchus nanlingensis'' and a basal member of Crocodylidae. However, a subsequent study by Wu ''et al.'' disagreed with the synonymy of ''"Asiatosuchus" nanlingensis'' and ''Eoalligator chunyii'', finding them to be distinct based on first-hand studies of the holotypes and cladistic analysis, although they agreed in classifying ''E. chunyii'' as a crocodyloid. In 2016, Wang ''et al.'' also found ''Eoalligator hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', "dawn") and (''kainós'', "new") and refers to the "dawn" of modern ('new') fauna that appeared during the epoch. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene Epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch. The start of the Eocene is marked by a brief period in which the concentration of the carbon isotope 13C in the atmosphere was exceptionally low in comparison with the more common isotope 12C. The end is set at a major extinction event called the ''Grande Coupure'' (the "Great Break" in continuity) or the Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, which may be related to the impact of one or more large bolides in Siberia and in what is now Chesapeake Bay. As with other geologic periods, the strata that define the start and end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplocynodontinae
''Diplocynodon'' is an extinct genus of alligatoroid that lived during the Paleocene to Middle Miocene in Europe. It looked very similar to the modern caiman in that it was small and had bony armour scutes covering its neck, back, belly, and tail. The longest ''Diplocynodon'' recovered was 4 feet in length and probably fed on small fish, frogs, and took insects when young. In the nineteenth century, ''D. steineri'' was named from Styria, Austria and ''D. styriacus'' was named from Austria and France. A third Austrian species, ''Enneodon ungeri'', was placed in its own genus. The Austrian and French species of ''Diplocynodon'' were synonymized with ''E. ungeri'' in 2011, and because the name ''Diplocynodon'' has priority over ''Enneodon'', the species is now called ''D. ungeri''. Other genera have recently been found to be synonymous with ''Diplocynodon''. ''Hispanochampsa muelleri'' of Spain was determined to be synonymous with ''Diplocynodon'' in 2006, and ''Baryphracta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ventral
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and anatomical axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether an organism is bipedal or quadrupedal. Additionally, for some animals such as invertebrates, some terms may not have any meaning at all; for example, an animal that is radially symmetrical will have no anterior surface, but can still have a description that a part is close to the middle ("proximal") or further from the middle ("distal"). International organisations have determined vocabularies that are often used as standard vocabularies for subdisciplines of anatomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds ( taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryote globally, and possibly many times more if microorganisms, like bacteria, are included. Notable extinct animal species include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, dod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stangerochampsa
''Stangerochampsa'' is an extinct genus of globidontan alligatoroid, possibly an alligatorine or a stem-caiman, from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta. It is based on RTMP.86.61.1, a skull, partial lower jaws, and partial postcranial skeleton discovered in the late Campanian– early Maastrichtian-age Horseshoe Canyon Formation. ''Stangerochampsa'' was described in 1996 by Wu and colleagues. The type species is ''S. mccabei''. The generic name honors the Stanger family, the owners of the ranch where the specimen was found, and the species name honors James Ross McCabe, who discovered, collected, and prepared it. ''Stangerochampsa'' is described as "small to medium–sized"; the type skull is long from the tip of the snout to the occipital condyle, and is wide at its greatest, while the thigh bone is long. It had heterodont dentition, with large crushing teeth at the rear of the jaws. Classification Wu and colleagues, using phylogenetic analyses, found their new genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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